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RARE, BOOK OOI,.LEGTIO 
THE LIBRARIES 
The University 
of Georgia 
THF 
The 
of 
T H E 
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE; 
O R, 
Flower-Garden Difplayed: 
IN WHICH 
The mof[ Ornamental FOREIGN ,PLAhTS, cultivated in the 
Open Ground, the Green.Houfe, and the Stove, are acz 
curately reprefented in.their natural Colou,rs. 
,.. r.O- TO WHICH ARE ADDED, 
Th 'lafs Order, Generic' and Specific Charaers, according 
ebrated LxN_mus; their Places of Growth, and 
.- _ Times of Flowering: 
'i ' ; T 0 (3 ]g T I--I 1 R W ' T I 
i APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE, 
".."' .: W O R K 
Intended for the Ufe of fuch L^mus, GET/,EXEr, and GaRt>Eamts, aa 
wilh to become fcientifically acquainted with lhe Plants they.cultivate, 
By 
WILLIAM CUR T.IS, 
Author of the FzoRa Lo-Nasis. 
VOL. v.'-(o 
"A fort amufemen; the garden yidds 
an humane delight. 
ß ' To raife th' infipid nature of the ground, 
 Or tame its fayage genius to the grace 
Of carelefs fweet rufiicity, that feema 
"The amiable refult of happy ehance, 
"Is to create, and give a god-likejoy 
"Which ev'ry year improves." ' AsToxc/ 
L o N D o N. 
PRINTED BY STEPttEN COUCHMAN 
For W2 CUR T I S, N ø $, St. George'$-Cre.ent, Bl'ack-Friars-Roal 
tnd Sold,by the pr'm. cipal Bo0kfellers in Great-Britain and Ireland. 
M DCC XCI! 
i'k,.'[ONARDA 
[ ] 
FISTULOSA, 
MONARDA. 
CRIMSON 
D A, ) A MONOYNIA. 
Generic-Chara[ter. 
Crolla inaqualis: labio fuperiore lineari filamenta involvente. 
$emina 4. 
Specific CharaFler and Synonyms. 
MONAR'DA fifl$dofa capitulis terminalibus, caule obtufan- 
gulo. Linn. $yfl. I/egetab. p. 68. ed. x4. Mutt. 
Hort. Kew. v. x. p. 36. 
ORIGANUM fift. ulofum Ca'nadenfe. Corn. Canad: i3. t. 4- 
The Monarda fifiulofa, a .hardy herbaceous plant, growing 
fpontaneoufly in Canada, and other parts of North-America, 
has long been cultivated in the Englifh gardens, to which i.t 
recommends itfclf as much by the fragrance of its foliage,, 
as the beauty of its flowers; of this tiecies the plant here 
figured is an uncommonly beautiful variety, its bloffoms far 
furparting thole of the original in fize, as well as brillianc of 
colour, the floral, leaves alfo-are highly coloured; we have 
yeprelented a tingle bloffom of the common Monardafifldofa, 
fiat the difference of the two may be rendered obvious. 
This variety has been very lately introduced from Holland 
by Meffrs. Gwxgvoo and Co. Kenfington; it flowers from 
June to September, ad i.s propagated by parting its root 
i-n fpring or autumn. 
..; 
Generic Chara7er: 
Calyx 5-partitus. I'etala 5' Filamenta multa, _in 5 phalanges 
bari connata. Capfula. 
Specific C hara7er and Synonyms. 
HYPE_RICUM calycinum floribus pentagynis folitariis termi- 
nalibus, caule tetragono œruticofo, œoliis ob- 
1ono-ovatis coriaceis. Linn. $_)fl. I/egetab. 
p. 7o0. Mant. lo6. tqort. Kcw. v. 8. Iø3- 
ASCYRUM magno flore. Bauh. ])in. 8o. œrodr. x3o. 
ANDROS'ALMUM Confantinopolitanum flore maximoo 
ld/hele/s fourney into Greece, p. o 5. cure. 
This fpecles of St. John s-Wort, particularly diflmomfled 
by the largenefs of its' flowel's, has very generally been con- 
fidered as the tfcyron of LtN.us, owing to his giving to 
that plant the fynonyms which properly belong to the prefent 
one: in his Mantiffa, this fpecies is called calycinum, which 
name is adopted in 'the a4th edition of the S)flema Fegetabilium,. 
and alfo in the Hortus Ifevenfis, where the proper fynonyms 
are applied to it, and from which we learn, that it is a native 
of the country near Conftantinople, and was introduced into 
this country by Sir Goae Va, Bart. in 676. 
It is a hardy perennial, increaflng much.by its roots, which 
are of the. creeping kind, and by parting of which in the 
autumn it is molt readily propagated; like the periwinkle, it 
is a plant well adapted to cover a bank, or bare fp0ts under 
trees, where other plants will not thrive. 
It flowers from-July to September. 
DAiS COTINIrOLIA. COTINUS-LEA¾'D DAISo 
Cls and Order. 
DEcANDRIA MONOGYNIA- 
Generic Charaer. 
Involucrum 4-phY 11um- Cor. 4  5 'fida' Bac x-fperma. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms. 
DAIS cotinlia floribus quinquefidis decandris. Linn. Syfl. 
Vegt. ed. x4. Mutt. p. 403- Spec. Pl. p. 556. 
DAIS laurffolia. ]acq. 'ic. collet. . p. 46. 
The Dais cotinifoiia is an ornamental Green-houfe Shrub, of 
ß the deciduous kind, and though it appears from the Hortus 
Kewenfis to hive been introduced by Mr. J^MES GORDON, of 
Mile-End, in 776, is yet a great rarity with us, and only to 
be found in Pome of the firft colle&ions. 
Its fcarcity, and cofequent very high price, is attributed 
to the Nurfery-men's not having yet difcovered the means of 
propagating it freely. 
Meffrs. GuxwooD and Co. of Kenfington, h.ave Pome 
,ery fine plants,of it, which flower.every year in the months 
of June and July, butas yet have produced no pe, rfe& feeds, 
which they ray be expe&ed to do when grown older; fuch 
having been known to ripen them in Holland. 
It is a native of the Cape, and appears to have been long 
poffeffed by the Dutch, as its Generic Charafter taken from 
D. V. RoYsty, is printed in the_Genera Plantarum of Lxt- 
u in x764. 
There are only two known fpecies, and they vary in the 
number of their Stamina, and divifions of the Corolla, 
PELARGONIUM BETULINUM. BIRCH-LEAV'D 
CRANV.'S-BLL. 
ClaJ and Order. 
MoNtn.Lvax^ H[vTtNDxxt, 
Generic CharaIer. 
Cal. 5-partitus: lacinia fuprema definente in tubulum capilia- 
rem neOariferum, fecus pedunculum decurrentem. Cot. 
5-petala, irregularis. Fi!amenta o, inaequalia: quorum 3 
(taro 5) caRrata. Fruglus 5-coccus, roffratus: roltra fpi- 
ralia, introrfum barbata. L' Het. Geran. 
Specific Charagler and Synonyms. 
PELARGONIUM betulinum umbellis paucifloris, foIiisovatis 
imequaliter ferratis levigatis. L' Herit. 
n. 84. 
GERANIUM belulinum calycibus monophyllis, œoliis ovatis 
imequaliter ferratis planis, caule fruticofo. 
Linn. Sp. lVL p. 946- Burro. Get. 38. 
GERANIUM fruticofum, betule folio, africanum. RaiiSuppL 
5x3 ß 
Though long fince defcribed, we have been in poffeffion of 
this fpecis of Crane's-Bill but a few years; it is one of the 
many new ones introduced by Mr. M^sso from the Cape, 
and at the fame time one f the moR defirable, as its bloffoms 
which are ornamental, are freely produced during moff of the 
fummer, and the plant itfelf is readily propagated by cuttings. 
The flowers vary confiderably, both in fize, and colour; its 
foliage is different from that of moR others, and, as its name 
imports, like that of the Birch-Tree. 
It requires the.fame treatment as moR other Green-Houfe 
Plants. 
'I 
ZINNIA 
MULTIFLORA. MANY-FLOWERED 
Clffs and Order. 
SYNGENE$IA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA. 
Generic Charat7er. 
Recept. paleaceum. Pappus ariftis g ereiRis. Cal. ovato- 
.c ;lindricus, imbricatus Flouli radii 5-xo, perfiftentes, 
Y . - 
,ntegr,. 
Specific Charat7er and Synonyms.' 
ZINNIA multiflora floribus pedunculatis. Linn. Syfl. Feg. 
ed. x4- Muvr. p. 777- 
The Zinnia multiflora, a native of Louifania, is a plant of 
more modern introdu&ion, but requires the fame treatment, 
and flowers at the fame time, as the Wagetes patula, with 
which, though far inferior in brilliancy of colour, it contr;- 
butes to decorate the borders of the flower-garden from June 
to September. 
There is a variety of it with yellow flowers, nearly as com- 
mon in our gardens as the .prefent plant. 
LINNmUS gave tO this genus the name of ZINNIA, in ho- 
nour of Jo. GOTXFR. ZINN, the pupil of H.LLER, and his 
fucceffor at the Univerfity of Gottingen. 
Tle plant we have figured, anfwers to the name and to the 
fpecific defcription of LINN,US'S multiflora; having never 
feen his pauciflora, we cannot fay whether there be any juff 
caufe for fufpe6ting them to be varieties of each other. 
t 
E 
TAGETES PATULA. SPREADING TAGETE$, 
or FRENCH 1V[ARIGOLD. 
CI and Orr. 
SYGENESIA POLYGAIA SUPERFLU. 
Generic Charaer. 
Receptaculum nudum. Pappus ariis 5 ereis. Cal. x-phyllus, 
5-dentatus, tubulofus. Flofculi radii4-8, pefientes. 
Specc Charaer and Synonyms. 
TAGETES patula caule fubivifo patulo. ' Zinn. S)fl. Feg. 
ed. 4. Murr. 8. 
TANACETUM Africanum f Flos Africanus minor. Bauh. 
Pin.  3. 
FLOS Afi'icanus. Dod. Perupt. 55' 
The fmall tingle French Marigold. Park. Par. p. 3. 
For richnefs and variety of tints few flowers can vie with 
this fpcies of Tagetes, 'hich forms one of the chief orna- 
ments of our gardens at the clofe of fummer. 
Some authors make it a native of Africa, others of America. 
Two principal varieties are ufually kept in the gardens, the 
common fmall fort with a ftrongdifagreeable fmell, and a larger 
one here figured, ulhally called fweet-fcented, the former is 
of more humble. growth, its branches more fpreading, its 
bloffoms fmaller than thofe of the latter, the flowers of which 
have ufually a greater portion of the yellow tint, and the fmell 
of the other fo modified as to be far lefs difagreeable; fweet- 
fcented we fear it can fcarcely be called: from the fed of 
both forts fome flowers will be pr, oduced extremely double, 
and others tingle. 
MxLL.w recommends the (eed to be frequently changed, 
to prevent them from degenerating. 
It is one of our tender annuals which require to be raifed 
on a gentle hot-.bed, if we are defirous of having them 
early; if 'that be not an obje, 'they may be fown under a 
common hand-'glafs on a warm border the beginning of May, 
and, when large enough, planted out in the flower-beds, 
where they are to remain. 
DonoNus obferves, that the leaves, if held up to the 
light, appear as if perforated; and he adduces fome inftanceso 
which prove the plant to be of a poifonous nature. 
LOTUS 
TETR'AGONOLOBUSo 
LOTUS. 
/VIN G ED 
Cla and Order. 
DiADELPHIA DECANDRIA. 
Generic CharaCter. 
Leumen cylindricum firi&um. _//1,e furrum 1ongitudinalit. er 
conmventes. Cal. tubulofus. 
Specific Charaer and Synoffms. 
LOTUS tetragonolobus leguminibus olitariis membranaceo- 
quadrangulis, bra&eis ovatis. Linn. Syfl. Fegetab. 
œ. 69x. _.fit. Hort. Kew. p. 9t' 
LOTUS tuber filiqda angulofa. Bauh: Pin 
LOTUS pulcherrima tetragon01obus. Comm. Hort. 
PISUM qu'adratum, the crimfon-bloffom'd or fquare-codded ' 
' Peafe. Park. Parad. p. 838. 
A common annual in our gardens, where it has been long 
cultivated; is a native of Sicily, and flowers in the open 
borders in July and Aguf; requires the fame management 
as other hardy annuals. 
MILLER obferves, that it was formerly cultivated as an 
efculent plant the green pods being dreffed and catch as 
peas. 
. ( 
[ 
',PID1;,NDRUM 'COCHLEATUM. Two-L.v'n 
' ',PIDENDRUM. 
Cl and Order. 
GARIA DIARIA. 
Generic Charaer. 
Wearium turbinatum, obliquum, reflexum. 
pecc Charaer and Synonyms. 
EPIDENDRUM cochleaturn foliis oblongis geminis glabris 
riatis bulbo innaris, fcapo multifloro, nec- 
tario cordato. L7nn. Sy. kgetab. ed. 
Murr. p. 8  9' it Hort. Kew. k 3' P' 3ø3 - 
HELLEBORINE cochleato flore. Plum. Sp. 9' u. x85. fig. 
Planis wlich draw their fupport from other living ones, of 
which there are numerous inftances, are by Botanifts termed 
parafitical, and of this kintt are moft of the prefent family; de- 
rivin.g their generic name, which is of Greek extraSion, from 
growing on trees, into the bark of which they fix their roots 
fome of them are alfo found to grow on dead wood, as the 
prefent plant, which is defcribed by Sir H^s Sro,% in his 
hiftory of Jamaica,  x. p. 5 o. t. xx.f.v.. as not only grow- 
ing plentithlly on trees, but alfo on the palifadoes of.St. Jago 
de la Vega. 
Inltances of there plants flowering in England are very rare; 
Commodore G.gDV. lq in the year 789, ' prefented to the 
Apothecaries company rome roots of this plant, taken up in 
the woods of Jamaica with great Care, an.d which being fuc- 
t*efsfully treated by Mr. F.  i , g  in their garden at Chelfea, 
one of them threw up a flowering ftem laft February, from 
whence our drawing was made. 
Mr. FA  t  A  u  planted the root in pots of earth compofecl. 
of rotten wood and decayed leaves, plunging them into the 
tan-bed of a pit of confiderable fize. 
In its fruiflcation, the Epidendrum obvioufly agrees with 
the Orchis tribe, but differs effentially in the ceconomy of its 
roots; in the Orchis the roots fpring from the crown of the 
bulb, which is formed in the earth; i'.n the. Epidendrum the' 
bulb, or the partwhich appea.rs to be analogous to a bulb, thougk. 
of a green colour, is produced above ground, while the root 
or fibres proceed from' below it. 
BU/.,BOCODIUM VERNUMo VERNAL 
BULB O CODIUMo 
Cla and Order. 
HEXANDRIA Mo N OGYN IA. 
Generic CharaHer. 
Corolla infundibuliformis,. hexpetala: unguihus anguftis 
ftaminiferis. Capfula fupera, 
ß Specific Charagler and Synonyms. 
BULBOCODIUM vernum foliis lanceolatis. Linn. Syfl. Veg; 
ed. x4. Murr. p. 32o../lit. Hort. Kew. v. . 
p. 42x. Retz. Obf. œot. Faj3. mt. x. 
COLCHICUM vernum hifpanicum. œauh. JPin. 69. 
Mealowe Saffron of the fpring. œark. 2Varad. p. 58-x59. f. 7- 
The excellent and learned C x u s x u s, in the fecond appendix 
to his hiftory of rare plants, gives a very good figure of this 
plant, both in flower and feed, accompanied with its hiftory; 
our P.uicx so4 alfo reprefents it in his 2Varad. terr and gives 
fuch a minute defcriptioff of it, as convinces us he muff have 
cultivated it at the time he wrote: Mr. MI.x. zR appears not 
to have been well acquainted with it,. or he would not have 
defcribed its root to be like that of the Snowdrop; had he 
laid Colchicum, he would not have miffed: RTzxus alfo in 
his Bot. Obf. gives a figure of it with the flower diffe&ed. 
The Bulocodium, of which theke is only one fpecies, is a 
mountainous plan{, a native of Spain, and flowers in the open 
ground at the fame time as the Crocus, for a purple variety of 
which it might eafily be milaken at firl fight; but it differs 
from the Crocus in having fix ftamina, and from the Coichicum, 
to which it is very nearly. allied, in having one ftyle inlead of 
three. 
It is at prefent a rare plant in our gardens, which 'we attri- 
bute to its bulbs not admitting of much increafe, as well as 
to its being liable to be killed by frol, and hence Xre. 
.quiring more care than it may be'thought entitled to from 
ts appearance. - 
I varies in the colour of its flowers. 
Oc¾oms: BssL SOA-Wo. 
Claj3 and Order. 
DECANDReA DGYNA. 
Generic Charafter. 
Cal. i-phy!lus,. nudus. œetala 5 unguiculata. Capri ob- 
1onga 1-1ocularis. 
Specific CharatVer and Synonyms. 
SAPONARIA Ocymoides calycibus cylindricisvillofis, caulibus 
dichotomis procumbentibus. Linn. Syfl. keg. 
ed. x4. Murr. Jacq. Fl. _/lu. flr. v. 5' app. t. $. 
.dit. Hort. Kew. v. . p. 8 7. 
LYCHNIS ve.1.0cymoides repens montanum. œauh. Pin. o6. 
The Saponaria Ocymoides has been figured in the appendix 
to the fifth volume of the _Flora .duflriaca in its wild ftate, as in' 
timilar works every plant is expe6ted to be; our figure repre- 
fents a branch of it only, taken (as all ours in this work pro-' 
feffedly are) from a garden fpecimen which grew on a wall 
of a particular c6nftru6tion in our garden at Brompton, and 
of which it was the principal ornament through the months 
of May, June, and July, during moft of which time it was 
covered with a profufion.of bloom *. 
Though it produces bloffoms in abundance, it affords but 
little feed, but may be increared by flips or cuttings. 
It is a hardy perennial, a native of.France, Italy, Swit- 
zerland, and Carinthia, loves a pufe air and a dry fituation', 
grows beR among rocks, ftones, or out of a wall, and certainly 
is one of the beft plants imaginable for ornameffting of rock- 
.work. 
I received feeds'of it, and many other rare plants, from 
my very kind friend Mr. nAVAL, of Orbe, in Switzerland. 
* Pulcherrlmos et latittimos in rupibus cefpltes eldtit. Hallet. 
' Deleaatur rolo duro, arenolo, umbrofo fylvarum. acfuin. 
