e The source of this uncorrected OCR text may be viewed as a digital facsimile at: http://fax.libs.uga.edu/ •a 1= 2 2 V) V) rf- fil S. e fr. S •? e & | ; \ •a J 5. S ; 5 S' 5 (/) c ~ O (V a/ 3- | l/) ^ S (D + o 3- 1' O 3' 2 , " o 1-1 i §•' 2 a/ 5' 3 a/ O o o 'S z ^•( jo OJ "-1 a/ o- o c -H _> J* 8 ff o -H -H 3- n o 6 T3 nearesl *< o -c ^ T 3 o tn 3' ^ 0/ 3: o 3 0/ a. a/ -t- 3- a. o SK E n VD i •f VD MiBi e & ? CO MB n 0 g 0 S r \ o 3 (D 3 (V 3 ?• a/ 3 a. in this issue: TEXAS HAS AN AIR CO-OP ARCHITECT ON CO-OP HOUSING Chicago's Pattern for Co-op Development SOME PUBLIC RELATIONS IDEAS THE GOOLIBAH TREE SONG P1 O (p O ui T» ~» M ^ ^. a CD VI JHk (t T should suggest the co-ops ust PERIOD PLAN rather than live year plans fharle* F Case Maple Lodg'f Chanta iQua New Fork Help, Please Co-op Shrme! Dear Sirs Inclosed you will find my check for a thref year subscription to CO-OP Magazine T see the Publication is still sending; out Fad Book Coverw for the three-year subscriptions, please include one with this subscription T consider CO-OP Magrazirie one of the most instructive and best trade publications T have fvei had the erood fortune to sub scribe to T am looking" forward to the day when the cooperative movement can sup]tort a dailj publication In the April 1st, 1943, issue of tlie Coop erative Builder, in the Readers Think column, they published my idea for a Coopérative Dear Sus T would like 'further information cm Co ops " Here at the University of North Care h n a we are tiying to form a consumer coop erative. At oui first mppting last we^k wr h ad m ore t h an 100 enthu si ast ic persons— married student-veterans and townspeople We shall try to organize a buying club this week wit U thr ultimate goal of a co-op grocery store In my every letter directed north of the Masoii-Dixon Line T must include this mes «age and plea There are no co-op whole salers in the Southeastern region—the region that has the greatest social need for »on siimei cooperatives Thomas WrDarie 119 King Street Chapel Hill Norih Carolina The South Calls! Dear Sirs I enclose a check foi $2 to renew my sub scription T wish T knew someone here interested ac tively in co-ops Whenever T se*1 reference to established stores in other cities T write any CO-OP fLjZe^- • • Advertisers are going all out this year, the biggest buying spree in history. They're using their most lusciously enticing bait. At Christmas time it was, ''Give her Swoon Perfume—the gift that'll make her devastat ing, alluring, irresistible, ad naseam!" With the coming of the New Year it is, "Resolve to keep her soaked in Fume Per fume—it's perfectly suffocating!" At the risk of attracting the ~ame criticism, CO-OP Magazine would like to offer a New Year's resolution. You'd expect it to be, "I resolve to read CO-OP in 1947, and to get other coopéra- tors to subscribe!" But our rec ommendation is more embrac ing than that. We would suggest that every cooperator resolve that, "I will help to promote cooperatives! . to correct defects in our economy such as soaring prices, prospsct of depression, unem ployment, etc. ... to encourage co-ops elsewhere by making my own an example of successful operation . . to assure success to my organization by working with other co-ops and my re gional!" Of course, an implied, part of that resolution is that you'll use CO-OP Magazine as a tool in your ef forts to build cooperatives. Get others to sub scribe—read it yourself—and re new your subscription when it expires. CO-OP is changing over to a new coding system on its maga zine wrapper as advised by a reader. (The 4812's or Dec 48's terminated last issue; the 4701's or Jan 47's, this month; while the 4702's or Feb 47's end next month.) CO-OP Magazine has a New Year resolution too—not just to continue publishing articles of help to cooperators, but to im prove them and increase their number! Circulation Manager fiiends in that location and tell them aboul the stoie and its ideals Your maga?ine is inspiring, but rather tech nual for a beginner Can you suggest somt elementary literature [ could obtain on the movement and the earliest steps of orgamza tioii. such as a buying club9 Where is the nearest cooperative retail »tore to me? Mrs. H. B. Pratt, Jr. 23 Hibiscus Avenue Savannah Gïi. Valuable Dear Sirs. We should bt obliged if you would lei us have a copy of the JUNE issue of "CO-OP Magazine" oui s has strajed from our files So popular IP your magazine that we are considering kpppmg them in the "Safe de posit'' Alfred R. IVikins Public Relations Officer Cooperative Productive Review Leicester England Coming Events 1 Jan 1—New Saskatchewan Hospital Serv ions plan groes into effect. Jan. 1—Merger of Berkeley (California) Cooperative Fnion (hardware, appliances, gasoline 1 and tlie Consumers Cooperative of Berkeley (groceries) into one city-wide co-op Jan. 2 and ÎΗAppliances Committee, Na tional Cooperatives, Tnc , Chicago, 111 Jan 4—Hardware and Farm Supplies Com mittee, Farm Appliances Section, National Cooperatives, Tnc , Chicago, 111 Jan fi—Conference of cooperative editors, publicity, advertising" and membership rela tions workers National Council of Farmer Cooperatives Edgewater Beach Hotel, Chi- OAS'O HI Jan. 6—Conference of cooperative attorneys and auditors National Council Of Farmer Cooperatives, Ed^ewater Beach Hotel, Chi cago HI. Jan 6-1O—18th annual meeting's of the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives, Edgewater Beach Hotel, Chicago. Jan 7—Clinton P Andersen, U. S. Secre tary of Agriculture, addresses General Assem bly, National Council uf Farmer Cooperatives. Ed.S'ewater Beach Hotel, Chicago, III Jan 7 R—Working Conference on Urban Cooperative Development, at Baker Hotel. St Charles, HI. Jan. 8—Sir John Boyd Orr, Director Gen- ei al Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, addresses General As scmbly. National Council of Farmer Coop erative.-- Edg'ewater Beach Hotel, Chicago, 111 Jan 24-26—Third annual International Education Conference, UAW-CIO. and -First Himual Imernatioiial Education Fair and Ex position, at Hotel Hollenden, Cleveland, Ohio Jan. 27-28—Meeting of Sales and Adver tismer Committee, National Cooperatives Chi cago 111 Jan 29-30—Automotive Committee Meet inp-. National Cooperatives Inc. Chicago 111 BYb 10-22—Advanced Training School foi- Managers of Petroleum Cooperatives Spon sored by Consumers Cooperative Association Kansas City and Coffeyville Feb 15-10—Annual meeting-, Associated Cooperatives, San Jose and Palo Alto, Cali fornia Feb 16-23—14th annual observance of Biotherhood Week, sponsored by the National Conference of Christians and Jews Peb 18-20—National Conference on tlie Church and Economic Life called by the Fed eial Council of Churches of Christ in Ameri ca, Pittsburgh, Penna June 22-JuIy 5—Eleventh annual National Cooperative Recreation School, Mission House College Plymouth, Wisconsin CO-OP Magazine Texas Students Fly the Co-op Way Members of airplane cooperative rent planes from themselves and share the savings By V. R. Montanari Student. University