OXALIS VERSICOLOR. 
WOOD-SORREL. 
Clafi and Ord. 
Dc, P. 
Genic Caraer. 
Cl. 5-phyllus. Petala unguibus connexa. Ca anguli 
dehircens, 5-gona. 
Specie Charaer and 'Synonyms. 
OXALIS vecolor caule ereao hirto, pedunculis uniflori 
foliis ternaris: foliolis linearibus calloffs. Linn. 
Syfi. Feg. ed. . Murr. p. x. p. 3' it. Hort. 
Kew. v. . p. 
OXYS Aricana foliis tenuimis, flore amplo verficolore. 
luk. malth. 69. t. 434.  5' 
OXYS Africana foliis tenuimis in fummitate caulis. ii ' 
SuppL 598. 
] 
STRIPED-FLOWER'B; 
The Oxalis verficolor is confidered as one of the molt beau- 
tiful of the many fpecies. cultivated in gardens; and, though 
well known to, and defcribed by feveral of the older Botanills, 
has graced our colle&ions but a few years, being introduced 
to the Royal Garden at Kew, from the Cape (where, as well 
as in Ethiopia, it grows fpontaneoutly) by Mr. M,sso, in 
the Year 2774. 
Many of this genus flower early in the fpring, the feafon 
in which this fpecies alfo puts forth its bloffoms; but by dex- 
terous management it may be made to flower during molt of 
the year; and this is etti:&ed by placing the pea-like tubera or 
knobs which the root fends forth, and by which the plant is 
propagated, in pots filled with loam and bog-earth at llated 
dillant periods/ 
Like molt of the Cape plants, it is well adapted to the 
greenhoufe, and fucceeds belt when placed on a front 
their of the houfe, where it can have plenty of light and air; 
fome keep it in the ftove, but there the plant is drawn up, and 
the flowers lore a part of their brilliancy: in no fitnation do 
they ever expand but when the fun thines on them; this is the 
lefs to be regretted, as they are molt beautiful when clofed. 
[ ] 
COREOP SIS VERTICILLATA. 
COREOPSIS. 
WHORLED 
Cla and Order. 
SYNGENSlA POLYGAMIA FKUSTRANEA. 
Generic Charafter. 
Receptaculum paleaceum. Papous bicornis. 
polyphyllus, bari radiis patentibus cin&us. 
Calx ereCtus, 
COREOPSIS 
COREOPSIS 
DELPHINII 
Specific Charalter and Synonyms. 
verticillata foliis decompofito-linearibus. Linn. 
8yfl. Feg, ed. x4. Mum p. 
'foliis verticillatis linearibus multi fidis. Gronov. 
Fl. Firgin. p. 
vel mei foliii planta ad nodos pofitis caule fin- 
gulari. Clayt. n. 3o8. 
The Coreopfis verticillata is a hardy, perennial, herbaceous 
plant,'a native of North-America; producing its bloffoms, 
which are uncommonly fhewy, from July to O&ober, and is 
readily propagated by parting its roots in Autumn. 
It grows to a great height, and is therefore rather adapted 
to the fhrubbery than the f}ower-garden. 
C,-trToN remarks, that the petals, though of a yellow 
colour, are ufed by .the inhabitant, to dye cloth red. 
HYACINTHUS BOTRYOIDES. GRAPE 
HYACINTH. 
Cla an Order. 
HEXANI)RIA MONOGYNIAo 
. eampanulata: Pori 8 melli[eri getminis. 
HYACINTHUS boP. yoidr$ corollis globos unœormibu, 
bliis canaliculato-cylindricis ftri&is. LYnn. 
S)fl. Feget. ed. 4. Mutt. p. 336. Ziton 
Hort. Kew. v. . p. 459. 
HYACINTHUS racemotifs cmruleus major. œauh. ]Pin, 
HYACINTHUS Botroides ceruleus amcenus. 
The fide-coloured grape-flower. Park. lPar. p. x 4. P. x x 3. f 
The Hyacinthus botryoides, a native of Italy, and cultivated 
in the time of GEt.tD and P.txtNso, is now become 
fcarce with us, being only to be accidentally met with in long- 
eptablithed gardens; we firPt law it in the garden of our very 
worthy and much valued friend, Mr. Jot CaotLE¾, of 
Tottenham, to whole lady my'colle&ion-ltands'indebted for 
feveral rare and valuable plants. 
This fpecies increafes"fufficlently fa by offsets, but in the 
open border does not very readily produce flowering Ptems: 
as both it and the raceroof us are apt to become troublerome in 
a garden from their great increafe, we would recommend 
their bulbs to be placed in moderately fized pots filled with 
light earth, and plunged in the borders where they ae defigned 
to flower; in the autumn they fhould be regularly taken out, 
the offsets thrown away, and about half a dozen of the largeft 
bulbs left, all of which will moPt probably flower at the xfual 
time, the end of March or beginning of April. 
PtxxNsos, who moPt admirably defcribes this and th$ 
raceroof us, enumerates three varieties, viz. the white, the bh- 
coloured, and the branched; the firPt is frequently imported 
with other bulb from Holland, the fecond and third we have 
not feen; the latter, if we may judge from P.txxssos's fig. 
in his lParad. is a molt curious plant, and was obtained, as 
Cxmsxus reports, from feeds of the white variety; whether 
it now exipts is deferving of inquiry, 
The botryoides differs from the racemotifs, in having its leaves 
upright, its bunch of flowers fmaller, the flowers themfelvea 
larger, rounder of a paler and brig. bter blue, 
HBISCUS Rosa 8I½Eqsxs. CHINA-R_OSE 
HIBISCUS. 
Cta' and Orden 
MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. 
Cneric Charaer. 
ax duplex exterior polyphyllus. Capfuta 5-1ocularis 
polyfperma. 
Spe.dfic Charaer and Synonyms. 
}tIBISCUS Rffa Sines foliis ovads acuminatis ferratis, caule 
arboreo. Linn,. 
6 9. it. Hort. Kew. p. 
ALCEA javauica arborekens, tore pieno rubicundo. Bro,n. 
cent.   . t. 5 
HIBISCUS javanica. Mill. Di. ed. fl. 4to. by whom cul- 
tivated in 
Ruwxvs {n his'Herbarium _/tmboinen gives an excellent 
account of this beautiful native of the Eafl:-Indies, accom- 
panied by a reprefentation of it with double flowers, in which 
Irate it is more particularly cultivated in all the gar. dens in 
India, as well as China; he informs us that. it grows to the 
full fize of our hazel, and that it varies with white flowers. 
The inhabitants of India, he obferves, are extremely par- 
tial to whatever is red, they conrider it as a colour which tends 
to exhilarate; and hence they not only cultivate this plant 
univerfally in their gardens, but ufe its flowers on all occafions 
ffeftivity, and even in their fepulchral rites: he mentions 
alfo an ceconomical purpofe to which the'flowers are applied, 
little conilltent with their elegance and beauty, that of blacking 
lhoes, v/hence their name of Rife calceolariw; the fhoes, after 
the colour is imparted to them, are rubbed with the hand, to 
give them a glofs, and &hich thereby yeceives a blueifh tinge, 
to difcharge which they have recourfe to lemon juice. 
With/is it is kept in the fl:oe, where it thrives and flowers 
readily during moft of the rumruer; the tingle b!offoms laft 
but a hort time, yet their fuperiority arifing from.the curious 
and beautiful ftrucCture of the interior parts of the flower, com- 
lenfates for the fhortneœs of their duration. 
It is ufually increafed by cratings. 
,./5% 
ALyssum' SAXAU:ILF. YELXOW 
ALYSSUM, 
Clad3 and Order, 
TETKADYiqAMIA SlLICULOA 
Generic CharafTer. 
Filamenta quedam introrfum denticulo riotara, $ilicula 
emarginata, 
Specific CharatVer and $.yno?ms. 
/kEYSSUM faxatile caulibus frutefcentibus paniculatis, foliis 
lance61atis molliffimis repandis. Linn. Syfi. Feg, 
ed. 4. Murr. p. 59 o. 
ALYSSUM 'Creticum Saxatile, foliis undulatis .incanis. 'ourn, 
œOF. 71 5. 
THLASPI luteurn leucoji folio. Bocc. muf. 79. t, 93. 
As this plant has very generally 9btained in gardens and 
nurferies the name of yellow Alyffum, we have .retained'it; 
for though it is not the only one of the genus which produces 
yellow flowers, it may frill be called yellow by way of emi- 
nence, -fuch is the extreme brilliancy and profufion of its 
bloffoms. 
It is a native of Crete, and was firft cultivated in this 
country by Mr. MILLE'R, in 73t% at ChellEa garden. 
It begins to flower about the latter end of April, and con, 
tinues to bloffom through great part of May  and it is not 
uncommon for it to flower again in autumn. 
'If it has a pure air and a dry fituation, it will grow'in altooff. 
any foil. 
The ufual mode of propagating it is by flips,. or cuttings. 
As it is a tinall, flmwy, hardy plan h and not difpofed to 
OVer-run others it is very fuitable to embel!ifh rock-work, 
ULMONARIA 7IRGINICA. 
LUNGWORT. 
Cla and Order. 
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic CharafTer. 
Corolla infundibuliformis fauce pervia. Calyx pri'fmatico- 
pentagonus. 
Specific Chara7er and Synonyms. 
PULMONARIA tqrginica calycibus abbreviatis, foliis lan- 
ceolatis obtufiufculis. Linn. Syfl. Feg. ed. 
4. Murr. p. x8 7. 
PULMONARIA non maculoœa, floribus tubulofis longis pul- 
cherrimis ceruleis, in panicula pendula 
congeftis, foliis teneribus glabris latis ob- 
tuffs, ad margines equalibus, pediculis di- 
lute purpureis infidentibus, radice craffa 
inftar fymphyti. Mountain Cowflip. Clayt. 
Gron.'F1. Firg'. p. 5. 
MILLER informs us in his Diaionary, that the Pulmonaria 
Firginica grows naturally upon mountains in molt parts of 
North-America, that the feeds were fent many years fince by 
Mr. BANIsrER, [¾om Virginia; and fome of the plants were 
railed in the garden of the Bifhop of London, at Fulham, 
where for feveral years it was growing. 
Though a native of Virginia,. it ranks with /he hardy her- 
baceous plants of our gardens, and flowers in the open border 
about the middle of April; the bloffoms before their expan- 
fion are of a reddifh purple colour, when. fully blown they 
be;come of a light bright blue, the foliage is glaucous, or 
blueilh green; it is faid to vary with white and flefh-coloured 
owers. 
In favourable feafons, the Flower-Garden owes much of its 
gaiety to this elegant plant, and at a time when ornament is 
molt defirable. 
It requires a pure air, and a fituation moderately eltered, 
as the cold eaferly winds -which too readily prevail in April, 
when it is in flower, are apt to deface it. 
It is ufually propagated by parting its roots in autumn, and 
i a free grower. 
AMYGDALUS NANA. DWARF ALMOND. 
Cla' and Order. 
]C0SANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
eeric Crer. 
Cal. 5-dus, inferu. Peiala 5- Drupa nuce pods pefforata. 
AMYGDALUS  foEis bah attenuatis. Zim j. Yef. 
AMYGDALUS indica nana. l}. 
ARMENIACA perHcm foliis, fruu exfucco. . 
3- t. 3o. 
The Dwarf Almond, a native of Ruffia and Tartary, is 
jufdy confidered. as one of our mof ornamental Ihrubs; it 
rarely riles above the height of three feet, and hence becomes 
very fuitable for the Ihrubbery of fmall extent. It flowers 
about the middle of April, fomewhat later than the common 
Almond. 
Mt,,R obfcrves, that the roots are apt to put out fuckers, 
by which the plant may be increared in plenty; and if thofe 
are not annually taken away, they will Rarve the old 
plant. 
Cultivated in 683, by Mr. Jaa,s Su:rxz.z,D. Zit, 
IIort. Kv. 
./ 
,I 
[ 
SANOUINARIA CANADENSIS. CANADA 
PUCCOON, or BLOODWORT. 
Cla and Order. 
POLYANI)RIA MONOOYNA. 
Generic Charaer. 
Cor. 8-petala. Cal. -phyllus. Siliqua ovata, 1-1ocularis. 
8pecc Charaer and 8ynonyms. 
SANGUINARIA Canaden/s. Linn. 8yfi. Keg. ed. 4. Mutt. 
p. 489. 
CHELIDONIUM majus Canadenfe acaulon. Orn. Canad. 
212. 
RANUCULUS ir}nicns albus. r. Y. 
Though the Sanguinaria cannot be confidered as a handfome 
fhewy plant, yet we fcarcely know its equal in point of deli- 
cacy and fingularity; there is fomething in it to admire, from 
the time that its leaves emerge from the ground, and embofom 
the infant bloffom, to their full expanfion, and the ripening 
of its feed veffels. 
The woods of Canada, as well as of other parts of North- 
America, produce this plant in abundance  with us it flowers 
in the beginning of April: its bloffoms are fugacious, and 
fully expand. only 'in fine warm weather. It is a hardy 
perennial, and is ufually propagated by parting its foots in 
autumn; a fituation moderately t'hady, and a foil having a 
mixture of bog-earth or rotten leaves in it fuits it belt. 
Its knobby roots, when broken afunder, pour forth a juice 
of a. bright red or orange colour, whence its name of Sangui- 
nana; with this liquid 'the Indians are faid to paint themfelves. 
DtrL tus has figured it in his admirable work, the Hortus 
Elthamenfis/, where three varieties of it are reprefented, viz. 
a large one, a fmall one, and one in which the petals are mul- 
tiplied, but which can fcarcely be called double. ' 
It appears from MoRiso *, that the Sangfiinaria was cul- 
ivated in this country in x68o, the date of his work. 
temenrfenlt .fl?nte in America occldentali five in Virginia feu Canada, unde 
ß burban,n ?el.a_t_a, quibus propagata ejus fobeles abundanter fatis in hortulo 
no-' ß -" ,.nu. Walker non lonee a nalatio Divi lacobi, tito in rico eiufdem 
,,mu. Jacobco die'to, o r . o . 
PHLOX 
DVARCATA. EARLY-FLOWERiNG 
LYCHNDEA. 
Cla and Order. 
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Chara[ter. 
Corolla hypocrateriformis. Filamenta inaqualia. Stigma 
fidum. CaL prifmaticus. Capf. $-1oculari?, -fperma. 
Specific Charafler and Synonyms. 
PHLOX divaricata foliis lato-lanceolatis: fuperioribus al- 
ternis, caule biffdo, pedunculis geminis. Linn. 
$jfl. l/egetab. p. x99. lit. ttort. Kew. p. o6. 
LYCHNIDEA virginiana, alfines aquatica foliis, floribusin 
ramulis divaricatis. Pluk. Man& x2x ? 
Molt of the plants of this genus are natives of North- 
America, and remarkable for their beauty; they were firft' 
introduced under the name of Lychnidea, which, though a 
Latin term, is now familiarized to the Englifl ear. 
Mr. AxToN.has given tO this fpecies the name of early- 
flowering, it coming much fooner into bloffom than any of 
the others, beginning to flower in May with the vellow 
Alyffum; its bloffoms, however, are not of fo long duration, 
nor fo ornamental as fome others of the fame family. 
It feldom exceeds a foot in height, and, on this account, 
may be regarded as a fuitable rock-plant. 
It rarely ripens its feeds with us, but is readily increared 
either by cuttings or layers; fucceeds belt in a pure air and 
a fituation moderately dry. 
Like moft other American plants, it is of modern intro- 
du&ion was cultivated by Mr. Mix. x.R, in x755 , and figured 
in his Icones. 
RANUNCULUS 
(RAMINEUS. 
CROWFOre'. 
GRASS-LEAV.] 
Cla. and Order. 
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNtA 
Generic Charaer. 
Calyx &phyllus. Petala 5 intra ungues poro mellifero. $emina 
nuda. 
Specific Charac7er and Synonyms. 
RANUNCULUS gramineus foliis lanceolato linearlbus indi- 
vifis, caule ere&o leviffimo paucifloro. 
Linn. $yfl. Fegetab. ed 14. Murr. p. 515 . 
Ait. Hort. Kew. p. 265. 
RANUNCULUS gramineo folio bulbofus. tIauh. Pin. :tSx 
RANUNCULUS montanus folio gramineo. Bauh. Pin. 
RANUNCULUS gramin.eus. 
.raffe leafed Crowfoot. Park. Parad. p. 048. 2gx. fi :t. 
This fpecies of Ranunculus, an inhabitant of the dry paf- 
ures of the South of France and Italy, and a hardy herba- 
ceous plant of ready growth, recommends itfelf by the earlinefs 
)[ its [lowering and the delicat glaucous colour of its foliage. 
P^Riso figures it with double flowers, though he de- 
.ribes it with femi-double ones only; we have not obferved 
ther of thefe varieties in the gardens about London, they 
rove mol probably fallen vi&ims to the rage for novelty, 
K the lhrine of which many a fair and goodly flower is yearly 
acrificed. 
It flowers towards the end of April, and is propagated' by 
Parting its roots in autumn. d other fpecies of Ranunculus 
-!'cribed in G, s FI Gallopt. 
, The fynonyms of t, his 7 are very inaccurately 
0ted in Profeffor MURRAY'S edition of the S)fl. Fezeta& 
tt"""'"'"'""'lllfill I[11t 
H EAR T', 
and Order: 
G. eueric Chara., er? 
Cal. 5-partitus ! lacinia fuprema, definente in tubulum capil- 
lar6m, ne&ariferum, fecus pedunculum decurrentem. Cot, 
- etala, irregularis. Filam. i.O inequalia: quorum' 
(taro 5) caRrata. Fruc7us 5-coccus, .roftratus: roftra 
ra!ia int.ro. rfnm ba..rbata. 
8,?cc CharaCTer nd 
PELARGONI. UM cordatu utahellis multifloris, foliis cot-_ 
datis acutis d. entatis, petalis inferis line, .a;ibus acutis? .A.#. Hort. Kew. p. 47. 
GERANIUM cordotim: C,avan. Di. ,t . 4,o,: t. 7' f' a' .. 
Our readers e here prefented with the figure of another.- 
Geranium of m,o. dern introdua. ion not enmerated hy Ls- 
us' or M.I.a, and which in point of bea. u. ty, duration 
of fi. owering: a. nd facility of cqlture, is. equal to mft. 