of Texas ANEW organization whose suc cess is attracting attention all over the country is the University of Texas Cooperative Air Service. Formed by students and faculty members of the university in Aus tin, this group is claimed by its organizer and president to be the first cooperatively organized flying service in the country. Among its members are many former flyers of the Armed Forces, as well as several girl students. Included on the board of directors are three professors who teach courses on aviation at the university, and all are eager to spread the experience they have gained. In organizing the coopérative, Travis Willi amson of Carthage, Texas, studied and used the Roch dale principles, as well as technical knowledge gained in the School of Business Administration, where he is a junior. He returned to his stu dies recently after piloting a Li berator for the Army Air Forces in Europe After incorporating, the coopera tive sold 100 shares in the enter prise at $100 a share. Three Tay- lorcraft planes were purchased, and field facilities leased, including the Travis Williamson, organizer and president of the University of Texas Air Cooperative. presides at christening ceremonies shortly after the delivery last year of the cooperative's first three planes. Scene is the University Airport, Austin. Texas. Behind Williamson are university coeds who were asked to sponsor the planes. services of a cooperative manager. The planes are used by members only, either for straight pleasure flying, taxi service or for instruc tion. Members pay $6.00 an hour for the planes, compared to the local commercial rate of $8.00 an hour, and the $6.00 will be further reduced by dividends expected to be about $1.50 per flying hour at the end of the school semester. For lessons leading to a pilot's license, members pay $8.00 an hour (the commercial rate is $10), with the extra $2.00 going to the instruc tor-member providing the lesson. There are six members qualified by the Civil Aeronautics Board as in structors. The 30 hours of instructed flying and 10 hours of sole flying required for a license cost $260 in cash to the cooperative members. If dividends are as estimated, this will be re duced to about $200, while the com mercial rate adds up to $340 for local student pilots. The organization has proved a success during its first nine months of operation. During the first month, for instance, although only about 40 of the 100 members ac tually used the planes, all expenses (Continued on page 7) Christening the three planes of the University of Texas Air Cooperative last March. The privately-owned field was renamed University Air port because of the cooperative's patronage. January, 1947 5 Jl ,- ..'"1 «»««tK^WICat * 1. L !-f î V** «* V •< * V: , 't,-.- V *•••'". * « f -»• <«1 v- * ., gV-4* < »*t^i'*,gg flJBte ™ ^4» ^i, "-. "^ •^"1- -«r^ •«,. «£K f^i, -v ?£* J& ——!.*• •>• • —— Proper display islands, racks and bins have everything at pleasant eye-and-hand level in this new Hancock County, Indiana, co-op store From Old Mill to Modern Co-op Store Hoosier ingenuity converts run-down building into modern home and farm supply store with latest merchandising and layout ideas By H. C. FLEDDERJOHN Director of Education, Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Association SOME county cooperatives in In diana are recognizing that one of these days there is going to be such a thing as competition, and that the effective merchandising program will have a decided advan tage when that day comes. The lat est co-op to recognize this fact and do something about it is the Han cock County Farm Bureau Coop erative Association in Greenfield, Ind. A few months ago this organiza tion acquired an old building, one block off Main Street, that had been used as a manufacturing plant for mill work. The building was old and run down, but Manager Louis Swartz and the board of directors had a vision that it could be made into a modern farm and home sup ply store. Plans were drawn, and they went to work. The old mill equipment was moved and disposed of at a public sale, and the contractors went to work installing new floors and ceil ings. Part of the building was equipped for offices and a small re pair shop, and a space 43 by 65 feet was set aside for the store proper. They cut a big display window in the front end and redesigned the entrance so that it would invite pa trons to come in and shop. The main idea was to have a modern, attrac tive store that the farmers of Han cock County could be proud of, without incurring useiess expense. It was decided that the color scheme would be the standard co op cream and green with a white ceiling that would make maximum use of the 18 four-tube fluorescent lighting units. About $400 was spent on the store equipment itself—tables, racks, and display boards that would make it possible for patrons to see the mer chandise for sale, handle it, and make up their minds about buying, largely without the aid of a clerk. Most of this equipment is movable for easy cleaning and to make re arrangement possible, if desirable. Merchandise is then grouped on the tables by classes—home supplies, hardware, automotive supplies, etc. The day for the grand opening was set for Oct. 12. And, through heroic efforts of the employees and the help of the personnel of the farm and home modernization de partment of the Indiana Farm Bu reau Cooperative Association, ev erything was shipshape when the doors opened. Publicity had already gone out CO-OP Magazine about the event, souvenirs and door prL.es were planned for all who came, and the store took on the as pects of a family housewarming as the farmers of the county came in to admire their new venture. Store Manager Ruppert Poer could be pardoned for being justly proud at the obvious enthusiasm of the visitors—and proud, too, of the $2,798 sales record for the opening day. Texas Air Cooperative ((Continued from page 5) were covered and profit availabl0 for dividends amounted to 50 cents per flying hour. Expenses paid in cluded $498 for all field facilities ($200 of this is for field manage ment): $123 for depreciation on the planes (at a rate of 20 per cent a year) and $163 for prorated insur ance costs and miscellaneous ex- pences. The insurance covers the planes at cost, and $10,000 on each member. The shares m the cooperative are redeemable at 30 days' notice, when the member leaves the university or withdraws for any other reason. The cooperative finds that extra capital has been sufficient so far to take care of redemptions, but they make a point to keep alert for the first indication that this time should be extended Recently the coopera tive sold 50 additional shares in order to purchase one faster plane which members could use for long er weekend trips to faraway homes, and for cross-country flying. When the university flyers bought their planes, they obtained a discount of IVz per cent because they bought three at a time, but they believe a greater discount should be available for cooperative groups, and Williamson is investi gating the possibilities of organiz ing a purchasing cooperative to supply such groups on a national basis. In summarizing his experience, Williamson emphasizes these points for the benefit of other groups who would like to start an air co-op: 1. Try to restrict membership to active flyers only. (Why not a co-op traurng service, too.