It was introduced. t.o tle Roya. Ggrden at K.ew, from he 
Ther.e are fever. al. varieties of it,. hut the on h.er½ figure 
is the mo! beautiful: 
It ftrikes readily from cuttings, by which it is ufually pro, 
agatcd,. 
.Requires the fame treatment as the more commo 
mums, and flowers fro. hi M.rch to July, 
CiRATSUS MARTMUS. 
RANEAN STOCK, 
O and Order. 
TglRDYNAglA SIIU OSA, 
Generic Charaer. 
Gtrmen utrinque denticulo glandulato. Cal, daufus: folioIls 
duobus bari gibbis. 8emina plans. 
8,ifie Charaer and 
CHEIRANTHUS maritimus foliis ellipticis ohtufis nudis 
fcabriufculis, caule diffufo feabro. Linm 
8jfi. Fegeta& . 597' Mant p. 
it. Herr. K. v. . . 895- ' 
LEUCOJUM minus fiere violaceo. Bart. 
Lxsus has defcribed this plant minutely in his Mantiffa 
tlant. fo that no doubt remains of its being his maritimus. 
With us, it has been cultomary for Gardeners and Nur- 
ferymen to diltingui/h this fpecies, by the name of Virginia 
Stock, a name highly improper, as it is found to be a native 
of the Mediterranean coalL 
The bloffoms which this plant firR puts forth are of a lively 
red, in a few days they become of a blueilia purple colour; to 
this variety of hues the plant owes its chief beauty. 
Being of humble growth, and producing a profufion of 
bloom, which is of long duration, it is frequently ufed as an 
edging to borders, and fometimes fown in little patches with 
other annuals; in whatever way ufed, it contributes greatly 
to enliven the borders of the flower-garden. 
It is one of there annuals whole feeds thould be fown in 
the autumn, as it thereby comes much forwarder into bloom, 
and its bloffoms are more lively than there arifing from feeds 
fown in the fpring; by varying the time of lowing, it may be 
had to flower- in fpring, fummer, and autumn. 
'Small pots of it in bloom have a pretty appearance, and 
may be ufed to decorate the windows of there who reftde 
in cities or great towns, where the plealures of the garden 
are not to be enjoyed. 
: 
SOPHORA 
Cla and Order. 
DIiCANDRXA MONO¾NA. 
Generic Charaer. 
Calyx 5-dentatus, fuperne gibbus. Cor. papilion,acea: alia 
1ongitudine vexilli. Legumen. 
Specific CharaCter and Syn. onyms. 
SOPNORA tetraptera foliis' pinnatis foliolis numerotis 
(7m9) lanceolato-oblongis villofiuli:ulis: 
le uminibus membranaceo-quadrangulis, 
g ß caule 
arboreo. Ait.. Hort. Kew. p. 43. 
SOPHORA tetraptera.  ]oh. Miller ic. tab. x. 
The magnificent and highly curious fpecies of Sophora, 
here reprefented, is one of the many plants difcovered by 
Sir JosEvH BANs at New-Zealand, where it forms a tree of 
a confiderable fize. 
A finer fight can fcarcely be imagined. than a tree of this 
fort, extending to a great breadth on a wall with a weftern 
afpe&, in the Apothecaries Garden at Chelfea, where it was, 
planted by Mr. FousYTu about the year 774, and which at 
this moment (April 28, x79x ) is thickly covered. with large 
pendulous branches of yellow, I had aimoft faid golden flow- 
ers; for they have a p:culiar richnefs, which it is impoffible 
to reprefent in colouring; in the winter care is taken to cover 
it carefully with mats, leaft it fhould fuffer from any extraor- 
dinarily fevere weather. 
It ufually produces a few feed veffels of an uncommon form, 
having four wings, whence its name of tetraptera; from fome 
of the feeds which have ripened in this country plants have 
been raifed, and by thefe the plant is found to be propagated 
with the molt fuccefs; it may alfo be increared by cuttings 
and layers. 
/ 
RIS 
[ .68 ] 
PAVOrIA. P,ACOCX 
IRIS. 
Cla and Order. 
TRIANDRIA /[ON O GYN I A. 
Generic Charac7er. 
.:or. O'petala. inaqualis, Petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus. 
dtigmata petaliformia; cucullato-bilabiata. 
Specific ½harac7er ad Synonyms. 
iRIS pavonia imberbis folio lineari glabro, fcapo fubunifloro. 
L_inn. 8yfl. Fegetab. p. 92. 
We have- our doubts whether the plant here figured be the 
vonia of the Syflema veg'etabilium,. as it does not accord fo 
*ell with the defcription there given, as we could wilh; as 
hch however it has been regarded by tbme here, and it muff 
De allowed to anlver extremely well to the name. 
It is a froall delicate Iris,. about a foot and a half high, with 
rery narrow leaves, bearing on the top of the flalk one or at 
'nor two flowers, three of the petals are large and whi. te, 
vith a brilliant blue fpot at the bale of each,edged on the 
toter fide with deep purple; the delicacy of the flower, and 
h eye-like fpot at the bale of three of the petals, render 
one of the molt ltriking plants of the genus.. 
T ' 
reah..,fig.u.rehere given was drawn from a, plant which flow.- 
 wtll Mellrs. gliV/WOOD and Co. laf[ June, who received 
from Holland, and treat it in the fame way as their Cape 
mlbs, of which country it is faid to be a native. 
it is not mentioned either in Mr. Mzzv,'s Gardener' 
bnary, or the 1tortus Ifevenfis. 
- IxoRA COCClNEA. SCARLET IXORA. 
Cla and Order. 
TETRANDRXA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic CharaCter. 
'er. t-petala, infundibuliformis, 1onga, fupera, Stamina fupra 
faucem. Bacca 4-fperma. 
Specific CharaCter and Synonyms. 
-IXOR A coccinea foliis ovalibus femiainplexicaulibus, floribus 
fafcculaus. Linn. $3fl. Fegetab. ed. 4. Murr. Air. 
Hort. Kew. p. 48. 
JASMINUM indicum,, lauri folio, inodorum umbellatum, 
floribus coccineis. Jluk. alto. x96. t. 59-f- - 
CERASUS zeylanica humilis fylveftris, floribus holofiricei 
intenfe rubris umbellatim congeffis, fru?tibus 
nigtis. Muf.' ZO'I. p.  5- 
ILAMMA SYLVARUM Rumph. Arab. 4. P' ø5' t, 47 ß 
It will. appear llr. ange we prefume, to molt of our reader.s, 
hen they are informed, that the Ia'ora coecinea, a plant at 
prefent 'iri few hands, and which a flort time fince was 
fold in fome of our nurferies for five guineas, lhould have 
been known in this country a hundred years ago; and yet 
Mr. Axxotq, who has fo ßlaudably exerted himfell, in afcer- 
taining the precife period, when molt of the exotics culti- 
vated in the royal garden at Kew firft made their appearance 
in Great-Britain, informs us on very refpe&able authority, 
that this plant was introduced by Mr. BENTC-Iq. in 1690. 
There is every reafon to fuppofe, that this fplendid exotic 
did not long furvive its introdu&ion; on' inquiry, we letrn 
that it was reintroduced about fifteen years ago, by the late 
Dr. JoI Foxse, cii, a name,. to medicine and botany 
ever dear, in whofe rich and magvificent coilcOlon at Upton 
it was firft known to flower; about the fame time, the late 
iMr. Tloau, Nurfervman at Brompton, railed a few 
XOras from foreign feeds]and from thefe (an accident having: 
hfaappened to the plant which was Dr. FOTHERGILL'S) are 
id to have arifen the plants at prefent in this country. 
Botl 
n l1 
Both RuesDs and .Rvrvztttrs defcribe and figure th 
plant in their refpe&ive works, the Hortus Malabaricus and 
H. erbarium 4moinen; it is mentioned alfo by feveral ottter 
authors: from their various accounts we difcover, that i 
different parts of India, where it grows wild, it forms 
{lender fhrub, or tree, about fix feet high,. rifing generall 
with a tingle ftem; that its clufters of flowers, feen from afar, 
are fo brilliant as to refemble a burningscoal, efpecially in a 
dark wood, whence its name of F!amma Silvarum; that 
grows in the woods, and flowers in September and O&obe 
.producing a black fruit, the fize of fmall cherries, on whk 
the peacocks hre fuppofed to feed, and from whence the, 
have obtained the name of Cerafa Pavonina. The Chinef 
call it $antanhoat with them it'produces flowers and frui 
the year through, and they hold the bloffoms in fuch yenera 
tion, as to ufe them in the facrifices they make to their id01 
Ixou% whence Lx.eus has taken the name applied b 
him to this genus. The root is laid to poffefs rome acrimony, 
and to be made ufe of by the natives in curing the tooth. 
CJl. 
It is curiomary in ths country, to treat the lrxora as 
ftove plant; perhaps it may be lefs tender than we are aware 
of; it {lowers in July and Auguft, but has 'not been know 
to produce fruit; is increafed from cuttings, without much 
difficulty. 
Our drawing was taken from a froall but very healthy plant 
in the trove of Mr. WI-IITLIy (late Tuouuur and Wu/rl.s, 
Brompton). 
Lirrmus defcribes, and rome authors figure this plant with 
ipul% which our plant had not not being arrived at an 
age, perhaps, to produce them. 
DP, ABA AlZODES. SENGREEN DRAB'A, 
WITLOW-GRASSo 
Clafi and Order. 
TETRADYN AMA SLCU LoSA- 
Generic Charagler. 
$ilicula integra, ovali-oblonga: valvis planiuœculis, diffepi- 
mento parallelis. Stylus nullus. 
Specific Charac7er Jnd Synonyms. 
DRABA aizoides fcapo nudo fimplici, foliis enfiœormibus 
' carinatis ciliatis. Linn. Syfl. liegetab. ed. Murr. 
37 . _din Hort. Kew. v. g.p. 37 g. 
SEDUM alpinure hirfutu? luteurn. Bauh. Pin. 
LEUCOJUM luteurn aizoides montanum. Col. œcphr. 
p. fin. 
The plant here figured, a native of the German Alps, i' 
ohe of thole whole beauty cannot be fhewn in a froall de- 
tached piece of it; to be admired, it tour be feen in a tuf 
of rome confidetable fize, which it is much difpofed to for 
when growing among rock-work, for which, like many othe 
fmall Alpine plants, it is well fuited; thus elevated above t 
furface of the ground, the various beauties of this' humbl 
race are more diftinly feen, and their curious ftruure more 
readily infpeEted. 
This fpecies is the more to be efieemed, as it flowers very 
early in the fpring, in March, and the beginning of April 
and continues in bloffom about fix weeks. 
Lttus originally confounded it with a T fimilar planet 
the Draba alpina, a miftak½ fince reified in' his Man .. 
Plant. p. 9 . 
E ] 
,_,- .i--. - ..,- - .,-, .i ½-, -,-$- --, -,. -,- v -,-.  
ClaJ3 and Order. 
TR. IAN DII IA M.ONOGYNIA. 
Generic Charartec. 
Or. 6-partira, campanulata, regularis. 8tigmata 
Specific Charagler and ynonyms. 
IXIA cht3tenfis foliis enfiformibus ; floribus remotis,.panieul 
dichotoma,' floribus pedunculatis. Linn. 8p. Pl. v. 
p. 5.. Ait. ttort. Kew. v. 2.. p. 62. 
MORJEA chmen's caule compreffo, foliis enfiformibus, pa- 
nicula dichotoma, floribus pedunculatis. Mutt., 
ß Sift. Vegctab: p. 93- 
In that elaborate and ineftimable work,_ the Hortus Mala-- 
$aricus, we have a good figure of the plant here exhibited, 
accompanied by a minute-defcription; the author informs 
as that it grows fpontaneoufly in India, attaining the height 
yen of five or fix feet, and affe&ing a randy foil; the natives 
:onfider it as an antidote to poifons in general, and regard 
the bruifed root as peculiarly efficacious in curing the bite 
of the ferpent, called Cobra de Copella. 
We railed plants of it laft year from feeds imparted to 
us by J. Issrrsox% Efq. of the Admiralty; this year, during 
the months of Augur and September, many of them have 
{lowered, and caprules are forming which have every appear- 
ince of producing perfek2 feeds; the root of this plant is yellow, 
and tuberous like that of the Iris, the leaves alfo greatly re- 
femble thofe of that tribe, it grows to the height of about three 
feet, and produces a confidecable number of flowers in fuccef- 
fion, each of which is of lhort duration. 
The root and radical leaves as repefented on the plate are 
much fmaller than in plants which have been long eftabliihed. 
Our plants ftood in pots in the open ground through the 
winter of 79o_  without inj.ury, but it muff be remembered,. 
that the weather during that period was uncommonly mild; it 
will be fafeft therefo,re to conrider it as a tender herbaceous 
plant. 
It differs fo much. in its fruk2ification from many other'-s of the 
lenus, that Prof. MutRy has confidered it as a Morea; witk 
hich, in our humble opinion, it has tcarcely any affinity. 
ll 
[ 
LAMIUM ORVALA. BALM- LEAVe. '. 
ARCHANGEL, or DEAD-NETTLE. 
Cla and Order. 
DIDYNAMIA G/MNOSPERMIA- 
Generic Charafter. 
Coroll, e labium fuperius integrum, fornicatum; lab. infer. 
. v. dobum; faux utrinqu%margine dentata. 
Specific Charac7er and Synonyms. 
LAMIUM Orvala foliis cordatis inequaliter arguteque fe, 
ratis, corollis fauce inflata, caulibus coloraris. 
Linn. Syfl. l/egetab. ed. x4. Murr. p. 534- 
LAMIUM maximum fylvaticum alterurn. Bauh. Pii. 3. 
GALEOPSIS maxima pannonica. , Cluff biff. 2. p. 35- 
Hungary Dead-Nttle, or the Dragon Flower. Park. Parad. 
p. 385- 
Few of the plants of this genus have been thought to p0 
fefs' fufficient beauty for the flower-garden, the prefent one 
excepted, the magnificence of whole bloffoms julfly entitle 
it to rank with the more curious, if not the m0ft beautiful 
of the vegetable tribes. 
Though not common in our gardens, it has long been i, 
troduced, having been cultivated and-accurately defcribeu 
though badly figured, by P.RxNSO. in his Parad. terr, 
It grows fpontaneoufly in the woods of Italy and Hungarj 
and [lowers with us about the latter end of April, at whic 
time, if cold winds prevail,' it is-apt to be injured, unlef 
placed in a theltered part of the garden. 
It may be propagated either by feeds, or by parting i 
roots in autumn, is a hardy plant and grows readily. 
m illllJlllHIIBill I 
AZTONIA CAPENSIS. CAPE AITONIA. 
.-, 
½1 nd Order. 
MONADELPHIA OCTANDRIAo 
Generic Charac7er. 
Monogyna. Cal. 4-partitus. Cor. ,i-petala. 
acca ticca, 4-angularis, -1ocularis, polyfperma. 
Specifiq CharaIer and Synonyms. 
AITONIA Capentis. Linn. Suppl, aPl. p. 808. Linn. 
Fegetab.'ed. 4. Mutt. p. 6.. 
COTYLEDON foliis linearibus, dore quadrifido, frue2u 
fubrotundo. œurm. Afric. 58' t. 
This genus, of which there is only one known fpecies, has 
been named by-the younger Lxxqxq.ts, in honour of Mr. 
WILLI,M AXTOXq, author of the Hortus Kewenfis, and Bo- 
tanic Gardener to his Majefty. The great length of time 
Mr. AixoN has been engaged in the cultivation of plants, 
he immenfe numbers which have been the conRant obje&s 
)f his care through every period of their growth, joined to 
.ils fuperior difcernment, give him a decided fuperiority in 
the pimafacie knowledge of living plants over molt Botanifts 
of the prefent da?; his abilities in the other line of his pro- 
fedion, are difplayed in the eulogies of all who have feen 
,he royal colle6tion at Kew, which he has the honour to 
[uperintend. 
The AitOnia is a native of the Cape, and was introduced 
by'Mr. M..sox,;, in t. he year 774- 
ß It is a green-houfe flurub of flow growth, feldom exceed- 
g three feet in height; producine, when of fufficient age, 
nowers and fruit through molt oil'the year 
larg_.e dry angular berry, of a fine red colour. 
)r?Ur drawing was made from a very fine plant, formerly 
Føxa..'s, now in the colle&ion of Meffrs. Gx- 
,o and'Co.. Kenlington. 
It is only to be railed from feeds, which are fparingly pro- 
iced in this country. 
* Mr, A. wa,s a pupil of the celebrated Mr. 
. d ' :co e. Ce cent. 
BUDDLEACLOBOSA' ROUND-HEADED 
BUDDLA. 
Cla and Order. 
TzTaAsi)az, Mosocvxa. 
Generic Charac7er. , 
Ca/. 4-fidus. Cot. 4-fida. Stamina ex incifuris. 
Cap./. ,.-fulca, *Aocularis, polyfperma. 
Specific Charaeler and Synonyms, 
BUDDLEA, globofa foliis lanceolatis, capitulis folitariis. ,,tit. 
Hort. Kew. p. x5o. //. 
BUDLEJA glo$ofa. Hope in 
4x 7. t. 
PALQUIN Feuil. it. 8. P' 5 
Mr, AnAM BUnDLe, in honour of whom the prefent genus 
has been originally named by Dr. Housxo, was an ingeni- 
ous Englilh Botanift, cotemporary with, and the friend of 
Pzxvx; his name is often mentioned in the Synopfis of 
Mr. RAy and his Hortus 8iccus, or dried cotle&ion of Britilh 
plants, preferveal in the Britifn Mufeum, frill reforted to in 
doubtful cafes. 
The prefent fpecies not enumerated either by Lx s ,-.u s or 
M.x.z% is a native of Chili, and according to the Hort. Kew. 
.as introduced by Meffrs. K.:s,nv and L,,, in x774. 
It has been cuftomary, in confideration of its native place 
'of growth, to treat it here as a green-houfe plant, for which 
'ituation it foon becomes unfit from its magnitude; fome have 
tentured to plant it in the open borders in warm theltered 
ituations, where it has been found to fi:cceed very well, pro- 
-ucing its beautiful yellow bidfloras in abundance; care muff 
- taken, however, to guard it carefully from revere froRs, 
ß hich are apt to deftroy it. 
ß t flOWers in May and June, ad is ufually propagated by 
cuttings or layers. 
,1:, ,' "'111111111ilIHIIII 
KALMIA 
LATIFOLIAo BRo AD-LEAv' 
Ch ad Order. 
DcANDRIA MONOGYNIAo 
Generic Charabler. 