—Ed.) 2. Don't buy as many planes as you think you will need, until you learn how much the members will actually fly. 3. Operate the outfit on strict business accounting lines, such as paying for depreciation and insur ance and all other expenses out of income. The Texas club uses the Civilian Pilot Training Program figure of 20 per cent a year for estimating depreciation. The group finds that the average plane is still worth a few hundred dollars after five years use. The frame and fuselage do not wear out and can be refabricated if necessary, though because of engine wear, it is thought to be more advisable to turn in the plane by that time. 4. Try to have members act as manager, and mechanic too, if pos sible, on a rotating plan. For a small group with one plane, a manager would be unnecessary anyway. Keep Your Tools Sharp "Amusement and recreation are the very things that make our working hours profitable. He who carves so steadily that he has no time to sharpen his knife works with dull tools and cannot make much headway." IM. II ;'••?M! r .W „, i, 'IF: l v, '***. s Some more views of the new home and farm supply store opened recently by Hancock County Farm Bureau Co-op, Greenfield, Indiana. Note large front window—makes entire store a window display. All display racks are movable for cleaning, rearrangement. Merchandise is grouped by classes; everything has a price tag. January, 1947 7 'S • "we:: "I ^•S^ "*fy.- r * „ V-...- Interior of new streamlined co-op supermarket on Chicago's north side, opened in November by Chicago Consumers Cooperativ First Link Forged in Chicago Co-op Chain Unique membership enrollment methods, publicity campaigns and group activities are basic parts of Chicago-wide cooperative's building program THREE policemen were on hand to handle more than 1,200 visi tors who streamed through the new co-op store when the Edgewater co-op on Chicago's north side held its opening ceremony recently— ample evidence that a good public ity job was done—and here's how they did it: Players from the Toad Lane The ater co-op, amateur dramatics group, paraded through the streets dressed as town criers (see cover) announcing the grand opening. Ads in neighborhood newspapers, flyers for bulletin boards and mailings to members supplemented. Members paraded with placards outside the store, and a motorcade of decorated cars several blocks long toured the neighborhood with signs telling about the opening. Nearly a dozen co op "district as semblies" and several suburban communities were represented in the parade by members carrying banners such as "Nortown—Fastest growing district assembly in Chi cago," "South Shore," etc. Congrat ulatory messages were read from 8 By RUTH SCHUMM Editorial Staff, CO-OP Magazine other districts, all of which hope to be opening their own stores soon. It was the fast-growing Chicago Consumers Cooperative celebrating The Cover Picture -a- -— » • « & Betty Lawrence and Dolores Wojey, two of four members of C-3's Toad Lane Players who "town-crier-ed" the entire neighbor hood about the new CCCo-op store. Ads in neighborhood papers and direct mailings also were used. the opening of its first unit of a chain of co-op supermarkets when the Edgewater store at 5107 North Clark Street began operations in November with 350 members, a capital of $120,750, and facilities to handle a weekly volume of $8,000. The capital of CCC will be avail able for the opening of new stores in other neighborhoods as soon as enough members are obtained and store sites are located. The CCC organization plan aims to organize the whole city and build a membership foundation through out the entire urban area before beg'nning large-scale operations. Then, cne by one, in rapid succes sion, co-ops of all kinds can fairly "blossom forth" all over the city with each new opening giving fur ther impetus and encouragement to the drive. Ccoperators throughout the coun try are observing the progress of CCC in the hope that its pattern of rrganization may help to speed up urban development. Based on the structure of coop erative societies in Sweden and CO-OP Magazine England, the plan has several new angles which are in the experimen tal stages. One is the $5 non-return able membership fee which is used to defray the expense of a paid or ganizational staff. Another is the city-wide enlistment of members with the gradual development of natural centers for intensive organi zational work. This permits people interested in co-ops to invest and participate even before there is ade quate membership in their neigh borhood to permit establishing a How We Enroll 'Em in CCC By Two tf ho Have Done It By John L:ndgren ONCE I was asked what my method is in signing up mem bers and I said, "I lie on my couch, smoke my pipe and wait for my neighbors to come in and ask me about the co-op." I said this be cause I wanted to point out in a joking way that too many people are not willing to work hard enough for an idea in which they believe. It is not easy to enroll co-op mem bers. People are too busy with a lot of other things; they are not used to thinking about the impor tant things they have in common with others, even to lislen to you, unless you keep hammering away. Many people are cynical and have lost faith in the ability of human beings to organize for good as well as for bad. I am an instrument maker by trade and work hard during the day. Many nights I am too tired to want to start working all over again. But I know that if everybody thinks this way we will never be able to build a co-op. So I take my literature kit and receipt book and go to visit my friends and neighbors. Sometimes I don't get home till after midnight. Of course, the first thing that I tell people is about the democratic way in which our co-op is organ ized and the benefits it will give them. I explain the patronage re funds and how the co-op will give the best quality and honest service. But I am careful to tell them that we can't expect big dividends (sav ings returns) right away because it takes time to build a true co-op Selling co-op shares is no differ ent than selling anything else—you have to have patience and you must be able to answer many questions. No one should try to explain the cooperative without doing some reading himself. If every member would make it his business to be come informed about the co-op we could enroll many more new people. But even a good knowledge of the co-op will not do the job. Members must be willing to talk to their fr.ends as often as they can and whenever they have the chance. My advice to any member who wants to help is this: If you want to enroll members you have to work hard and