Calyx 5-par. titus. Cor. hypocrateriformis: limbo fubtus quin. 
quecorn:. Cap_fi 5-1ocularis. 
Specific Charabler and Synonyms, 
KALMIA latlia foliis ovato-ellipticis ternis fparfifque, co- 
rymbis terminalibus. Linn. Syfl. Fegetab. p. 
ed. 4. Murr. .,lit. to. rt. Kew. F. v.. p. 64. 
ANDROMEDA foliis ovatis obtufis, corollis corymbofis 
infundibuliformis, genitalibus declinatis. 
Fl. t4'rg'. x 60. 
CHAMADAPHNE foliis tini, floribus bullatis. Cater, 
CarJ  . t. 98. 
CISTUS chamerhododendros Mariana laurifolia,. floribus 
expands, fummo ramulo in umbellam plurimis, 
Pluck. mant. 49' t. 379'f' 6. The common Laurel, 
vulgarly called Ivy. 
Profeffor KALI (in honour of whom LINNmUs, as before 
has been obferved, named this genus of plants) in his travels 
into North-America, publifled in Englilh by Mr. FogsWzR, 
relates that he found this fp&cies in various provinces of that 
extenfive continent, as Penfylvania, New-Jerfey, and Nev- 
York, growing'moR commonly on the fides of hills, romeo 
times in woods; that it flourHhed moR on the northern 
fides of the hills, efpeially where they were interfered b 
ß 1 ts- he obferves, that when all the other trees had 
rlVU e ; - - ' -ure O! 
'r ornaments this enlivened tlae woods by the veru . 
thel ,  ß ered 
its foliage, and that about the month of May, it was coy 
vith a profufion of bloffoms of unrivalled beauty'. 
[ 276 ] 
CYTISUS LABURNUMo COMMON LABURNUM, 
Cla and Order. 
DIAfiLPHIA DCANDRIA. 
Cd. -labiatus  . eue ba attenuatum. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms.' 
CYTISUS Zabumum racemisfimplicibus penduli, foliolis 
ovato-obtongis. Linn. Syfl. Feg. p. fi. ed. 
Murr. it. Hort. Kew. F. 3. P. 
LABURNUM arbor trifolia anagyridi fimil. Bauh. h. 
LABURNUM. Beane Trefoile. Park. Parad. p. 438. 
Of the Laburnum, our nurferies afford two principal va-. 
tieties, the broad and narrow-leav'd; the latter (which is the 
one here figured) Mr. Mxt, Lx was induced to make a fpecies 
of under the name of alpinure; it-certainly differs very ma- 
terially from the broad-leav'd one, yet is molt probably only 
a feminal variety; the Laburnum figured in its wild Rate by 
Profeflbr JAC2UXN, in his Flora Aufiriaca, has'much broader 
leaves than ours, no mention is made by him of its being 
fubje to vary. 
Both MxLv and H^Nvr¾ recommend the Laburnum' 
to be cultivated not only as an ornamental but as a timber 
tree, the wood having a very clofe grain, a good colour, and 
bearing a high polith; * they urge in its favour, that it is very 
hardy, a quick grower, and one that will thrive in almolt 
any foil; the latter fays, it will become a timber tree ofrnor½ 
than a yard in girt: whatever fuccefs may attend its cultiva- 
tion for the more ufeful purpofes, as a hardy, deciduous, 
ornamental tree, it has long been the pride of our thrubberies 
and plantations. 
It bloffoms in Ma), and is ufually very produive of feeds 
by which it may be propagated molt readily. 
Ilares and rabbits being fond of its bark, .do great damage 
to plantations of Laburnum, efpecially in fevere weather; 
remember fomewhere to have read, that thefe animals will not 
touch a tree if foot has been placed about it; perhaps, a circle 
drawn round thebafe of the tree with the new coal ta% whirl 
has a powerful fmell of long duration might keep off thd: 
noxious animals. 
ß MATTHIOLUS long fince noticed the excellence of this wood, and fpeaks 
of it as being particularly ufed for making the heft kind of bows: are our 
.ern To:opholites acquainted with thi circusfrance ? 
! 
. !e Profeffor does not mention the preciœe height which 
Ie had obferved thefe trees to attain in North-America, but 
7ident that they acquire a confiderable thickhers, as the 
i,gd of the root as well as the body of the tree is manu- 
aSured ito various utenfils by the natives, and by the 
,dians into fpoons. i_n particular, whence it has obtained the 
,ame of the 'Spoon ree. 
The leaves have been found to prove poifonous to kine, 
hoffes, and Paeep, but the deer are obferved to broufe on 
,aem with impunity. 
Pz?.a COLLXsox% Efq. who was highly inftrumental in 
enriching this country with 'the native plants of North- 
America, is faid.to have introduced this elegant fpecies 
about the. year x734. 
With us it fucceeds belt when planted with a northern 
"'le, well Paelte/ed, in a foil compofed of loam and bog 
mh, in a fituation moderately moifi, where the air is per- 
ely pure. 
Being with difficulty propagated by fuckers or layers, it is 
n0ft commonly? raifed fioom 4roerican feeds. 
[ ] 
KALMIA GLAUCA. GLAUCOUS KALMIA. 
Specific Chara7er and Synonyms. 
[ALMIA glauca fbliis oppofitis oblongis lavigatis, fubtus 
glaucis, margine revolutis, corymbis terminalibus, 
ramulis ancipitibus. Iit. Hort. I&w. 1/. . p. .. 
tab. 8. 
'':s fpecies (much inferior in fize to the latilia, ,as it 
'! exceeds two feet in height) is a native of Newfound- 
"', where it was difcovered by Sir Joseva BANIS, Bart. 
d b.y him introduced to this country in the year 767 . 
!ofcourfe not defcribed by Mr. MLLEX, nor is it 
.ned. in the 4th edition of L N   U S'S Sift. 1leg'crab. by 
hf .1I. URRA¾; in theHort. I&w. of Mr. Axoa, it is 
cCnbed and figured. 
t flowers in April and May, is propagated in the fame 
r and requires the fame treatment as the latf/blia. 
n,j, ml[llllU in Ill',][][lfi]l[ m[][ 
HYPERICUM 
Generic Chara7er. 
CaL $-phyllus. œetala 5' Negl. o. Capfula. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms, 
HYPERICUM Coris florilus trigynis, calycibus ferrat0- 
glandulofis, foliis fubverticillatis. 
Syfl. Veget. ed. x4. Murr. œ. 7o. 
CORIS lutea. Bauh, pin. 8o. 
CORIS legitima, Erice 'fimilis. Hon. Belli, ep. x. ad Cll. 
Chœœ op. F. x. p. 
CORIS. Mattbioli 939' 
There is an elegance and eatnefs in moR of this tribe, 
none poffefs thole qualities in a greater degree than the 
lent fpecies, which is a charming little evergreen, admira 
adapted for the greenhoufe, as it, forms a pretty bulb, 
flowers during moR.of the rummet. 
 It grows fpontaneoufly in the South of Europe, and m 
s, in his epiltl 
parts of the Levant; HONORIUS Bv..zu 
Cusxus [vid. Cluf. op.) defcribes it as growing on the 
parts of the ifiand of Crete. 
Mr. Lv.% of Hammerfmith, received i[ abot four 
fince from the Crimea. 
It is pr. opagated by cttings 
,ll'llqil,llil! Iliiijl I 
FUMARIA GLAUCA. GLAUCOUS FUMITORy 
ClaJ and Order. 
DIADELPHIA HEXANDRIA. 
Generic Charagler. 
CaL diphyllus. Cot. tingens. Filamenta 2, membranacea, 
fingu, la ,'intheris 3' 
Specific Charagler and Synonyms. 
FUMARIA J?mpervirens filiquis linearibus paniculatis, caule 
ere&o. Linn. Sp. œL F. 2. p. 984 . S),fl. Fegeta& 
ed. x4. Mutt. p..837. Ait. Hort. Kew. F. 3' 
Baftard Fumitory. Mill. DitL ed. 6. 4to. 
FUMARIA filiquofa fempervirens. 6brn. Canad. 57' t. 57' 
The term J?mpervirens applied to this plant by Ltt,vs 
originated in the defcription given of it by CORNUTVS; 
(vid. Syn.) the impropriety of calling an annual plant (for 
fuch it undoubtedly is with us, and muff be in Canada, its 
native plate of growth) an evergreen, has appeared to us 
too glaring to be continued; we have thought the proro- 
tion of the fcience required a change in the name, and have 
therefore altered it to that of glhuca, as coinciding with the 
Eng!iJh name of glaucous, given it by Mr. AXTON in his 
Hortus Kewenfis; for to the delicate, pleating, glaucous hue 
of its foliage, it owes its beauty, as much as to the lively 
colours of its bloffoms. 
It is a hardy annual, coming up fpontaneoufly in the open 
border where it has once flowered and fee&d, and fometimes 
reaching the height of two feet. 
It flowers from June to September. 
Mr. ATot informs us of its having been cultivated by 
Mr. JAES SUTHERLAND in the year x683. Strage! th; 
it flould yet. be a rarity in our gardens. 
i 
kZALEA NUDIFLORA Za?'. COCCINEA. 
SCARLET AZALEA. 
CIs and Order. 
PENTANDRI_ MONOGYN IA. 
Generic Charaer. 
ampanulata. Stamina receptaculo infea, Caf x-1ocularis. 
3pecc Charaer and 
tZALEA uudora foliis ovails, corollis pilofis, aminibus 
!ongimis. Lieu. 3yf. Fegeta& ed. 4. Mutt. 
 98. it. Hort. >w. F. 
iTUS virginiana, periclymeni flore ampliori minus odorato. 
Pluck. Maut. 49. 
nether the variety of the Azalea nudiflora here figured, 
ginally introduced to this country by Mrs. NoRM^ 
romlej/ in Kent, or Mr. Bwicr of Clapham in 
(both celebrated for their colic&ions of American 
we cannot with certainty affert; true it is, the Azalea 
a was little known here till the fale of Mr. BEw.c's 
.o m 7.2; a confiderable number of there fhrubs formed 
"hoicefL part of that colic&ion, and fold at high prices, 
of them produced twenty guineas: prior to this period, 
r. Bswc had prefented one of the thm'e fort of fhrubs to 
r. Tuosu, the fruits of whofe fidll and afliduous care in 
fitivation of American plants are apparent in his late 
"v at Brompton, now Mr. W}x.E¾'s, and from the 
e of which plant our figure was taken. 
: original fpegies, found abundantly in the more louthem 
of NorthsAmerica, was introduced, according to Mr. 
'zq'saccount, by PETER COLLINSO]N, Efq. about the 
i[liancy of colour and a hap, combination of form 
m renderin the va ' rJ , 
  _, . g nety here figured, one of the moll 
r'[ sJrn.,natu. r.e :?et it wants the fragrance o[ fome 
e .... m me vcoJa. 
.... rs in June and continues in bloffom about three 
,.requires a/heltered but not too fhady a fituation; 
 rtr, than moifL, and a tbil' cornpored of loam and bog 
or rotten leaves. 
[ual mode of propagating it is by layers; care mull 
 not to remove the ot}pring too loon fro,n the mother 
THE 
Flower-Garden Difplayed: 
IN WHICH 
The molt Ornan3ental FoaicN PtANTS, cultivated in the 
Open Ground, the Green-Houfe, and the Stove; are ac- 
curately reprOrented in their natural Colours. 
TO WHICH ARE ADDED 
Their Names, Clafs, Order, Generic and Specific Chara&ers, according 
ß o the celebrated Lmus; their Places of Growth, and 
Times of Flowering: 
THE MOST APPROVED METHODS OF CULTURE. 
A W 'O R K 
_atearea for the Ufe of fuch Lams, GTLt, md Gax'tts,  
i to become fcientifically acquainted with the Plants they cultivate. 
WILL IA M CUR TIS, 
Author of the FLoa- LoNx)INsIs. 
V 0 L. VI. 
..... c, nor thou difdain 
'he lawlefs riot of the trees, 
grove: or turn tile barren mould. 
whom, when his years decline, 
and him fame by worthy means 
ß tual to his mod'tate mind; 
v'd by all the wife and good, 
v the vain) the peaceful groYe$ 
am this lormy world, 
i; ofallungrateful coxes 
d fatred from the felfilh crowd. 
ncnl ifth fame foil invites 
fgw campsalons o f his youth  
Once fellow-rakes perhaps now rural friends; 
With whom in eafy commerccto purfue 
Igature's free charms, and vie for .ylvan fame 
A fair ambition; void ofllrife, or gull% 
Or jealoufy, or pain to be outdone. 
Who plans th' enchanted garden, who 
ne vilo belt, and bell condu}s the firearn; 
Whole grOves the fallell thicken, and arcend 
hom firll the welcome fpring falutes; who thews, 
Whe carlJell bloom, the fxeetell proudell charms 
Of Plots; xho bell gives Pomona's:juice 
To.match the fprightly genius of Champsin." 
ARIISTROIC., 
L O iV D O 
PRINTED .BY STEPHEN COUCHMAN, 
-r W. CURTIS, N ø 3, St. George's-Creent, Black-FriaJs-Road; 
Sold by the principal Beokfellers in Great-Britain and Ireland. 
Id DCC XCIII. 
li! llll[iiiil ' ,, ,,11,11111, l ! 
[ ] 
COLUTEA'RUTESCENS- SCARLET P)LADBE 
SENNA. 
Cla and. Order. 
DIADELHIA DECANDRIA 
Generic Charagter. 
CaL 5-fidus. Leœumen inflatum, bari fuperiote dehiœcens. 
Specific Chara.er and Synonyms. 
COLUTEA frute,en? fruticoFa, foliolis ovato-oblongis. L," 
6),fl. I/egetab. ed. x4. Murr. p. 668. Zit. 
Ifew. I/. 3' P' 56- Mill. Icon. 99' 
COLUTEA athiopica, flore purpureo. œreyn. Cent. 7 
Of the feveral fpecies of Colutea cultivated in our gat& 
the one here figured, is diftinguifhed by the brilliancy o[ 
flowers, the largenefs of its pods, "and the downy appearan 
of the under fide of its leaves. 
It appears from the Horlus Kewenfis to have been cultiv' 
b Mr. JAMES SUTHERLAND as long fince as the year  
it was not however generally introduced to our gardens I 
the time of M  z L E R, who figured it in his Icones, n was 
underR0od to be an Ethiopian plant; Mr. AToN fince t 
fcribes it as a native of the Cape alfo; of courfe, we fin 
more tender than moft of its kindred, and hence it is uf 
regarded as a greenhoufe plant i ,yet, as it is not deftroye 
a fmall degree of froft, it will frequently, like the my. 
furvive a mild winter in the open border, efpecially if tra 
to a wall: it is rarely of more than two or three 
duration. 
I is readily railed from feeds fown in the open.gr.0 
plants from which flower the Auguft following, and, m 
yourable feafons, ripen their feeds; in order, however, 
they may ripen them with move certainty, MzL, rec0 
mends the fowing them early on a gentle hot-bed. 
A dry foil fuits this fpecies belt.. 
, 
,/ - 
dl 
AURE^. GOLDEN 
_$.¾.-$.-$. 4+ ß + - ß - -$-4,$  
Cls and Order. 
)ECAN DRI A MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Charaer. 
inmq0alis. Filameeta tranfveffe pedicello axa, 
Specffc Charaer and Synonyms. 
CALVIA aurea foliis fubrotudis integerrimis, bari truncati 
dentatis. Linn. Syfl. Feget. M. . Murr. p. 7 
it. Hort. Kew. F. - P. 5' 
eALVIA fricana frutefcens folio fubrotunfio glauco, flore 
magno aureo. Comm. Hort. . 88. t. 9. . .. 
Such as are delighted with he fingular rather than the 
beautiful appearances of plants, cannot fail of ranking the 
pre[ent fpecies o[ fage among their favourites. 
It h been called au?ea, from the colour of its flowers, 
erruginea would perhaps have been more expreve of them  
hen they fir open indeed they are of a yellow colour, but 
hey quickly and conantly become of the colour of ruby iron. 
 e leaves are nearlyround, and have a pleating illvery 
hue; a few o[ them only and thole chiefly at the extremities 
o the young oots, are of the form defcribed by Leu 
n his fpecific charaer of the plant, and hence Co's 
4ecript on (vM. Syn.) is to be ,preferred, as leading us with 
more ce. tainty to  knowledge of [he plant; the colour off 
the leaves, he colour and unufual magnitude of the bloffoms 
re indifputably the mo riking features of the fpeies, and 
therefore to be reforted to: for my own part, as a friend to 
the advancement of the fcience, rather than as the follower 
o this or that great man, I fee no good teafort why colour 
ß ould not in many iuances, efpecially where expreve 
'araers are wanting, form a part of the fpecific charaer 
n plants, as well. as in animals: we are told indeed of its 
nconancy. I would aticawho ever law the colour of the 
'.aves or bloffoms o[ the prefent plant to vary ? and, on the 
ntrary, who ever faw its leaves con,ant in their form ? 
The Salvia aurea is a native of the Cape, and was culti- 
vated by Mr. M in 73x, it is a hardy greenhoufe 
plant, is readily propagated by cuttings, and flowers from 
ay to November. 
I[fuffered to grow' it ill become a rub o[ the height 
o[ fix or feven feet. 
[ 83 
8YRINGA VULGARIS. 
E'or. 4-fida. 
COMMON LILAC. 
Cla and Order. 
I)t NI)R MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Charac7er. 
Capfula bilocularis. 
Specific CharaIer and Synonyms, 
$YRINGA vulgaris foliis ovato-cordatis integris. Linn. Syfl. 
l/eget. ed. x4. Murr. p. 57' lil. Hort, Kew. F. 1. 
P' *5- 
$YRINGA /:erulea, Bauh. Pin. 
LILAC five Syringa caerulea. .._ 
The blew Pipe tree. Park. Parad. p. 4o7 ß 
' Few fl.rubs are better known in this country than the L, ilac.  
few more univerfally cultivated; there is fcarcely a cottage 
does not enliven, or a flrubbery it does not beautify. 
It has long had a place in our gardens; both G.vAv, an 
PARXXqSON defcribe two forts, the blue and the white; tc 
thefe another fort is added by more modern writers, fuperim 
in beauty to the original, as producing large bunches 
flowers, of a brighter hue, having more of the purple tint 
and hence called by fome the purple Lilac. M[ con- 
riders the three as different fpecies. 
The flowers of the Lilac poffefs a confiderable degree 
fragrance, but not of the mo agreeable kind; our readers. 
perhaps, will not be difpleafed to hear the opinion of o1 
G, on this point, delivered in his on words :" The3 
"have a pleafant fweete froell, but in my judgement the5 
"are too fweete, troubling and moleing the head in vet) 
,* range manner: 1 once gathered the flowers, and laid them 
*' in my chamber window, hich fmelled more rongly arm 
"they had lien together a few howers, wi& fuch a ponticke 
' and unacquainted favor, that they awaked me from fleepe: 
"fo that I could not take any re until I had car them 
"of my chamber." 
Though a native of Perfiai it bears our fevere xvinter 
ithout injury, has a pleating appearance when in bud, fiower 
in May, find is readily' propagated by fuckers; bt fine 
plants, in the opinion of Mxna, are railed from feeds. 
It Will grow in almo any foil or fituafion even in London, 
but, to flower xvell, it tour have a pure 'air. 
* The name, indeed, qf one of our colours h taken from its bloffoms. 
. , ,/_ . /. ( 
' PI1'!I 
!XA CROCATA. 
SAFFRON-CoLoUR'D IXlt, 
Cla and Order. 
TRIANDIA MONOGYlq IAo 
Generic CharaCTer. 
Cor. 6-partira, campanulata, regularis. '$tigmata $. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms: 
1XIA troeata foliis enfiformibus, floribus fecundis c0ffi 
bari hyalino-feneftratis. hunb. Diff. de Ixia. 
$yfi. Feg'. ed. 14. Murr. p. 85. 
IXIA erocata foliis enfiformibus, floribus alternis, tub0 
gitudine bra&earum, corolle laminis ovatis inte 
rimis bari hyalinis. Zit. Hort. Kew. p. 60. V. 
IXIA planifolia, caule multifloro fpatha breviflima. 
Ic. x6o. t. 39-f- 
To the Cape of Good Hope, that never-failing fore 
rare and beautiful plahts, we are indebted for mot 0. 
Ixias, and among others for the prefent fpecies, which tla0 
not of that value, nor poffeffing the delicacy or fragran- 
the bloffoms of fome others, is a very &firable plan 
only as an obje& of curiofity, from the tranfpare.n..c.Y 0, 
baf'e of the corolla, but as it adds much to the bnllan-j 
a colle&ion, is eafily obtained, and as eafily propagated. 
It flowers in May and June,. bur its flowering 
prolonged by putting its bbs into pots at different 
or accelerated by artificial heat. 
It produces offsets more plentifully than many 0 
genus. 
' Mr. AxTo  informs us that it was cultivated by Mr. 1 
in x758, who figures it in his ]cones. 
ß ._ 
/' 
CORONILLA. 
_ 
DADELPHA DEcAN DR'.A- 
Generic CharaCter. 
Cal. o. 4abiatus: : dentibus fuperioribus connati& FexiIlu 
vix alis 1ongius. Legumen ifthmis intercepturn. 
Specific' CharacTer and Synonyms. 
CORONILLA valentina fruticol'a foliolis fubnovenis, t 
pulis fuborbiculatis. Linn. S)fl. l/eœetab.. : 
x4. Murr. p. 669. it. Hort. Kew. F. 3' P' 58' 
POLYGALA valentina. Cluf. biff. pL far. p. 98. fig'. inf. . 
The Coronilla valentina comes very near to the glauca already 
figured i-n this work, but may be diftinguifhed by a little at 
tention; the valentina has fmaller leaves, which are-more n 
merous, and more truly glaucous; the tfipula, which in 
glauca are froall, narrow, and pointed, in the valentina are 
laree,' and altooft round, and in the young plant are ftrikingly 
cofticuous; as the plant comes into flower, they drop off; 
he alentina is not fo much difpofed to flower the year through 
ß S 
as the glauca, but produce its bloffom.s chiefly in May, June, 
and July; the flowers of the glauca are obferved to froell 
more ftrongly in the day-time, thole .of the valentina at 
times diffuife a very powerful odour, fo as even to feent atina'. 
greenhoufe; we have often been ainu,fed with hearing the 
ferent opinions entertained of this fro-ell, rome fpeaking 
in terms of ralture, others ready to faint when they approa, 
' : e flowers of the valentina are more difpofd to prod. 
]?teedt_heffels than thole of the g!auca, the feeds of vhich ufual 
ripen well; and afford the means of increaring the pl. ant m 
readily. To have a fucceftion of froall handrome buthy plan' 
for the greenhoufe, the old ones muff either be frequent 
cut down, or young ones railed from feed, or cutungs, 
liems as they grow up fiecoming naked at bottom. 
It is a hardy greenh6fe plant, and may be kept well enOUb 
through the ,vinter in a. common hot-bed frame,. or plant, 
againft a fouth wall, and matted as myrtles ufually ere 
fuch fituations; we have known the glauca, treated in this... 
prove a charming ornament. ß 
ß ative of S ain, rowing, as CvsxVs.nføeri]l; 
It s a n . P g ß ',es---" 
by road-fides, n fandy places, and on the dechvlt. /, 
Cultivated here in 656, by J. Taagsct,, jun. 
II 
Cla and Order. 
Generic Charaer. 
5.fidus. Cot. tubus capillaris; 'limbus fubaqualis. Sero. '. 
Specie Charaer and Synonyms. 
foliis 
_ r;;o robllinis ovatis terminalibis, Stirp. 
ELAGO ovmu , 
fparfis lineaibus, caule fruticofo. L'Hert. 
nov. tom. . t. 33- it. Hort. Kew. F. . p. 355- 
IPPIA ovata capitulis ovatis, foliis linearibus integerrimis- 
Linn. Mant. p. 
N,ts i'n his Manliff.a has fcymewhat largely defcribed 
 plant under the name of Lippia ovata, evidently {Yore a 
4ed fpecimen, which may account for the flowers being 
r ribed of a dark violet colour; he recommends it to fuch- 
might have an opportunity of feeing the living. plant, to 
,Dfe e if it was not referable to rome other genus; accord- 
ngly MonL L'H,v. ER, who,. when lately in England, faw 
in flower in the royal garden at Kew, joined it to the 
ß nus $elago, retaining the trivial name of ovata, brat7,eata 
,oukl perhaps have been a better name; for though its ovate 
"tlorefcence may be pecd'_iar to the fpecies, its bra&ea or 
qral leave are .fo very fingular that they conttitute the moil 
ominent feature of the. plant. . 
Mr. Aixos informs us, that it was introduced to the royal 
,rden a-t Kew, from the Cape, by Mr. M,sso, in x774. 
It recommends itfelf not fo much on account of its beauty, 
'o[ the cu. rious ttruaure of its {lowering fpikes, and the 
fragrance of its bloffoms. 
It is a greenhoufe plant, and {lowers during molt of the 
miner; it. bloffoms-are white with a eellow fpot on the two 
ppermott, and fometimes on all the fegments of the corolla; 
,nd an orange fpot at the mouth of the tube. 
I propagated by cuttings. 
Generic ½harafler. 
Cor. 6-petala, inaqualis, petalis alternis geniculato-patentibus. 
Stigmata petaliformia cucullato-bilabiata. Thunb.' Diff. d, 
Iride. 
Specific Charafler and Synonyms. 
IRIS fambucina b/trbata, foliis enfiformibus glabris ereeli 
brevioribus fcapo multifiord, petalis deflexis t, lan 
Linn. Sift. I/egetab. ed.  4. _Murr. ff'hunb. loc. tit. n. w 
/lit. HorL Kew. v. 2. p. 6 9. 
IRIS latifolia germanica, fambuci odore. Bauh. Pin. 3.. 
IRIS Camerarii five purpurea verficolor major. The great½' 
variable coloured purple Flower-de-Luce. Park. œ 
p. xBt. 
This fpecies .of Iris, faid to be a native of' the South 
Europe, derives its name from the froell of its flowers, wh' 
very much refembles that of elder' in bloom. 
It is one of the talleft and handfomeff of the genus, 
rich moiff foil acquiring the height of three feet or more; 
is therefore more proper for the thrubbery than the fiowC 
garden. 
It flowers about the latter end of May, and is readily i 
creafed by parting its roots in autun. n. 
The Iris of P,RxNs0, referred to in the fynonymS," 
cords fo exactly 'with 'our plant, in every circumftanCe 
fmell, which is not mentioned, that we have no doubt b- 
was cultivated in our gardens in his time. 
,\ 
[ ] 
CONVOLVULUS NL. AzuRE CONVO.LYULUS- 
_ 
ClaJ3 and Order. 
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIAo 
Generic Chara7er. 
Cot. campanulata, plicata. $tigmata . Capf. -1oculari's: 
1oculis difpermis. 
Specific Chara7er and Synonyms. 
coNVOLVULUS _Nil œoliis cordatis trilobis, corollis femi- 
quinquefidis, pedunculis petiolo bre- 
vioribus. Linn. Syfl. Feg. ed. f 4. Mutt. 
p. o 9. _/lit. Hort. Kew. v. i. p. o9- 
coNvoLVULUS ceruleus hederaceo anguloœo folio. Batlb. 
Pin. p. 95' 
NIL Arab.- GJf. hot. Eyfi. 
CONVOLVULU.S Ceruleus. Blew Bindweed. Get. Herb. 
715' cure ic. 
CONVOLVULUS trifolius five hederaceus purpureus. The 
greater purple. Bindeweede or Bell- 
flower with cornered leaves. Park. 
Parad. Pl. 8fix. fig. . 
All' our writers, on exotic botany treat oœ this plant, 
R^aD, one of the firPt, gives us the œollowing account: 
This beautiful Bindweed, which we call Convolvulus Geru 
teus, is called of the Arabians Nil.' oœ $era?io, Hab al nil, 
about Alepo and Tripolis in Syria, the inhabitants call it 
Hafmin, the Italians Camparia azurea, of the beautifuil azured 
flo,'ers, and alfo Flor de notte, bicaufe his beautie appeereth 
mo in the night :" he informs us, that it grew in his garde.n, 
,utperilhed before it .'pened its feeds. paso fays, 
thrives remarkably well in our country, if'the year be any 
"g kindly: Mzza informs us, that it is a native oœ Africa 
 America, extols it as one of the molt beautiful of the 
; obferves, that it is a very diltina fpecies from 'the 
-'purea, of which it has been contidered by rome as a variety; 
hat it will grow to the height of eight or ten feet, that in 
-.'ourable feafons the feeds will ripen in the open air, and 
'hat it requires the. fame treatment as other ,nnuals ufually 
filed on a hot-bed. Mr. Axoxq confiders it as aptove planb 
as indeed molt of our tender annuals proper? are. 
It flowers œrom July to September. 
ThoUgh apparently common in our gardens formerly, it is 
w.very rarely met with, 
,ll I 
II, 
HEATH. 
OTANDRIA MONOGY IA. 
Generic Cbara.er. 
CaL 4-phyllus. Cot. 4-fids. Filaments receptaculo inferta, 
'nther bifid. Capri 4-1ocularis. - 
Seec Cham and Synonyms. 
ERIGA grandra antheris muticis exfertis, corollis cylindra. 
ceis fuhincurvis glabfis, ffylo eloato, floribus axil- 
 laribus peduncultis foliis fubfenis acemils glabris. 
it. Hrt. Kew. vd, $. p. 5' 
ERIGA grandra foliis quaternis, flylo exfert corolla cy, 
lindrica, calyce fimplici, floribus lateralibus fuh. 
curvatis. Zinn. 8uL PI. . 
The Erica here figured, is one of the many new and beau- 
tiful fpecies, which within there few years have been lent from 
the Cape by Mr. Massos', and which have contributed fo 
greatly to enrich the royal garden at Kew. 
The defeription given of the grandifiora in the Suppl. Plant. 
accords fo ill with our plant, that xve /hould be led to con- 
rider it as another fpecies, did not the refpefable authority 
of the Hortus Kewenfis filence all doubts on that head. 
The bloffom; of this fpecies, whether we regard their mag; 
nitude, their colour their fmooth and gloffy furface, or the 
regular pofition of the filaments, proje&ing beyond the co- 
rolla, and clofing together by the anthera,, excite our notice, 
and claim our admiration. 
Lik every other heath, the hardy ones excepted, it is a 
greenhoufe plant, and flowers from May to July. 
. Our drawing was made from a plant finels/ blown, in the 
'hoice colle&ion ofJ.,,s Vz, Efq. Kenfington-Gore. 
[ 9 o 
ORNITHOGALUM AUREUM. GOLDEN 
O R N IT HO GAL U M. 
Cla  0. 
EXANDKIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic 
C. 6-petala, erea, per'{tens, fpra medium patens. 
media altcrna ba dilatata. 
ORNITHOGALUM greum {oliis ovato-lanceolatis, albo- 
marginaris, floribu racemos con- 
{er[is, lamentis neario emarginato 
inAdcnfibus. 
We have bellowed on this plant the name of auraurn, from 
ß the colour of its blotthins, which are ufually of a bright orange 
or gold colour; in tome fpecimens we have obferved them of 
a paler hue, and confequently lets beautiful. 
This highly ornamental fpecies is of modern introduc'2ion, 
having been received by Meff. L and KENNEDY, a few 
years fince from the Cape, of which it is a native.. 
The root is a whitilh bulb, refembling in fize and fhape that 
of the Lachenalia tricolor, figured on plate 82 of this work, 
from whence fpring three or four fmooth, tomewhat flethy, 
upright, dark-green leaves, about' half an inch wide, and 
three or four inches long, edged with white, and, if magnified, 
appearing fringed with very fine hairs'or villi; the i[alk is 
naked, from eight to twelve inches high, fupporting many 
flowers, which fpring from the ale of large, hollow, pointed 
bra&ee, and wh,ich opening one after another, keep the plant 
a confiderable time in flower; according to Lr4,vs's ge- 
neric chara&er, every other filament fhould_be dilated at the 
bate, in the prefent fpecies each filament is to, or rather fits 
as it were on a white glandular ne&ary,. emarginated on the 
infide, and highly deferving of notice. 
In the greenhoufe, where this plant has hitherto been kept, 
its bloffoms come forth as early as January and February, and 
continue for feveral months;. they will long dilllay their 
b_auty, if the llem be cut off and put in a phial of water. 
It is propagated by offsets from its bulbs, and has the appear- 
ance of being a plant of kindly growth and eafy manaseme"t. 
PRIMULA MARGI NATA. SI'L VER. 
C/a J3 and Order. 
-- E N..TAIq D R I A 
Generic CharaVer. 
PR1MULA 
Specific Charaler and. Synonymsø, 
marginata foliis obovai:is. ferrato-dentatii albb 
marginads, fcapo multifloro, involucri foliolis 
pedunculis brevioribus. 
There is no diculty in.determining. the Britilh plants ot 
this genus, but much in afcertai.ning many of the foreign ones: 
Profeffor JtcouxN has taken' great pains to elucidate them in 
his MlgeL 4IuJYr. where-fifteen are fpecifically defcribed, ,none 
of w.h]ch a.ccord exa.ly with the plant here figtired, which has 
every appearance of being a diflin-fpecies: in the Hortus 
J(vwenfis it is-defcribed as the glutinofa of the Flora Auriac,. 
with which it agrees in many refpefi':ts,. but fpecimens lent from 
Vienna-lhew it to be a different plant; in its farinaeeous ten- 
dency it accords with the. Primu/a Auricula, but is very tinlike 
that. plant fis it is figured in its wild Rate by Prof. 
in the Fl. Auflv. the leaves being much narrower, the flowers 
larger, and of a different colour; .it differs from glutinofa in 
the lhormefs of its involucrum, from vil/ofa (a}ready figured) 
in having leaves much narrower, perfe&ty fmooth in refpe0 
to villi, and in the colour of itg bloffomsi- which approach that 
of the Lilac, but more efpecially in its difpofition to become 
mealy, particularly on the edges of its leaves, between the 
ferratures, where it is fo ttrong as to make the leaf appe.ar 
with a white or illvery edge; as this charaer is conttant.to 
and not to any other fpecies of Primula that we are acquainted 
with, we have given to it the name of marginata. 
Mr. L received it from the Alps in the year 178, and ii 
has continued in oui' gardens ever fince unalte/red by culture. 
It is a very delicate pretty plant, with a pleating. murky fin. ell. 
and flowers in March and April. To fucceed in ts cultivatWn, 
it lhould be placed in a pot of ttith loam, mixed with one- 
third rotten leaves, bog-earth, or dung, and plunged in a nor? 
border, taking care that it does. not fuffer for want of wate 
dry feafons; thus treated, it increafes. by its roots nearly. 
readily as the Auricula, and may be propagated.by parting! 
xoots early in April or September. 
CI M O&. 
GYNANDRA DIANRA, 
Generic Charaer.. 
Ne&ari-m ventricofum, inflatum, cavum 
Specc Charaer and Ononyms. 
YPRIPEDIUM acaule radicibus fibrofis, foliis oblongis.. 
radicalibus. it. Hort. Kezv. . 8- P' 8ø8 ' 
== LLEBOR I N E Calceolus di&a,'mariana, foliis binis e radice 
ex adverfo prodeuntibus, flore purpureo 
Pluk. Mant. o, t. 48. f. , 
YPRI PEDI'UM hunile- Corolla labio fuperiore rhomboideo 
acuminato lateribus deflexo fubtus carina. 
anguima obtufa, inferlore petalis lon- 
glore anticefiffo.' ranfa. Linn. Soc. . 
t.a. 
e have not.figured the prefent fpe. cies-of-CyFripedi,um, 
much on account of its beauty as of its rarity, for it is far 
' handfome than any of the other fpecies-- that we are ac-- 
,areted with. 
' is a native of different parts-of North-America, and flowers  
'h us in May. 
There is little difficulty in diftinguiflfing it..from the other' 
eign fpecies,. it has rarely more than two radical leaves, 'a. 
 fhort flowering ftem calmpared with the others, a large 
ary in proportio to.its fize, which in the fpecimens we- 
rye feen has been divided.on its upper part, throhgh ts whole' 
gth, fo as in fa& to deftroy in a great degr. e that {hoe or 
¾pcr-like form, from which this genus has taken its name. 
Like the-reft of the family, it requires'a little extraordinary. 
'--in its culture; its roots {hould be placed in a pot filled- 
loam and bog-earth, or rotten leaves, well mixed', and 
nged in a north border, where in fevere feafons it will be 
nper to fnelter it ;. if the whol.e border be formed of the fame 
il or compofi, the pot will be lefs. neceffary 
Our drawing was made from a plant growing vith Meffrs. 
"awo0n and Co. Kenfington. 
tARc ISSUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS, NARROW- 
LEAVED NARCISSUS, 
Cl  Order. 