stay with it. There is too much misinformation about it to make the job easy. You can't wait more than two or three days be tween visits. Otherwise people for get all about what you said first. By Berger Larson BY training I am a painter, not a salesman. By conviction, I would rather sell co-op shares than do anything else. Naturally, this is because I believe that through con sumer cooperation we can build a real democracy. It is because I be- (Continued on next page) r» - store there. Furthermore, it creates a common pool of capital for use in development throughout the city. Already leaders in other areas are putting some of these new ideas into effect; representatives of com munity groups in Detroit interested in developing a city-wide organi zation met November 6 and dis cussed preliminary plans. Twenty- seven leaders were from existing cooperatives, various church de nominations, major labor groups, and the YWCA. A similar program plan is also under consideration in Toledo, Ohio, where 300 people at tended a recent meeting to organ ize the expansion of the present To ledo Consumers Cooperative. In building its membership foun dation, Chicago Consumers Coop erative conducted a contest to speed recruitment, help arouse interest, and add to the publicity, reports Kurt Dreifuss, director of member ship activities. Final results showed John Lindgren, 4827 N Hermitage St., and Berger Larson, 1432 Farra- gut St, the two ace member-getters. As a special service to CO-OP Mag" azine readers, they have written about the methods they found most helpful in signing up new members in the big co-op drive. They voice the hope that some of their ideas will help cooperators elsewhere to build co-ops more rapidly. r . Cutting the ribbon to officially open the new Edgewater DA (district assembly) co-op store is 4-year-old Carol Jean Isaacsson, one of the young members. Assisting her are Wilhelm F. Levander (left), of the CCC central board, and Walter Johnson, of the Edgewater Membership Committee. January, 1947 How CCC Enrolls— (Continued from pyge 9) lieve this so firmly thai, I spend all my spare time in co-op work. How do I enroll members? There is nothing mysterious about it. Here is what I do: 1. I talk to my friends and tell ihem about the Chicago Consumers Cooperative (we just call it CCC)— and how we are based on the Roch dale Rules and are planning to open a modern chain of stores. I live in a Swedish community so I don't have to explain all about the basic prin ciples since many of my friends have lived in Sweden and know what a wonderful thing the co-op is there. l LITTLE GIANT PORTABLE for Short-Tube and Long-Tube Milkers To meet the current shortage of pipe, here's the standard 1/7X Little Giant fitted out as a porta ble. Changes over easily to a pipe line installation—or it can be used permanently as shown. It's the only portable available for use with Short-Tube Milkers as well as Long-Tube. And in spite of extra equipment—wheels, handle, belt-guard—the price remains the same as the stationary model. Or der from your regional. NATIONAL COOPERATIVES. INC. 10 2. Next I tell about Waukegan to show that consumers there have successfully run a chain of six co-op stores for many years. That usually impresses them. It is surprising how few people know that we have suc cessful co-op stores in this country 3. I never forget to point to the example of the Swedish co-ops— how they broke the light bulb mo nopoly and brought down the price of bulbs, and how they have avoided a serious depression and been able to stay out of two wars. I believe the co-op deserves credit for this. 4. I always carry literature with me and refuse to take "no" for an answer. If I can't convince someone the first time, I leave the literature with him and tell him to talk it over with his friends. I then come back a second time or more often if necessary in order not to have to g*ve up. I don't care what a person's work is, I think every intelligent person can be enrolled in a co-op. In this connection I would like to tell a little experience I had at our new store opening celebration. I was standing outside when I noticed a man next to me who owns a grocery store a few blocks away. He was there with his wife and I said to him, "What are you doing here? This is not your idea of doing business." "Listen," he answered, "my fa ther was in the co-ops in Sweden for many years. I, too, believe in the cooperative movement. I am not thinking of myself but of a better world in the future for my grand children. I believe that cooperatives are the only way to prevent future wars and depressions." Of course, I signed him up! Don't Mail Publicity About Door Prizes If your co-op is planning to raise money by selling "chances" for a drawing, be careful about the way you advertise it. U. S. Postal Laws provide that no notices or informa tion can be sent through the mails relating to lotteries, drawings, raf fles, guessing contests, etc., where prizes are awarded by lot. This covers notices that door prizes or table prizes will be given away, unless they are to be distrib uted on a basis of skill. Publicity through the mails is prohibited even for card or bunco parties if admis sion is charged and prizes offered. INDEX I40r - BUSINESS ACTIVITY JANUARY 1945 = 100 A minor and probably temporary break in -farm prices as of November; a slight lessening of the increase rate for wholesale prices. But factory employment and production advance at a greater pace, and, yet, the stock prices stay down. What is the answer? Why don't the probabilities make for bullishness among the speculators? Some say great "prosperity" for 1947; others say a "mild repression." The wise course is still. Buy only the absolute needs; pay off debts; hedge for a possible bust. CO-OP Magazine By Morris R. Mitchell Gold From Hole to Hole TVEEP experience can so grip human emotions as long to JL/ overrule reason. One who in war has lain by force of circumstance a whole October's night in a shallow trench of running water, while rain drenched him constantly from above, may for years after, on vivid recollection of that harrowing night, though in a warm room, experience agony of cold to the bone's marrow and break out with "goose flesh." By a gripping fear of scarcity, man is held from reason ing his way into the realm of peaceful abundance. A third of a million years of necessary scarcity have given us a maniac's greed for the scarce, almost regardless of worth for use. Take gold, the very symbol of scarcity, relatively worth less for use, the most generally accepted monetary basis. How we dig it, hoard it, buy it with useful goods, bury it, guard it! There are mines in South Africa so deep into the earth's crust that electric refrigeration must keep the air cool enough for men to work. Humans so toil to bring this rare metal together, only to dig another hole in Kentucky and rebury it. Costly metal encased in a costly safe, guarded night and day by automatic alarms and soldiers whose precious lives are only further