HEXANBRIA MONOGYIA. 
Generic CharaCTer. 
,, 6 aqualia. Nec7ario infundibulifor. mi, 
ffna intra ne&arium. 
1-phyl!o. 
pecific Cl, arat7er and Synonyms. 
.2RCI'SSUS poeticus fpatha unifiora, ne&ario rotato bre- 
vifiimo fcariofo crenulato. Linn. Sy/t. I/eœ'etab, 
ed. 4; Mutt. p. 317. Sp. P1. ed. 3' P. 414- 
...RCISSUS uniflorus, foliis enfiformibus, fcypho brevif z 
fimo. Hall. Hifl. n. x5o. 
CISSUS albus circulo purpurco. Bauh. Pin. p. 48. 
Magnol. Bot. Mofp. p. x 8. 
RCISSUS poeticus medio purpureus. Lob. 
ß C[SSUS medio purpureus. Dod. Perupt. p. 
RCISSUS medio purpureus Precox. Timely purple 
ringed Daffodil. Gcr. Herb. p. xoS. f. .. 
alfo prcocior, fig. 3- and precociffmus, fig'. 4- 
3-RCISSUS medio.purpureus pragcox.  .The early purple 
ringed Daffodil. Park. Parad. p. 76. t. 75- 
"ARCISSUS f' 3' 
latifol. claffis altera, lin. 7-.alterurn'veto, &c. 
Cluf. Hifi. _PL rar. lib. . p. 15 6. 
..lJ" the name of potias three different fpecies of 
..... , to us appearingß perfecCtly diftincCt (though timilar 
any refpes) and regarded as fuch 'by the old Botanifts, 
'e heel, confounded by the moderns, viz. 
ß ciffus alms circulo ptrpureo, vet vi ........ 
'ciffu, albus magno odoro flore C. 
circulo pallido,,[ Bauh. 
rciffus pallidus circulo luteo ............. 
arciffus medio purpureus pnecox, ... 
"[arciffus medio purpureus ferotinus,-  Park Parad. 
Narciffus medio luteus vulgi'is, 
The 
.11 
The firft of thefe, tie one here-figured is evidently the 
ioeticus of LxNmus, judging by the authors to whom he 
refers in the third edition of his Spec. PL which are indee4 
few 'in number, and confined chiefly to Baub. Pin. a 
_Dodon,eus; of the fecond, and third, he takes no notice. 
The two former ones of thefe'have the greateft affinity, 
inafmuch as they both produce for the moft part only one 
flower, of a white colour, having-a very fhort net'tam, 
edged with orange; to both of thefe LxtaN,us's fpecihc 
detLription is equally.applicable, as well as the trivial name 
of ]poeticus, given them indifcriminately by feveral of the 
old Botanifts, fome regarding the firft, fome the fecond, 
as the plant mentioned by THEOCltXTU s, VXltGXI'I', 
OvxD *,; unfortunately both of them are found to grow in 
the fame meadows, and have the fame obvious appearances, 
it is therefore utterly impofiible to fay which of the two was 
the Narciffus of the poets; if we have the greateft difficulty 
in afcertaining what the. plants were of the Botanifis of thole 
times, how are we to difcover what the Poets meant, 
x¾ith very few exceptions have been unpardonably inattentive 
to the appearances of ature. Since then the termp0eti-- 
is equally fuitable to both, and as there cannot be two plantt 
xvith the fame name, we have thought it belt to get rid of i 
altogether, and fubftitute others which tend in a certain. 
degree to difcrim. inate the feveral fpecies, doominating the 
tlt. angu]tifolius, 
d. majalis. 
$d. bifiorus. 
The angufiilius here figured is a native of the South 
Europe, ad faid by MxoI and Cusxus o grow fponta 
neoufly in the meadows about Narbonne and Montpelier. 
It flowers in our gardens early in April, about a mon 
before the biflorus, and full fix weeks fooner than the naJ. 
increafes readily by offsets, and fucceeds beft in a foil tlia 
is moderately tooill. In what refpe0ts it differs from-the t,, 
others, .xill be mentioned when they come to be figured. 
Florida fed poftquam ven. gre in prata puellm, 
ttis illa, hac aliis fe floribus oblecCtabant; 
lXTarciffo illa quidem bene olent% atq; ilia Hyaclnthoo 
Pro molli Viola, pro purpureo Narciffo, 
Carduus .et fpinis furgit Paliurus acutis. 
Nufquam corpus erat, croceum pro corpore florera 
In¾ni.unt, foliis medium cingentibus albis. 
i[ i I 
'1 
RiTILLARIA IMPERIALIS, CROWN IMPERIAL.- 
CI and Order. 
HEXANDRIA 
Generic Charac'Ier. 
,v:. 6-petala, campanulata, fupra ungues cavitate netarifera. 
Stare. 1ongitudine corolla:. 
Specific ½haraer 'and, $ynonym's. 
FRITILLARIA imperialis racemo comofo inferne nuto, 
foliis integerrimis. Lin. $yfl. Fegetah. ed. 
4. Mum p. 324- ./lit. Kew. v. . p. 43 o.- 
LILIUM five Corona hnperialis. Bauh. Pin. p. 79' 
,'LSAI five Lilium Perilcure. Cluff. Hifl. . p. x.7. 
CORONA IMPERIALIS. The Crowne hnperialL Park. 
Par. p. 7' tab. 9' f' ' 
The CroWn Imperial, a native of the EaR, moff )robably 
o Perfia, was introduced according-to DoDo4.eus, into 
gardens of' the emperor and fome of the nobility at 
enna in 1576; it appears to have been cultivated here as 
trly as 1596: both Gv..v.D and P^V. KINSON defcribe it 
ninutely, the latter on account of its "Rarely beautifulnefs, 
gives it the firff place in his garden of delight." 
It flowers ufually in the beginning of April; the whole 
lant fends forth a ffrong unpleafant froell, compared by 
,oft writers to that of a fox, perceptible when you approach 
to this effluvia p^aK1NSON endeavours to reconcile us 
.aying that it is not' unwholefome; it is fo difagreeable 
ever, that few choofe to have many of thefe plants, or 
0re in the moff frequented parts oi: their gardens, yet it 
ght not to be profcribed,'for independent of its beauty, 
acre is much in it to admire, and efpecially its fingular 
e6taria, which in the form of a white glandular excavation 
orate the bate of each petal; in there ufuaily {tands a 
)p of clear neareous juice; the peduncle or fiower-ffalk 
'ich bends downwards when thd plant is in flower, becomes 
)fight' as the feed ripens. Of 
' Of this plant, as of all others.which have long been objet 
of culture, there are many varieties; thofe moft generally, 
cultivated in odr gardens are the-common orange-flowefe 
tingle and double,. yellow tingle and double, go!d-ftriped 
leaved, and filver-ftriped leaved; the' Dutch in their cata. 
1ogues enumerate thirteen varieties. 
Luxuriant plants will fometirnes produce a fecond and even 
a third whorl or crown of flowers, and the fiat-ftalked ones 
which are monfters, have been known to produce feventy-twb 
bloffom, but none of thefe are' found to be conRant. 
The Crown Imperial, though a nativ of a much warmer 
dimace than ours, is a hardy, bulb, and' not very nice in 
regard to foil, fucceeds belt in fuch as is Riffitb, enriched 
with manure, and placed in a fheltered fituation. 
Is propagated by offsets, which are p[oduced in tolerable 
abundance. 
CHEIRANTHUS MUTABILISo CHANGEEABL 
WL.-FLowr. 
Cla and Order, 
Generic Charafler. 
Getmen utrinque denticulo glandulato. Cal. claufus folioIls 
duobus bari gibbis. Sero. plana. 
Specific ½harafIer. 
CHEIRANTHUS mutabilis foliis lanceolatis acuminatis ar- 
gute. ferratis, caule frutefcente, filiquis 
pedunculatis. .,lit. Hort. Kew. v, 3. œ. 
895- 
The prefent fpecies of Cheiranthus, unknown both to 
MLZt and Lxus, was firft defcribed in the Hortus 
Kewenfis of Mr. ATO, who informs us that it was intro- 
duced to the Royal.Garden in x777, and found wild in the 
ltland of Madeira by Mr. MAsson. 
Its chief merit as an ornamental plant conrifts in its early 
flowering; its bloffoms which are thewy contribute to enliven 
he green-houfe in March and April; on their firft expanding, 
they are white, in fome plants (for they are fubje to great 
variation) inclined to yellow, in a few days they become 
purple; to this change of colour obfervable alfo in the 
Cheiranthus maritimus already figured, it owes its name of 
mutabilis. 
In theltered gardens at the foot of a wall, we have known 
this'fpecies furvive a mild winter; it feems indeed to be 
aimoft as hardy as the common frock; it is moft commonly 
however kept in the green-houfe. 
The ufual way of propagating this fpecies, which is of 
ready and quick growth, is by cuttings, which thould be put. 
into the ground as foon as .the plant has done flowering; 
ß  
there ff properly treated will become handrome plants to 
place in the green-houfe at the approach of Winter, and to 
decorate it the enfuing Spring; in like manner may the 
green-t/oufe be annually recruited with many timilar plants 
to great advantage. 
l 
SAXIFRAGA 
CaL 5-partitus. 
polyfperma. 
[ 6 
CRASIFOLIA. OVAL-LEA9EI) 
SAXIFRAGE. 
'CI and Orden 
Generic Charaer. 
CoL 5-petala. Cap -roris, x-loculari 
Specific Charat7er and Synonyms. 
SAXIFRAGA cra.folia, foliis ovalibus retufis obfolete l'er- 
ratis petiolatis, caule nudo, panicula conglo. 
hierata. Linn. 8p. PL ed. 3' P' 573' 
Feg'etab. ed. 4. Murr. p. 
SAXIFRAGA foliis ova'libus crenulatis, caulibus nudis. 
Gruel. Sib. 4. P. x66. t. 66. 
The term grandifolia would have been more applicable to 
this fpecies of Saxifrage  than cra. t.lia,. for it is not fo much 
diRinguilhed for the thicknefs as the largenefs of its leaves i 
thefe are aimoft equal in fize to thofe of our broad-leaved 
Dock, red on the .under arid of a fine Paining green on their 
upper furface; they may be ranked indeed among the more 
handfome kinds of foliage; the flowering Items, according to 
the richnefs and moiRure of the foil in which they are planted, 
rife from one to two or even three feet high; at top fupport- 
ing a large bunch of purple pendulous flowers, which bloffom 
in April and May, and, if the feafon prove favourable, make 
a fine appearance. Should cold winds prevail at the time of 
their flowering, which they are very apt to do, the plants 
thould be covered with a hand-glafs; or, if in a pot, it may 
be removed into the green-houfe, which they will not difgrace. 
Is found fpontaneoufly on the Alps of Siberia, and, accord' 
ing to Mr. AToN, was introduced in 765 by Dr. 
No plant is more readily ircreafed by parting its r9ots, which 
may be done either in fpring or autumn. 
There is another Saxifra,,e in our ,,ardens exceedingly like 
  . ncheS 
this in a earance but differin% in producing larger buff., 
PP ' ø - - - re 
of flowers, and in having larger, rounder, and mo 
a e leaves, Mr AToxa regards this as a variety of t.he 
lh p,d ; ß o  - --der the 
traalia , we are inclined to conrider it as a lpeces u- 
name of cordilia. The parts of fruification in the 
are apt to be preternaturally increared. 
// 
i97 ] 
NAK ISSUS 
BIFLORUS. TWo-FLowER'r) 
NsRcssus. 
NARCISSUS 
NARCISSUS 
NARCISSUS 
NARCISSUS 
NARCISSUS 
NARCISSUS 
bifiorus fpatha biffor, neaario breviflimo fda- 
riofo. 
pallidus'circulo luteo. œauh. Pin. p. 5o. 
medio luteus. Do& Pempt. p. 223. f. 2. 
medio luteus. Primrole Peerles, or the com- 
mon white Daffodil. Get. Herb. œ.  o. f. 6. 
medio luteus vulgaris. The common white 
Daffodill, called Primro Peerleffe. Park. Par. 
P- 74- t. 75'f' x. 
latifol claflis altera, lin. . Naœcuntur, &c. ad 
intellexiffe. Cl Hifi. PL far. lib. . p. 56. 
'Both Gaxn and PARKINSON defcribe and figure this 
plant, informing us that it was very common in the gardens 
in their time; the former indeed mentions-it as growing wild 
in fields and fides of woods in the Weft of Englan'd; the latter 
fays he could never hear of its natural place of growth. CLU- 
ß IVS reports that he had been firedibly informed of its growing 
vild in England; it probably may, but of this it remains for 
us to be more clearly al'certained; it undoubtedly is the plant 
memioned by RaY in his Synopfis. 
As it grows readily, increal'es in a greater degree than moff 
others, and is both ornamental and odoriferous, it is no .wonder 
that we meet with it in altooft every garden, and that in abun 
dance, flovering towards the end of April, about three' weeks 
later than the anguftifolia. It ufually produces two flowers, 
hence we have called it biflorus; it fiequently occurs with 
one, more rarely with three, in a-high tlate of culture it pro- 
bably may be found with more; when it has only one flower 
it may eafily be miftaken for the maja. lis, but may be thus 
diftilqguithed from it; its petals are of a more yellow hue, the 
neaary is wholly yellow, wanting the orange rim, it flowers 
alfo at leaPt three weeks earlier; but the charafter, which by 
long obfervation we have found molt to be depended on, exitls 
in the flowering ftem, the top of which in the biflorus, very loon 
after it emerges from the ground, bends down and becomes 
elbowed, as our figure reprefents; in the majalis, it continues 
Upright till within a thort time of the flowers expanding. 
INDIOOFERA 
[ ] 
CAN)CtNS. 
INDIGO. 
.,...t 'b__4?,._.._. ,..  , ,  ' . 
Cl and Order. 
D]ADELPHA DECANDKL. 
Generic araer. 
CL ptens. Cbr. carina utrinque calcari fubulato patulo.' 
Zegumen lineare. 
Specific Charac7er and Synonyms. 
INDIGOFERA candicans foliis ternatis lanceolato-linearibus 
fubtus fericeis, fpicis pedunculatis pauci- 
floris, leguminibus cylindraceis reis. _dit. 
Hort. Kew. I/. 3' P. 67. 
Of the genus Indigora, twenty-three fpecies are enume- 
rated in Prof. MuRR.Y'S edition of the Syfl. l/egeta& of 
LNus; ten in the Hortus Kewenfis of Mr. A:o; in 
which laft work only, the prefent plant, dittinguifhed by the 
whitenels of its ttalks -and of the underfide of its leaves, is 
defcribed, and in which we are informed, that it is a native 
of the Cape, from whence it was introduced by Mr. Massou 
in  774. 
Its principal period of flowering is from about the begin- 
ning of May to the middle of June, at which time it is 
highly ornamental in the green-houfe: Rrong healthy plant's 
produce from five to eight bloffoms in a fpike: on a plant 
growing with Mr. Co.vx% Nurferym.an, King's-Road, 
Chelfea, we once counted nine: a few of thefe ufually pro- 
duce feed-veffels containing perfe feeds, by which the plant 
is motfly propagated; it may alfo be raifed by cuttings, but 
not very readily. 
[ '1 
ASTR A.vxsus. AL?XNE ASXF. a, 
C!a and Orderß 
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUP..ERFLUAo 
Generic Charafter. 
Recept. nudum. Pappus fimplex. Cot. radii plures o. 
imbricati fquame inferiores patule. 
CaL 
Specific Charagter and Synonyras. 
,ASTER alpinus foliis fibfpathulatis hirtis integerrimis, cam 
libus fimplicibis unifloris. llt. Hort. Kew. p. 
ASTER alpinus foliis fpatulatis hirti,: radicalibus'obtufis, 
caule fimpliciflimo unifloro. Linn. $.3fl. Fegetab. p. 
7.6x. ]acq. Fl. _/lufir. F. . t. 88. 
ASTER montanus ceruleus, magno flore, foliis oblongis. 
]3auh. Pro. p. v. 6 7' 
CLU$IUS and J^c{gux, by both of whom this fpecies of 
APter is figured and defcribed, inform us, that it grows fpon- 
taneoufly on the AuRrian Alps: of the many hardy herbace- 
ous fpecies cultivated in our garden, this is by far the 'molt[ 
humble in :rs growth; in its wild fl. ate acquiring the height 
of'about four inches, and when cultivated, rarely exceeding 
eight or nine: its bloffoms for its fize are large and thewy, 
making their appearance much earlier than any of the others, 
viz. about the end of May and beginning of June, and con- 
tinuing in bloffom hree weeks. or a month. 
It is readily propagated by parting its roots in the autumn, 
may be kept in pots, or plaL.ted in the open border, prefers 
a moift Ptiffilh foil; if carefully watered in dry weather, will 
grow among rock-work, .for which, from i.ts fize, it is well 
adapted. 
l 
./ 
i 
i 
III 
AITIRRHINUM 
Cal. 5-phyllus. 
Capf. 2-1ocularis. 
[ 200 ] 
SPARTEUM. BRANCHING 
TOAD-FLAX. 
Cla and Order. 
DIDYNAMI - .ANGIOSPERMIA. 
Generic Charaer. 
Cor. bails deorfum prominens neStarifera. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms. 
ANTIRRHINUM fparteum foliis fubulatis canaliculatis 
camotis: inferioribus ternis, caule 
paniculato corollifque glaberrimis. 
Linn. Syfi. Fegetab. ed. x4. Murr. p. 
555- Ait. Hort. Kew. 2. p. 333- 
The drawing here exhibited gives but a faint idea of the 
elegant and lively appearance which this plant affumes when 
it grows ima-tuft, and a number of its branches are in bloffom 
at the fame time. 
It is a hardy annual, of fmall Rature', a native of Spain, 
and flowers during molt of the rumruer. 
Was introduced into this country, according to Mr. AxetoN, 
in x772, by Monf. RxCH^RD, and deferyes to be much more 
generaally cultivated. 
Some regard it as a bienniai, but as feeds of it fown in the 
fpring flower the enfuing rumruer, and as the plant dies when 
it has ripened its feeds, there appears more propriety in con- 
tidering it as an annual. 
It is to be fown in the fame manner as other hardy annuals; 
will flower earlier if the feeds have been railed in autumn. 
The upper part of the ftalk, as well as the leaves of the 
calyx, are beret with vifcous hairs, in which refpe it does 
not-perfeStly accord with LaN  .us's defcripti.on. 1lid. Sp. œI. 
ed. 3- P: 854: 
901 3 
pELARCONIUM BICOLOR. Two-CoLoUrED 
Clafs and Order. 