sacrifices to the great god gold. May the fever subside among us. May reason awake. Our currency is not even redeemable in gold. Our govern ment, owning the gold, does not issue our currency. We have forced some other nations, by our monopoly of gold, into a realization of its true worth in limited uses. Disillusioned, they gladly sell it to us for truly enriching goods, as tractors, dynamos, structural steel, fertilizers, chemicals. We'd better stop these silly purchases. We'd better mould our fifteen billion dollar lump into a cable and let it carry a million horsepower of electric current from source to fac tory. Its conduction of current is supreme. It is better for current than currency. Cooperatives will make all this clearer to see as more people employ the twin principles of consumer service, democratic control Included in this month's pages for cut-out and insertion hi your Fact Book cover are a breakdown of data concerning Petroleum Production Facilities, and the beginning of a thumb-nail Co-op Hall of Fame. These are on pages 21 and 22. On this page and page 12 are a revision of ORG-1 and ORG-2 to bring the director lists up to date, and a RECREA TION section page that should fill a currently growing de mand. Word from CCW-land, where the Goolibah puppet show played before 25,029 persons in 25 days of perform ances, great enthusiasm is reported together with many re quests for the Goolibah Song, originated by the Stevens', who present the puppet show. It's a good theme song for meetings, and here it is—with a brief list of other recrea tional reference and tool materials. You should add a blank page following last month's new index, and list the new items in this issue. Officers and Directors National Cooperative» A. 3. Haj-es .........................President 3, li. Nolan.....................Vice President Howard A. Cowden.........Secretary-Treasurer T. A. Tenhune....Asstatant Secretary-Treasurer Directors Representing Dave Smeaton. J. R. Love................... ..............Alberta Cooperative Wholesale Hal Norton. Robt. Neptune................. ......................... Associated Coop'veg D. G. MacDonald, S. F. Ricketts............. .....British Columbia Cooperative Wholesale A. J. Hayes, William Liimatainen........... ...............Central Cooperative Wholesale Laurle L. Lehtin. Jacob Liukku............. .................Central States Cooperatives Howard A. Cowden. Bruce McCully.......... ..........Consumers Cooperative Association Leonard F. Cowden, H. H. Hogue............ ...........Consumers Cooperative Associated William M. Blaisdell. Leslie E. Woodcock.... ........................ Elastern Cooperatives J. E. Kellner. W. B. Stough................. .......Farm Bureau Cooperative Association B. A. Rainey, J. F. Yaeger.................. ......................Farm Bureau Services C. S. Jones. M. G. Mann. .Farmers Coop've Bxch. J. L. Nolan, William Sanderson.............. ............Farmers Union Central Exchange Jacob Kupp, A. C. McPherson............... ..............Farmers Union State Exchange I. H. Hull. Carlos C. Palmer................ .....Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Ass'ni E. B. Chown, J. J. Siemens.................. .............Manitoba Cooperative Wholesale Jerry F. Shea, A. J. Smaby................. ..............Midland Cooperative Wholesale Chas. Baker, R. W. Hogg.Pacific Supply Coop've H. S. Agster, R. N. Benjamin.............. ......Penna. Farm Bureau Cooperative Ass*n Robert McKay, Georgre Urwin............... .......Saskatchewan Federated Cooperatives 3. B. Jones, L. O. Upton..................... ..............Tennessee Farmers Cooperative Hugh Bailey, W. A. Ames................... .......United Farmers Cooperative Company Joseph A. Geddes, W. B. Robins............. ................Utah Cooperative Association 1.1.47 ORGANIZATION—I January. 1947 II 1-1.47 Officers and Directors The Cooperative League Murray D. Lincoln...................President Howard A. CoWden.............Vice President E. R. Bowen..................Acting Secretary Leslie E. Woodcock..................Treasurer Directors Mary E. Arnold.......... Eastern Cooperatives Charles Baker......-Pacific Supply Cooperative K. N. Benjamin............................. ......Penna. Farm Bureau Cooperative Ass'n H. A. Cowden..... Consumers Cooperative Ass'n Perry L. Green. .Farm Bureau Cooperative Ass'n E. A. Whitney...Central Cooperative Wholesale I. H. Hull.. ............National Cooperatives Andrew P. Jensen..Midland Coop've Wholesale Wm. Liimatainen.Central Cooperative Wholesale Murray D. Lincoln.......................... ..........Farm Bureau Mutual Auto Ins. Co. Orrin Shipe.......-Central States Cooperatives A. J. Smaby... .Midland Cooperative Wholesale Dwiglit D. Townsend........................ .......... Consumers Cooperative Association J. P. Warbasse........ ....President Emeritus L. E. Woodcock... .Eastern Cooperative League Cooperative Finance Ass'n of America Perry L. Green...................... .President Glenn S. Fox..............First Vice President J. E. Kellner............Second Vice President E. R. Bowen.........................Secretary T. A. Tenhune..... ..... ..........-Treasurer Directors Representing Harland Alien..... .Central States Cooperatives Charte» Baker.......Pacific Supply Cooperative William M. Blaisdell.... .Eastern Cooperatives Glenn S. Fox......... Consumers Coop've Ass'n Perry L. Green..Ohio Farm Bureau Corporation Arnold Ronn.. .Central Cooperative Wholesale J. E. Keltner...Farm Bureau Cooperative Ass'n Emil Selvig.....Midland Cooperative Wholesale T. A. Tenhune. National Cooperatives ORGANIZATION—2 SOME RECREATIONAL HELPS Folk Dances ALL JOIN HANDS, E. Linson & J. Smith, t .16 AMERICAN FOLK DANCES, Kit 49, Co operative Recreation Service. .. .. .26 Games MAKE YOUR OWN GAMES, National Recreation Association ................ .10 HOME GAMES. Neva L. Boyd (Co-op Edition) ............................... .26 A HANDBOOK OF GAMES. Neva L. Boyd. 300 games for children and grown-ups. Cloth bound ........................... 2.00 Puppetry PUPPETS, Kit 40. Cooperative Recreation Service. Marionette, puppet construction -26 A FEW REFERENCES ON HAND PUP PETS, National Recreation Association.. .05 Song Books SINGING AMERICA, Augustus D Zanzig. 120 songs. Vocal Edition................ .SO Piano Edition .......................... 1.60 JOYFUL SINGING, Cooperative Recreation Service. 70 folk songs from many lands.. .25 Plays A MAN'S MONUMENT, Fred Eastman. Humorous fantasy. Scene in Heaven; deals with struggle for cooperation on earth .................................. .60 THE BOY IS BETTER. Paul Linson. Pres sure is brought to bear on a doctor to give up his position at the co-op hospital..... .25 EDUCATION BEGINS AT HOME, Jamee Norris. Father, chairman of the education committee of the local co-op, tries to explain cooperatives to Aunt Alice...... .15 Recreation in the Cooperative Program PLAY AS A MEANS OF SOCIAL ADJUST MENT, Neva L. Boyd................... .05 Order any of the above, or a complete catalog of Recreational Materials from your regional cooperative, of from national Cooperative», 343 S. Dearborn St., Chicago 4. 111. RECREATION—4 O o O o o To Help Your Auditor THE Cooperative Auditing Service has prepared an out line of things to do before the auditors come. Keep this outline and check it point by point as you complete each one. In order to get the most accurate closing, you must have: (1) Accurate inventories of merchandise and cash. (2) Com plete records of your business transactions, terminating ex actly at the time of the inventory count. (3) Verification of receivables. (4) Complete record of all types of liabilities. (5) Complete patronage and stock records. (6) Record of all corporate acts, such as minutes of all meetings of members and directors, and amendments to Articles of Incorporation and By-laws, if any. Check List The Board of Directors should: (1) Appoint an inventory committee. (2) Pass a resolution distributing the annual net margins, savings or returns before the close of the year. (3) Prepare the proper resolutions for changes in Articles of In corporation and By-laws. (4) Review all minutes of meetings. (5) Prepare reports on year's activities. (6) Make plans for next year. (7) Arrange audit of records. Secretary should: (1) Have complete record of all meet ings. (2) Prepare and send out notice of membership meet ings. (3) Inform the management of all decisions of Board pertaining to management. (4) See that all governmental re ports are filed in time. (5) Have up to date list of voting members for annual meetings. Inventory Committee board should: (1) Record inventory in duplicate. (2) Retain a copy of inventory for auditors. (3) Count the cash at inventory time. (4) Record cash in detail, list checks by name and identify coin and currency. (5) Make inventory count after, not before, the close of business for the year. (6) Measure and weigh—not guess. Manager and Bookkeepers should: (1) Report results of all operations to the directors. (2) Assist the inventory com mittee. (3) Price the inventory right. (4) Lost and age receiv ables and prepare verification forms. (5) Secure statements on payables, taxes, etc. (6) Complete stock and patronage records. (7) Balance all books. (8) Prepare reconcilements for receivables, bank and payables. (9) Put files in order. tytoufia, ßtut, A ramble through the mind of the modern man would reveal the same juxtaposition of beliefs that have endured unchanged for centuries, with ideas gleaned from the morn ing paper, all put together in a structure with a shaky enough foundation and with many a makeshift to fill the gaps, yet somehow strong enough to answer the demands made on it and to give shelter until it can be improved. A man today will believe that the mercury atom can be changed into an atom of gold, and that Jesus of Nazareth rose from the dead and now sits at the right hand of God, that it is glorious to die on the field of battle for one's coun try, and that all disputes between nations should be settled in a world court, that the unions should be smashed and that the world should be made safe for democracy; and he will believe these things with as little sense of their origin and their meaning and their relevance to his own life as the Roman boy playing in the streets displays toward the em bodied past about him. — from The Making of the Modern Mind, by John Herman Randall, Jr. Two additional double-faced pages for your CO-OP Fact Book on pages 21-22. 12 CO-OP Magazine AS the new year opens,, the Christmas trees have been put on the rubbish heap, the trimmings put away, and the world has turner! attention again to business, politics, sports and clubwork. And. as some press the question about KEEPING Christmas, the idea seems more compell ing than ever that our paramount aim in building and patronizing cooperatives must be more than saving ourselves some money. It must be to influence and revise the economic processes so as to reduce strife and suffering in the world and increase the opportunity and ability of people to live as brothers. Co-ops are advancing rapidly—locally, regionally, nationally, internationally. Thev are de veloping efficiency, expanding services, and effecting economies for patrons. These are important strides, and they should continue in even greater measure. But we must never lose sight of the so cial and psychological gains that come to the people in these cooperatives as they work together to serve themselves and do it without the quest for profits. We must be ever mindful—and remind ful—that many strong cooperatives working together can combat monopoly and lessen the tenden cies away from democratic methods We must constantly remember and emphasize that co-ops can promote international understanding with unique effectiveness, and reduce the threat of vvai. *3fefyt fZetCuce ScowMtic Stride Improvement of quality and price of the things we buy is an important service, [f that were our only objective, though, and if we could be sure of a freely competitive market, we could achieve our goal simplv by organizing into buyer pressure groups; we could thus avoid the responsibility of owning and operating our own business enterprises. But there is more. The urgent thing is to throw the force of strong user-owned cooperatives into the economic tug-of-war throughout the world in order to lessen the effectiveness of monopolistic and imperialistic groups. Further, the world-wide deepening of understandings and sympathies that co-ops can foster between different peoples will help much to make a lasting peace. In this period of so-called peace, little of the world is peaceful. People are actually embattled in various parts of our globe. Profit capital and organized labor and radically divergent political forces are girding for the roughest and most extensive series of struggles in history —struggles that may lead to widespread civil strife, that may threaten the very foundations of democracy. "De«Hoviei6ty "TTCuât fëe Saved, In these forebodings lies a mighty challenge to cooperators. In the next round of slugging, co ops may be a hit too little and too late to control all phases of the situation. But we can work diligently for more control (through ownership) of production and distribution facilities—and, thus, more participation in and more to say about national and international trade—the real cause» of war or peace. We can develop mutual understandings and provide exercise in the processes of democracy. We can help people form cooperative attitudes that will enable them as citi/ens and workers to be agres sive in the quest for justice, but ready to avoid tactics that hazard the loss of the democracy and freedoms we have. Yes, co-ops are most important for the program they offer to enable all people eventually to keep Christmas. That is the great challenge for all cooperators—for those whose stores are making savings —for those where savings are missing—for those to whom savings may be unimportant —for those for whom they are