MON ADELIHIA HE?TANDRI A. 
Generic Character. 
t 5-partitus: lacinia fuprema definente in tubulum capil- 
cm, neariferum, tEcus pedunculum decurrentem. Cor. 
-etala, irregularis. Filam. o, inequalia: quorum 
ß o 5) callrata. l?ut7us 5-coccus, roRratus: roflra fpira- 
introrfum barbara. 
Specific CharatVer and ),nonyms. 
?ELARGONIUM bicolor umbellis multifloris, foliis terna- 
tiffdis 1obatis dentatis undulatis villofis. 
L'Herit. n. 64. alit. Hort. Kew. v. 
p. 45 - 
ANIUM bicolor. ]acq. Hort.' 3. p. 23. t. 39- Cavan. 
d/,. 4. p. v, 48. 
In every numerous tribe of plants, many of the fpecies 
oach fo near to each other, that there is, much difficulty in 
gUithing them; this obje&ion' cannot be urged againff 
..'fent plant, which obvioufly differs from all the others 
fame genus in the particular thape of its leaves and the 
of its bloffoms, the latter are ufua!ly of a rich and very 
purple edged with white, from whence we apprehend it 
its name of bicolor; the colours however are fcarcely 
eno_ugh to juRify fuch a name. 
A:roN informs us in his Hort. Kew. that this very 
mental fpecies was introduced in the year 778, by .jo, 
e Earl of BytE, but of what country it is a native, does 
ppear to be afcertained. 
drawing was made from a piant in the colle2ion of 
Gr.woo) and Co. Kenfington, with whom it flowers 
.June to AuguR. 
s not difpofed to ripen its feeds, nor is it very readily 
afed by cuttings. 
LUPINUS PERENNIS. PERENNIAL 
' 4, -, 4, 4,...-we..ee..,_...,e ' a.a. 5%.>a a,. 4, 
C/aft and Order. 
Generic Carac?er. 
CaL -labiatus. Intherm 5, ob. longa: 5, fubrotunde. Leœumcn 
coriaccum; 
SpecOqc Charac7er and Synvn)'ms. 
LUPINUS percnnis calycibus alterhis inappendiculatis: la- 
bio fiperiore emarginato; inriore integro. 
Linn'. 3vfi. Fegetab. ed. . Mute. p. 655. ,/lit. 
Kew. v. 3. p. 8. 
LUPINUS cdycibus alterhis, radice perenni repente. Fl. 
Firg.  7 ' 
LUPINUS ca:ruleus minor perennis virginianus repens. 
dri[. h. . p. 87. f- . t. 7' f' 6. 
LUPINUS floribus caeruleis inodoris, in fpicas Iongas di- 
geftis, radice reptatrice. Clayt. n. 779' 
Every fpecies o1' I.upine defcribed in the Species Plantatum 
o1' Lxq,zus, and in the Hortus KeweJs of Mr. Axo, 
except the one hkre figured, are annuals; till another peren- 
nial one therefore thall be difcovered, the term perennis 
will be ftri&ly applicable to the prefent plant. 
Its root is not only of the kind juft mentioned, but 
creeping alfo; Mr. Mu informs us,. that be traced rome 
of them belonging to plants of a year old, to the depth of 
three feet, they alfo.fpread out far and x,ide; hence the 
roots even of young plants are with difficulty taken up en- 
tire, and as they do not fucceed well by tranfplanting, if 
the root be cut or broken, our excelleto author prefers 
fairing this elegant'plant from feed, which, though not very 
plentifully produced, ripen in July and Auguft; care rnult 
be taken to gather them as foot: as ripe. 
It is a native of Virginia, and appears to have been cul- 
tivated in the Botanic Garden at Oxford, as long fince as 
x658. 
Flowers from May to July. 
Is a hardy perennial, ficceeding belt in a dry fitnation, 
,ith a loam moderately Riff. 
? 
i 
l 
Ill 
LYI IllIll' 
gRANIUM AN'GULATUMo ANGULAR- 
o 
STALKED CRANE'S-BILL. 
C& mxd Or, ter. 
1,O N ADELPHI A DECANDRIAo 
Generic Charac?er. 
5-phyllus. Cor. 5-petala, regularis. Ne% glandule 5, 
melliferaz, haft 1ongiorum filamentorum aduataz. Frc?us 
-co. ccus, roRratus: rofir fimplicia, nuda, (nec fpiralia nec 
arbata). 
Specific Charac7er and 3ynonyms 
ERANIUM mgulatmn fo!iis radicalibus tubefptempartitis 
inciris hirfitis, caule ereo rubangular% 
petalis yenotis. 
Having cultivated the Geranium here figured for a feries 
_ars, we are pcrf:!y fatisfied of its being a fpecies 
gerber dillinc't tixm an), of the hardy and more orna- 
ntal plants of that genus ufaally cultivated in our gar~ 
is obvioufly diftinguied by two chara6ters, the angu- 
appearance of its , "r (wh,mce our name of angulatum) 
'1 its flefl-coloured bloffoms, marked with veins of a deeper 
ß a fize it {lands betwcen praIo and aconitif)ham, in its 
olEoms it has' !brae affinity to flriatum and lancaflrzenJ?, but 
veins are not fo Rrongly marked as in the fbrmer, and it 
- from the latter in' having an upright tlalk. 
tffually flowers in May, and hequently again in autumn; 
hard), per,mnial, and cafily increafed either by leeds-or. 
artinet its ro 
.,' ,- it is a na4 or when it wa firff intro- 
vet to [ea rff obferved it in a.nur- 
wh, ,e it; ,,garded as a very ci.ffierent 
RANUNCULUS ACONITIFOLIUS. MOUNTAIN 
CROWFOOT, or FAIR MAiS of FRANCE. 
Claf and Order. 
POLYANDRIA POL¾OYNIAo 
Generic CharafTer. 
Cal. 5-phyllus. Petala 5-intra ungu. es poro mellifero. Sero. nuda. 
Specific Charafter and Synonyms. 
RANUNCULUS aconitilius foliis omnibus quinatis lance0- 
latis incifo-ferratis. Linn. $yfl. ?egetab. ed. 
 4. Mutt. p. 5 x 6. dit. Kew. v. 
RANUNCULUS folio aconiti, tore albo multiplici. Bauh. 
Pin. t79. 
RANUNCULUS montanus albus flore pleno. The double 
white mountain Crowfoot. _Park. lParad. 
P' 9' f' 9' 
Double white Bachelors Buttons. Get. Herb. p. 8  . d 
This is one of thole plants which derives its beauty from 
the multiplication of its petals; in its tingle ttate no one 
would think it deferving of culture as an ornamental plant: 
when double, few plants come in for a greater /hare of ad- 
miration. 
It is a native of 'the Alps of Europe, and flowers in 
May and June. . 
Was very generally cultivated in our gardens in the times 
of G.w,w and 
Like moff alpine plants, it requires a pure air, and fuc- 
ceeds heft in a fituation moderately moift and fhady; is a 
!ardy perennial, and may be increared by parting its roots 
In autumn. 
In all feafons, with us, its foliage, as well as that of moff 
other Crowfoots, is liable to be disfigured, and fometimes 
nearly deftroyed, by a very fmall maggot which feeds be- 
twixt. the coats of the leaf, and which ultimately produces 
a fma!l fly, called by us Mufca Ramnculi. 
,.! 
ANTIRRHINUM ALrIUM, 
ALPINE 
Clafi' and Order. 
DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. 
Generic Charac7er. 
Cal. 5-phyllus. C0r. bails deorfum prominens, ne&ariœera. 
Capf. v.-locularis. 
pecc Charaer and Synonyms, 
ANTIRRHINUM alpinure foliis quaternis lineari-lanceolatis 
glaucis, caule diffufo, floribus race- 
moils, calcari recCto, Linn. Syfl, Fegctab. 
ed. 4. Murr. p. 556. tit. Hort. Kew, 
v. 2, p 335' Jacq? f2. ,quilt. v. . t. 58, 
ANTIRRHINUM caule procumbente breviter fpicato, folii 
verticillatis. Hall. Hfi. p. 338. 
LINARIA quadrifolia fupina. Bauh. Pin. p. 2x 3. 
LINARIA tertia ftyriaca. CY HiJt. x. p. 322. 
Profeffor .]'AcQt, in defcribing the flowers of this plant s 
calls them elegantmi; and to one of its varieties HXLLe 
applies the epithet pulcherrima: fuch teflimonies in its favour 
will, we prefume, be fufficient to recominend it to our readers, 
It is a native of various mountainous parts of Europe, 
fecCting moiR, /tony fituations, and flowers during molt of 
the fummer: is a hardy perennial ñ, according to the celebrated 
author of the Fl. Auflriaca; Mr. ATO, in his Hort. Kew. 
marks it as a biennial. It is neverthelefs apt to be loft, like 
other froall alpine plants, for want of proper treatment and 
care. 
Mr. Ao informs us on the authority of LoneL, that 
it was cultivated here by Mr. IIuo Moaa, in 
May be propagated by cuttings, as well as by feeds, which 
however are not very plentifully produced with us. 
Succeeds belt when kept in a pot, or on-rock-work, which 
it is well fuited to deco:rate. 
 In faxoffs udis alpium. yaff. 
' Radix pcrennis. 
,ERANIUM ANEMONErOLIUMo 
LAV' GSANM. 
ANEMONE- 
Cla and Order. 
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIAo 
Generic Carat7er. 
5-phyllus. 'C or. 5-petala, 'egularis. NeFt. glandula 5 
,ellifere, bari 1ongiorum filamentorum adnate. ruus 
ß -coccus, roftratus; ro. flra fimplicia nec tiralia nec barbara.. 
ß Herit. Geran. 
Specific Charagle and Synonyms. 
'RANIUM anemonej91ium foliis palmatis; foliolis pinnatiff- 
dis, caule fruticotb. L. Herit. fl. 6. t. 36. 
:RANIUM palmatum. Cavan. Diff-. 4. P. 6. t. 84. f- - 
:Before the appearance of the Hortus Kewenfis, 1,evigatum was 
. term ufually applied to this fecies of Geranium, by 
.tanif'ts here, and that on account of the fmooth and gloffy 
pearance of its leaves; in that work Mr. AxxoN adopts the 
rdaneinonelium, by which Monf. L. Hrrtxxxr had difiin- 
.uilhed this fecies, from an idea that their thape afforded a 
ß ore expreflive chara&er than their finoothndi. We regret 
.t the froall fize ot ' our plate will not admit of our giving 
prefentation of thot leaves, and of their mode of growth, 
ß h fo ftrikingly characterizes the plant and adds fo confi- 
_bly to its beauty. 
/Ir. AxzoN informs us that this Iecies is a. native 
adeira,'from whence it was introduced here by Mr. 
MASSON in x718. 
: flowers. from May to September, is ufually and readily 
ied. from fedr, nor i it tb tender as many othe. r greei- 
. le plants.. 
SwE E'i; WILLIAM. 
PINK 
Or 
Cla- and Order. 
D:ECANDRIA IJiGYN iAo 
Generic Charaer. 
}L cylindricus x-phyllus: bari fquamis 4. 
culata. Capfula cylindrica, x-locularis. 
Petala 5 ungui, 
S;ecifi; Charagler and Synodurns . 
.DIANTHus arbatus floribus aggregafis fafcicuiatis: fqua- 
"' mis calycinis ovato-fubulatis tuburn aquantibus, 
foliis lanceolatis. Linn. 8yfl. legetaA ed. 
Murr. .  7' lit. Kew. v. .. p. 88. 
iDARyOPHYLLUS hortenfis barbatus latifolius. Bauh. Pin. 
o8. 
.RMER!US latifolius fimplex. Single Sweete Williams. 
park. Parad. p. 
LxNaus, in his Spec. PI. appears not to have known of 
what country the Sweet William was a native,. and even in 
tb: Hortus Kewenj7s, this circumflance is left undecided; yet 
DoDosaus, in his Pemptades% mentions its being found wild 
in Germany, and P, aov. Hovvas confirms this in his 
Germanys Flora % 
At the time Dooaus wrote 055 z) this plant was culti- 
vated in the Netherlands, from whence it was probably 
introduced to this country, where it certainly is one of the 
olde inhabitants of our gardens. 
 In petrols collibus et afperls, fabulous apricifque locis, apud Germano 
nafcitur- Pempt. p.  7 7' 
3 Sponte in fylvaticis montofis (Cam. Siles, Tubing Germanys Fl. a79, 
t7. ' ' 
Beautiful 
Beautiful as are the numerou varieties of this fpecies of 
Dianthus, Florifts have not deemed it worthy of that peculiar 
attention which they have beRowed on its more favoured 
relatives the Pink and Carnation, and hence it probably has 
not arrived at that degree of improvement of which it is 
capable; our figure is intended to reprefent one of the moit 
eReemed of its kind, viz. the Painted Lady variety, whic! 
has a deep rich-purple eye, furrounded with a pure white, 
having the edge of the petals tightly indented; but our 
colours fall far lhort of the beauties of the original. 
Betides tingle flowets producing an infinite variety of 
colours, there are feveral double varieties of the Sweet 
William, rome of which are obferved to have more fcent 
than others. 
To poffefs there plants in peffe&ion, we muff renew them 
yearly; for though the root be perennial, it is apt to decay, 
efpecial|y if the foil in which it grows be either very moift, or 
very dry; or if the air be not pure, the tingle forts tour be 
raifed from feeds, which lhould be laved from the choiceit 
flowers; the double forts may be increafed by cuttings, 
pipings, or layers, in the fame manner, and at the fame time 
as Pinks and Carnations the feed lhould be fown earl}, ii 
.April, the feedlings tranfplanted into a bed in June, taking 
advantage of a wet day and placed about fix inches afdnder 
each way; {n September they will be fit to tranfplant into the 
flower border, where they will bloffom the enfuing rummet, 
during the months of June and July, and ripen their feed in 
AuguSt. 
[ . =o8 
MF. LISSA 
BALM. 
] 
GREAT-FLOWER'i) 
Claj5 and Ordbr. 
DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. 
Generic Chara[ler. 
CaL aridus, fupra planiufculus; labio fuperiore fubfattigiato. 
Coroll, e lab. fuper. fubfornicathmi .-fidum; labium inf. 1obo 
medio cordato. 
Specific Chara7er and Synonyms. 
MELISSA grandiflora pedunculis axillaribus dichotomis lon- 
gitudine florurn. Linn. Syfl. I/egetab..ed. 4  Murr. 
p. 549.. Ait. Kew. v. 
CALAMINTHA magno flore. Bauh. Pin. 9' 
CALAMINTHA montanaprettantior. The more excellent 
Calamint. Ger. Herb. p. 556. as to the 
name. Ger. emac. 687. as to the figure. 
The Meliffa grandiflora, a beautiful and h.ardy perennial, 
grows fpontaneoufly on the hilly and mountainous parts of 
France, Italy, and Germany; GEaARD mentions it as found 
xvild in this country, which Rands in need of further con- 
firmation; there is little doubt, however, but he had culti- 
vated the plant; as he fays, "brought into the garden, it prof- 
"pereth marvellous well and very eafily foweth itfelf." 
It is the more v.aluable, as it flowers during moR of the 
fummer. 
There is a variety of it with white, and another with red 
flowers, both much inferior in fize to thofe of the plant her.eft- 
g. ured, and therefore not worth cultivating; we have a variety 
alfo with variegated leaves which we obtained from feeds. 
This plant is readily propagated by parting its roots in 
autumn, and may alfo be raifed from feeds, which are plenti- 
fully produced: as it rarely exceeds a foot in height, it be- 
comes a fuitable plant for the fmall flower border, or for the 
decoratim of rock-work. 
The leaves when bruifed h'ave the lZmell of garden balm. 
HtBSCUS TRONUM. BLADDER I-IBISCUS. 
,,_ ,,,_  ,  , ,,, , , ,,, ,,, ,, ,.. q ... -. 
Cla and Order. 
ONADELPIIIA OLYANDRIA. 
Generic Charac?er. 
CaL duplex: exterior polyphyllus. Capf. '5-1ocularis, poly- 
fperma.. 
Specific Charag]er an  vnonyms. 
HIBISCUS rionum foliis tripartitis inciris, calycibus inflatis. 
Lhm. Syfi. l&getab. ed. 24. Murr. p. 632. Ait. 
Kew. v. . p. 458. 
TRIONUM Lhm. Hoq. cltfl; 849- 
ALCEA veficaria. Bauh. Pin. 327. 
ALCEA peregrina five veficaria. Venice Mallow, or Good 
night' at noone. Park. Parad. p. 368. 3o7.f. 2. 
Seeds of the plant here figured are fold in the feed-hops 
under the name of Venice Mallow, a nam'e by which it was 
known in the time of G and P^Kxso: Mr. A:rote 
has changed this for the more fcientific one of Bladder Hibifcusi 
Authors have alfo diftingdifhed this plant by terms. expreflive 
of the hort-lived expantion of its flowers, which 
fays open at eight o'clock in the morning and clofe about nine, 
from whence he obferves, that it might with propriety be called 
Malva horaria: MxLL lengthens the duration of its blowing 
to a few hours: we have frequently obferved its bloffoms con- 
tinue fufficiently open to hew their beauty the gt:eateR part of 
the day, more efpecially towards the clofe of rumruer. 
Few annuals are more admired than this, the infide of the, 
flower is of delicate :ream colour, having the centre em- 
bellihed with a rich purple velvet, on which its golden an- 
thera: are proudly con.fpicuous. 
It is faid to be a native of Italy; a Cape variety, differing 
in halrinels and a few other particulars .is mentioned bY 
Mx.., and confidered by him as a fpecies. 
The leaft poflible trouble attends the fairing of this beautiful 
annual, as it readily ripens its feeds, which falling on the 
ground produce plants in ,bundance the enfuing fpring; to 
have it flower as long as may be, it will be proper to 
at two or three different periods. 
[ 21o ] 
CELSIA LINEARIS. LINEAR-LEAV'D CELSIA. 
Claj and Order. 
DIDYNAMIA NGIOSPERMIA. 
Generic Charaer. 
CaL &partitus. Cor. rotata. ilamcnta barbara, Ca -1ocu- 
laris. 
Specc Cbaer and Synonyms. 
CELSIA linearis. acq. Collet. v. . . o. Icon. v. . t. x 3. 
CELSIA liearis foliis ternis linearibus denticulatis. 
We here prefent our readers with the figure of a plant 
newly introduced from France by Mr. Wx,LxxMs, Nurfery- 
man of Paris, collegted originally in Peru by Mr. 
xvhofe flowers, if they do not equal thofe of the Fuchfia already 
figured in elegance of form and growth, furpafs them fome- 
,vhai in brilliancy of colour, whence it becomes a molt de, 
firable plant for the purpoi% of ornament. 
Profeffor JACQVXN, who firff gave a figure and defcription 
of this plant, informs us in his Collegtanea, that he received 
feeds of it from Profeflbr OrTEG^ of Madrid, under the 
name of Celfia linearis, which name he has adopted; and we, 
from refpe to fuch authority, have continued; at the fame 
time we muff obferv4, that it ill accords with that genus: 
the bloffoms while in bud fold up fomewhat in the fame 
manner as thofe of the Celfia, but on expanfion they appear 
xvidely different; their fhape indeed then becomes truly 
fingular, refembling a half-formed imperfegt corolla, its illa- 
ments are fhort and want the hairs which in part chara6terife 
the Celfia; its feed-veffcls alfo are far from being round: 
its anthera are large and dofe together, fomewhat like thofe 
of the Solanum, and there is fo. little of inequality in them, 
that few fludents would be induced to refer its flowers to the. 
clafs Didynamia. 
Being a native of a warm climate, it comes to the greateft 
perfeOdon here when placed in a Rove in which the heat is 
moderate; but it will fucceed very well if treated as a tender 
green-houfe plant: it does not appear to be quite fo hardy as 
the Fuchfia, nor to flower like that plant at all feafons, but 
ufually produces its bloffoms in' the latter fummer months, 
thole are fucceeded by feed-veffels producing perfegt feed. s, 
by which, as well as by cuttings, the plant is propagated. 
Its leaves, which are not det:iduous, ark linear, and more 
or lefs toothed, growing three together; this charagter however 
is fomewhat oblhured by others growing from their bofoms. 
li 
SEDUM 
POPULIFOLIUM. POPLAR-LEAV'D 
STONECROP. 
Cla' and Order. 
DECANDRIA PENTAGYN IA. 
Generic C7aracer. 
CaL 5-fidus. Cot. 5-petala. Squame neeqarif'efe 5 ad bafin 
gcrminis. Capf 5' 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms. 
SEDUM populilium foliis planis cordatis dentaris petiolatis, 
corytnbis terminalibus. fit. Kew. v. 2. p. o 9. 
SEDUM populifolium foliis petiolatis cordaris dentatis, floribus 
paniculatis. Lmn.'fil. fippl. p. 242. 
SEDUM popullium. Pallas, it. 3' P' 73 ø' t..O. fig'. 2. 
Profeffor PaL.^s, the celebrated Ruffian naturalill, dif- 
covered this fpecies of Sedum in, Siberia, and in the year 
x78o , introduced it to the royal garden at Kew; the younger 
LN Nz;us delk:ribes it minutely in his Suppl. Flantarum, and 
obferves, that in its general form it much refembles the 
$axfra. ga rotundiolia. , 
Its ieaves are flat as in many of the other œpecies, and 
when the plant grows in ar 9pen fituati0n, expoœed to the 
,fun, they become as well as the llalks of a bright red colour, 
which adds much to its beauty. 
It is the only hardy Sedum cultivated)-'n our gardens with a 
fhrubby ftalk, its leaves-however are deciduous, œo that in the 
winter it lores its verdure, it flowers in July and Augull, and 
is readily increaœe-d by cuttings. 
As molt of this tribe grow readily, and many of them 
naturally on rocks and walls, they may be in general re- 
garded as proper rock plants,  rome of them however are apt 
by the quickneœs of their growth to extend over and deftroy 
plants of more value; this fault, if fucb it may' be deemed, 
is not finputable to the populifolius. 
Some nbt knowing its native place of growth, keep it in 
the green.houœe. 
 212 '] 
TANACETUM FLABELLIFORMEo 
LEAVED TANSY. 
FAN- 
Cla' and Order, 
SYNGENE$IA POLYGAMIA SUPEKFLUAo 
Generic Charagler. 
Recept. nudum. Pappus fubmarginatus. Cal. imbricatus, he- 
mifpharicus. Cor. radii obfoleta, trifida. Linn. (interdum 
nulbe omnefque fiouli hermaphroditi.) Murr. 
Specific Charaer and Synonyms. 
TANACETUM fabellrme corymbis fimplicibus, foliis del- 
toidibus apice ferratis. L' Herit. $ert. Ingl. 
t. 7' lit. Hort. Kew. 1/. 3' P' 69' 
There is a neatnefs in the appearance of this plant, which 
joined to the fingular form of its foliage, .varying alfo from 
th.e-general hue, entitles it to .a place in the green-h0ufe. 
Mr. M.sso difcovered it at the Cape, and introduced it 
here in x774. Air. Iew. 
It flowers from May to AugufO, grows freely, and is ufua!ly 
propagated by cuttings. 
POLYGONUM ORIENTLE. 
PER SI CAR I A. 
TALL 
Cla and Order. 
OCTAN/RIA TRIGYNIA. 
Generic CharalIer. 
CaL o. Cor. 5-partita, calycina. ,em. :t. angulatum. 
Specific Charaler and Synonyms. 
POLYONUM orientale floribus heptandris digynis, foliis 
ovatis, caule ereo, fipulis hirtis hypocra- 
teriformibus. Linn. $yfi. Fez.eta& ed. 4. 
Murr. p. 377- Ail. Hort. Kew. Y. v.. p. 32 ' 
PERSICARIA orientalis nicotiana: folio calyce florurn pur- 
pureo. ;ouvnef. cor. 38. Schovanna-modela_ 
muccu. Rheed. MaL iv.. p. 147 ' t. 76. 
Of the genus Polygonurn, the prefent well-known native of 
 he EaR, as well as of India, is the principal one cultivated 
:In our gardens for ornament, and is difinguifhed not lefs 
!'rs ffiperior fature than the brilliancy of its flowers; it.will 
frequently grow to the height of eight or ten feet, and become, 
a' formidable rival to the gigantic fun-flOwer. 
There is a dwarf variety of it, and another with white flowers; 
, has been obferved to vary alfo in point of hairinefs. 
It flowers from July to Oober, and produces abundance 
of feed, which, falling on the borders, generally-comes up 
pontaneoufly in the fpring; but it is mot[ commonly fown in 
the fpring with other annuals: when the feedlings appear, 
ihey thould be thinned fo as to fand a foot apart. This plant 
requires very little care, and will bear the fmoke of London 
better than many others. 
Was cultivated by the Dutchefs of BEAUVOl. T, in 17o 7. 
dit. Kew. 
The Stipula: on the ftalk are deferving of notice, being 
anufual in their form, and mking it look as if beruffled. 
[ ] 
DRACOCEPHALUM DENTICULATUM 
TOOZ DRAGON'S -HEAD 
C141 and Order'. 
Generic ½haraer. 
Corolbefaux inflata: lablure fuperius concavum 
Specific Charaer and Synodfires. 
DRACOCEPHALUM denticulatum floribus fpicatis remotis 
' foliis ohovato-lanceolatis fuperne 
denticulatis. tit. Kew. //. 2. p. 3  7' 
About the year  786, we received from Philadelphia, feeds 
of a plant collc6tcd at a confidcrablc diltance from that city, 
announced to us as new and rare, and which .produced the 
prcfcnt fpccies of Dracocephalum: Mr. WAXSON, Nurfcryman 
t Iflington, obtained the fame plant from Carolina, about the 
litme period. 
It is a hardy perennial, multiplying confiderably by its 
roots, which creep fomewhat; it muff be planted in a moift 
foil, and thady fituation, for fuch it affe&s, and in fuch only 
vill it thrive. 
It flowers in Augur and September. 
It bears a confidetable affinity to the Dracocephalun] )irgl- 
nianum, to which, though a much rarer plant, it is inferior 
in point of beauty; it fpreads more on the ground, its 
flowering Rems are not altogether fo upright, nor fo tall, the 
leaves are broader, and the flowers in the fpikes lefs nu- 
merous. 
ANUNCULUS 
DOUBLE UPRIGHT CROVgFOOT. 
Cla' and Order. 
XOLYANDRI A XOLYGY N i Ao 
Generic CharaCter. 
Cal. 5-phyllus. Petala 5, intra ungues poro mellifro.- Sero. 
nuda.' 
AcPS FLORE PLENO. 
Specific harac7er and Synonyms. 
RANUNCULUS acris calycibus patulis, pedunculis eretibus, 
foliis tripartito multifidis: fummis lineari- 
bus. Linn. $yfl. Feg. ed. x4. Murr. p. 5'7- 
RANUNCULUS hortenfis erecus tore pieno. Bauh. Pin. 
p.,7 8. ?. 
RAN.UNCULUS pratentis tore multiplici. Park. Parad. p, 
9.18. 
The double yellow field Crowfoot. 
In giving a reprefentation ofthis'fpecies of Ranunculus, we 
have made a flight deviation from the itri& letter of our plan, 
as expreffed in the title page, which confines us to the figuring 
-of foreign plants only; we have thought, however, that it 
would not be inconfiitent with the fpirit of the Flower-Garden 
Dtfplayed, were we occafionally to introduce fuch Englifh 
plants as have double-flowers, and which, on that account, 
are thought worthy of a place in every garden; they are but 
- few in number, and we flatter ourfelves that this.trifling alte.ra-. 
tion will be approved by our numerous readers. 
The Ranunculus acris is the firft that we offer of there; t 
plant, in its wild and tingle Rate, common in all our 'rich 
meadows, and in its improved, or to fpeak more botanically, 
in its toonitrous itate {all double flowers being moniters, for the 
molt part formed from the preternatural multiplication of their 
petals) it has long been cultivated in gardens abroad, as well as 
here. 
There are certain ornament'al plants of the perennial kind, 
which, if once introduced, will fucceed with the leait poflible 
trouble, and therefore fuit fuch as have little time to beitow on 
their flower-gardens; the prefent plant is one of thole i if the 
foil in which we plant it be moitL it will grow molt readily, 
and flower during the months of June and July; and it is eafily 
increared, by parting its roots in autumn. 
[ 0.6 ] 
CYPRIPEDIUM A.nUM. 
LADIES SLIPPER. 
½lafs and Order. 
YNANDRIA DANDRIA. 
Generic CI ..... z7er. 
Negtarium ventricofum inflatum cavum. 
Specific Charat7er and ynonyms. 
CYPRIPED1UM album radicibus fibrofis foliis ovato-lanceo- 
latis caulinis, petalis obtufis. 4it. Hort. 
Kew. I/. 3' P. 303 - ' - 
HELLEBORINE Calceolus di&a mariana flore gemello 
candido, venis purpureis. ftriato. lPluk. 
Mant. xox. t. 48. f 3. 
'CYPRIPEDIUM hirfut, um foliis oblongo ovatis yenoffs hir- 
futis flore maximo. Mill. DirT. ed. 6. 4to. 
CYPRIREDIUM fpet7abile. Corolla labio fuperiore ovali 
bari retufo concavo fubtus carinit obtuf, 
inferiore 'petalis 1ongiore groffo. $alifb. 
2;rm Linn. $oc. F. x. p. 78. 
Of the genus Cypripedium, Great-Britain produces only one, 
America feveral fpecies; of there the album here figured, 
(whole name is derived from the whitenels of its petals, and 
vith which the neEtary muff not be confounded) is by far 
the molt magnificent; indeed there are few flowers which to 
fuch fingularity of ftru6'ture add fuch elegance and beauty: 
it grows fpontancoufly in various parts of North-America, and 
,chiefly in the woods; was introduced to the royal garden at 
Kew, by Mr. WLrA Youai about the year 77 o, but 
was known to Mr. MiLv., and cultivated by him at Chelfea 
.long before that period; this intelligent and truly, prab'tical 
author informs us, that all the forts of Cypripedium are with 
difficulty pretErved and propagated in gardens; he recom- 
mends them to be planted in a loamy foil, and in a fituation 
where they may have the morning fun only i they muff, he 
obferves, 
obferves, for the above reafons, be procured from the places 
where they naturally grow; the roots thould be feldom re- 
moved, for tranfplanting them,prevents their flowering, which 
ufually takes place in June. 
A greater proof of the difficulty of increaring thefe plants 
need not be adduced than their prefent fcarcity, though vaft 
numbers have been imported, how few can boar ofpoffeffing 
them, or of preferving them for any length of time; careful 
management in their cultivation will doubtlefs go far, but 
peculiarity of foil and fituation would appear to be of greater 
Importance: it is well known that certain plants thrive in cer- 
tain dittri&s only, the double yellow rofe, for inftafice, barely 
exifts near London, yet this plant I have feen growing molt 
luxuriantly, and producing a profufion of bloom, in the late 
Mr. MAsoWs garden, Chefhunt, Hefts, and in which various 
Orchis's alfo acquired nearly twice their ufual fize,--enviable 
fpot! 
INDEX. " 
In which the Latin Names of, 
the Plants-contained in the½ 
Fb Folume are alphabeti, 
cally arranged 
PL 
73 Aitonia capentis. 
59 Alyffum faxatile. 
a6 Amygdalus nana. 
a8o Azalea nudifloravar. coccinea. 
74 Buddlea globofa. . 
a53 Bulbocodium vernum. 
66 Cheiranthus maritimm. 
.56 Coreopfis verticillata. 
76 Cytifus Laburnum. 
247 Dais cotinifolia. 
-7 o Draba aizoides. 
ahg Epidendrum cochleaturn. 
a79 Fumaria glauca. 
a58 Hibifcus Rofa Sinentis. 
57 Hyacinthus botryoides. ' 
a46 Hypericum calycinum. 
a78 Coris. 
268 Iris pavonia. 
7  Ixia chinentis. 
a69 Ixora coccinea, 
75 Kahnia latifolia. 
a77 glauca. 
a7 Lamium Orvala. 
a,5  Lotus tetragonolobus. 
a45 Monarda fiftulofa vat. 
a.55 Oxalis verficolor. 
65 Pelargonium cordifolium. 
x48 ..... betulinum. 
63 Phlox divaricata. 
6o Puhnonaria virginlca. 
64 Ranunculus gramineus. 
s6 Sanguinaria canadenfis. 
a67 Sophora tetraptera. 
54 Saponaria Ocymoides. 
a5o Tagetes patula. 
x49 Zinnia multiflora. 
INDEX. 
In which the Englifh Names 
of the plants contained in 
the 'Fb Volume are alpha- 
betically arranged. 
½ œl. 
-- x7g Aitonia cape. 
*:- 6s Almond dwarf. 
{ 59 Alyffum yellow. , 
7  Archangel balm-leav d. 
8o Azalea arlet. 
 Buddlea round-headed. 
. xSg Bulbocodium vernal. 
8 Crane's-bill birch-leav'& 
{ 65 heart-leav'd. 
 64 Crowfoot grafs-leav'd. 
, 56 Coreopfis whorled. 
* 47 Dis cotinus-leav'd. 
- 7 o Draba fengreen. 
 xS Epidendrum two-lear'& 
*' Fumitor¾ glaucous. 
79 
' ,58 Hibifcus china-role, 
s57 Hyacinth grape. 
.,. 68 Iris peacock. 
Y 7 Ixia Chinefe. 
469 Ixora fcarlet. 
{75 Kalmia broad-levMo 
 77 glaucous. 
, 76 Laburnum common. 
,. $t Lotus winged. 
½- 6o Lungwort Virginian. 
63 Lychnidea early-flowering. 
x,5 o Marigold French. 
{* 45 Monarda crimfon. 
i x6e Puccoon Canada. 
g' t46 St. John's-wort large-flower'cl. 
*' 78 heath-leav'd. 
,54 Soap-wort bafil. . 
67 Sophora winged-podded/ 
66 Stock Mediterranean. 
,, Wood-forrel flriped-fiower'd. 
½' ;'t9 Zinnia many-flowr'd. 
INDEX. 
In which the Latin Names of  
the Plants contained in the 
Sixth 17olume are alphabeti- ' 
cally arranged. 
P1. 
oo Antin'hinum fparteum. 
o 7 alpinum. 
99 Alter alpinus. 
,o Celfia linearis. 
95 Cheiranthus mutabilis. 
Sx Colurea frutefcens. 
' 88 ConvoNulus Nil. 
85 Coronilla valentina. 
92 Cypripedium acaule. 
 x 6 album. 
eo 7 Dianthus barbatus. 
2 4 Dracocephalum denticulatum. 
89 Erica grandiflora. 
94 Fritillaria imperialis. 
gog Geranium angulatum. 
206 anemonefolium. 
o 9 Hibifcus Trionum. 
98 Indigofera candicans. 
87 Iris fambucina. 
84 Ixia crocata. 
uo2 Lupinus perennls. 
2o8 Meliffa randiflora. 
9g Narciffus angufiifoiius. 
 97 biflorus. 
9o Ornithogalum aureum. 
eox Pelargonium bicolor. 
e  8 Polygonurn orientale. 
x9x Primula marginata. 
204 Ranunculus aconitifolius. 
 x 5 .... acris flore pieno. 
82 Salvia aurea. 
!96 Saxifraga craflifolia. 
'ex x Sedum populifolium. 
86 Selago ovata. 
ß 88 Syringa vulgaris. 
  Tanace.turn flabelliforme. 
INDEX. 
In which the Englifh Names 
of the Plants contained, in 
the Sixth l/olume are alpha- 
betically arranged. 
PL 
x99 After alpine. 
208 Balm great-flower'fl. 
xS, Bladder-fenna fcarlet. 
2 o Celfia linear-leav'd. 
x88 Convolvulus azure. 
Ix83 Coronilla rue-leav'd. 
2ox Crane's-bill two-colour'& 
208 augular-fialk'd. 
2o,t Crow-foot mountain. 
2 x 5 upright-double. 
x 4 Dragon's-head toothed. 
o6 Geranium anemone-leav'd. 
x89 Heath great-fiower'd. 
-ø(>9 Hibifcus bladder. 
x94 Imperial crown. 
,98 Indigo white-lear'fl. 
x87 Irls elfler-fcented. 
e84 Ixia faffron-colour'fl. 
i l9  Ladies-flipper two-lear'fl. 
6 white-petal'd. 
x88 Lilac common. 
Lupine perennial. 
198 Narciffus narrow-leav'd. 
two-flower'fl. 
'97 ' 
9 o Ornithogalum golden. 
x 8 Perilcarla tall. 
9 x Primula filver-edg'd. 
82 Sage golden. , 
Ix96 Saxifrage oval-lea