imperative. We must double the effort. -I } V MEMBERS of a cooperative home-building project have an opportunity to do something about one of America's most urgent problems—how to build better com munities and better places in which to live. Most planned communities are entirely built (and only a few turn out to be good examples of what we're striving for); then the resi dents are invited to rent or buy. But in planning a mutual project, cooperators can take an active part in shaping their own community quite literally from the ground up —they can participate in the physical planning process from the very beginning. Such community cooperation has seldom if ever been attempted before. New Design—For Good Living If we want all the advantages of 20th-century living, certainly we must abandon the 19th-century kitchen and bathroom, the 18th- century interior, and the 17th-cen tury exterior. But does that mean we will get those now-familiar Sunday supplement features such as the disposable or Kleenex house, the all-glass or Gypsy Rose Lee house, the circular or Hamburg Heaven house? I doubt it. The emphasis will be on a house superior in design to the pre-war house — completely equipped, adequately landscaped, and located in a thoroughly planned and protected neighborhood. Everyone knows that building costs are high. It follows auto matically that to get them down the complex building operation 14 Architect Looks at Co-OD H op nousms Some ideas on the kinds of homes and communities that cooperators should build—and the benefits of group planning "from scratch" By JOHN FUNK Consulting Architect, Peninsula Housing Association, Palo Alto, Calif. must be simplified. The number of parts (30,000 in a typical small cus tom-built house) must be reduced. This is precisely what post-war building must do. At least in the immediate post war period, we must start with the prefabricated elements of con struction already evolved in re cent years. But we must rational ize them by improving their design And we must establish a common scale so that the various products of different factories can be readily combined. Thus we will be able to build dwellings that not only have the economies, efficiences, and fin ish that only factory workmanship affords, but also allow for their easy combination in the house—with the recognition of the particular re quirements of the family and the site. In this group approach to hous ing, perhaps the simplest step is the use of a simple structural sys tem that provides an adequate roof with the necessary supports. The next steps become somewhat more complicated. The requirements of living—which should dictate the placement of walls, windows, and the arrangement of space — are more complex than the problem of providing shelter. But a great deal of experience and experiment has shown that this problem can be met. It is possible, for instance, to set a modular plan ning unit of somewhere between 3 and 4 feet. This will allow for rooms of almost any size or dis position within the structural framework. It is also possible to use various finishes, materials, etc. Thus we can achieve a plan which is tailored to the individual needs and to the site—and yet utilizes CO-OP Magazine » III the economies and efficiencies of the factory. Trend to Easier Living During the depression '30's and these wartime years, the trend has been to cut down the floor space needed for good living. Fortunate ly, we can now reverse this trend. Through préfabrication, through rationalized structural methods and materials, we can make adequate space available within modest budgets; we can again have "room for living." Space will be more efficiently arranged for living area. More at tention will be paid to window areas, the sun, the breeze, the view, outdoor living, and the garden. And for easier living, we can look to more efficient kitchens, to storage for everything in the house, to built-in furniture to cut down the effort of house-cleaning. We can count on plenty of space to do all the things the family wants to do— without confusion. An Integrated Living Unit The sum of these changes is not a Cape Cod cottage or a midget French chalet. It is, in plan and appearance, truly a contemporary house Present-day living won't stand for many of those incongruous house features which were con ceived for the petticoat and bustle era. Yet this accent on easy living does not call for cold, grim design. Although we don't agree with those ! •A. •— .. „_ in. t ^^ FIWSJ FU-OR.PU« Jit. 1 fete] i1 L «.•t r who believe that fine design ceased with the 18th Century, nor with those who distrust the present and fear the future and thus slavishly copy the past, we heartily do rec ognize that good design must be respected. In the past, the structural prob lem and the land-use problem have tended to be solved in a spirit of mutual exclusiveness. (The former is much closer to solution than the latter.) Actually, both problems must be solved together, because each reacts on the other. Building a house is, essentially, enclosing a certain cubic volume of air space to make it more usable for people by keeping out the rain and ilCONP flood, fU II controlling temperature, light, pri vacy, etc. But it is a mistake to fol low the standard practice of de signing the house as a box of liv ing space, placing it appropriately on the lot, and then landscaping it. Actually, when you buy a lot, you buy a cube of air space to live in. The bottom side, or floor, is the earth of the lot. So why not plan the use of the entire lot at once, as a coordinated series of ra tionally connected indoor and out door rooms? This is the only way to avoid the waste and inconve nience of the majority of our homes, such as useless side-yard and driveway space, front yards (Continued on next page) it ûtfo T&nactiee Author Funk and his associates are now completing a topographic survey of land purchased by Peninsula Housing Association, at Palo Alto, California, preliminary to the pre paration of the site plan. Two-foot contours are being mapped in the sections where building is contem plated, in order to locate the build ing on the lots and to grade the lots, reports Ralph Evans, vice-president of the project and president of As sociated Cooperatives. Architectural plans for homes will be developed along with the site plan in order to fit the house to the lot. The site plan is expected to be com pleted by July 1, 1947. This will make grading and trenching possible during 1947. If prices seem stable and if materials are available in com petitive quantity and good quality, home construction will be started in 1948. A cooperative business section will be constructed at the same time the homes are built, as well as utilities distribution systems and a sewage disposal plant. The organization has become a member of the regional, Associated Cooperatives, at Oakland, California, and expects to take advantage of the opportunity to purchase building materials through the wholesale and National Cooperatives. The name selected for the commu nity by the members is Ladera, Spanish for hillside. Membership is now at the half-way mark and stands at 225. January, 1947 15 An Architect Looks— l Continued from page 15) larger than necessary, rear gardens accessible only through kitchen and laundry porch, clothes-lines and garbage cans which clutter up the back yard and are too far from the kitchen and laundry, no place for the children to play, etc. If we plan our homes with the entire lot as the starting point— as integrated indoor-outdoor units —the house breaks down into four main sections: 1) Public approach: front yard, porch or stoop, vestibule and entry hall. 2) General living-space: living, dining, garden or patio. 3) Individual living space: bed, bath, sleeping porch or pri vate garden for sun-bathing. 4) Work or service space: kitchen, laundry, service- yard for drying, garbage, wood-chopping, general clutter; children's play (in cluding the garage in wet weather) ; growing vege tables and cut flowers. Some Common Failings When we look at the total ''house" in this way, and plan the use of all the lot at once, we are more likely to avoid certain com mon failings of home development programs. Sketches of homes which accom pany this article were reproduced frcm architect's drawings sent re cently to members of the Racine Cooperative Homes Association to poll their style preferences. The Association, which started activities in June, 1945, under UAW-CIO District Council sponsorship, plans to begin construction next spring and hopes to complete from five to ten homes per week. Savings of group buying, mass production methods and elimination of sales commissions and speculative prof it are expected to make the cost well below the current level. Membership for the project is be ing solicited, among other ways, by running ads in the daily newspaper explaining "Why the home for you is a co-op home—a cooperative cannot profiteer." The ad is pro ducing many inquiries, and the prospective member calling at the Association office is shown large drawings of the homes, plot map, a questionnaire on his housing fa needs, the organization by-laws and the membership list. Racine workers report that the best means of promotion is by word of mouth —some of their members have brought in a dozen new ones. Houses are assigned to the va rious lots by the architect, and a member chooses from the plat the best combination of suitable loca tion and a house that meets his requirements; house descriptions accompany each lot shown on the plat. As indicated in the sketches, emphasis is placed on the two most popular architectural types — Co lonial and Modern. Modifications have been made to take full ad vantage of solar orientation (note large windows, even in Cape Cod house) and variety of design. 375 lots measuring 60 feet or more in width have been plotted on the 114 acres, and the sketches have been sent to the membership which now numbers 150. Members get choice of lots in the order that they join the cooperative. 1) The money is all spent before the development of the space around the house can be considered. 2) Bad connections between the usable garden area and the living part of the house, or between serv ice area and work rooms. 3) Unsatisfactory grades, un- ;-f K'i- -.. v. ^ '*,« ' '••; '.. /MI'S' .,?; j , /•),> - •. - .v '< 16 f Lo om f i i it CO-OP Magazine pleasant slopes in the wrong places, poor drainage, seepage and down spout problems — all these result from failure to relate floor and foundation levels properly to the levels around them. Solution of such problems, if not originally planned with the house, requires considerable extra expense and in convenience. 4) The topsoil is removed, or buried under subsoil, clay, or rock during excavation and construction operations. This makes extra ex pense and labor buying and plac ing new topsoil, or a continuous struggle to make plants grow in poor soil. Ways to Avoid Failure We can avoid these failures by 1) Planning the development and use of all the lot and community space at once. 2) Budgeting carefully to take care of essential outdoor work. 3) Working out all the house and garden levels and drainage slopes together as a unit Remembering that level space is essential to the outdoor use of land; that any slope greater than six-to-eight per cent probably requires terracing to be useful; and that such terracing is relatively cheap and easy when done before other development or construction has begun. 4) Stripping and stock-piling top- soil from all construction and graded areas, and setting rough grades in planted areas to allow for the return of the topsoil. When it comes to relating the structural elements to the natural materials—that is, the house itself to the earth, water, rocks and plants—much careful study is re quired. For it is important to pro duce the greatest integration and coherence of indoor and outdoor space on the individual lot, and of buildings and grounds in the com munity. Here is where planting comes in. Planting, it must be remembered, is only incidentally decorative. It has a very positive and important structural function in giving form and character to all outdoor spaces, both private and public. It must complete the unified and integrated character of the total site develop ment, giving what might be called a symphonic inclusive expression to the community. This overall planting can be de veloped through planning a skele ton project planting scheme. This scheme will determine and control "Given the opportunity, I could male an angel outa your mother." the basic tree, shrub, and ground cover planting. Yet it will also leave plenty of space and latitude for the exercise of individual and group initiative in the planting of such things as flowers, vegetables, and specimen plants. Finally, cooperators have the op portunity to expand the concept of the house—planned to the needs of the individual—to include the whole community. Site-planning for such a commu nity is not just a process of placing buildings on the land and connect ing them with roads and utilities Nor is it placing a skeleton of roads and utilities on the land and fitting the buildings to it. It is the or ganization of the site's total land and air space for its best use and enjoyment by the people who will live there. The basic skeleton of this kind of site-planning is composed of five parts: First, the public open space or "commons." Then the heart — the community center, which includes shopping, management, meeting place, recreation rooms, nursery school, etc. Roads or streets might be thought of as a circulatory sys tem which serves this basic skele ton from the outside. The homes are vital nerve centers, served by the heart and circulatory system. And finally, we have an outer skin —a greenbelt of planting which protects the community and in sulates it from its unpredictable surroundings. Thorough Analysis Urgent This rational analysis does not mean to destroy the romance and excitement of home and commu nity. Rather it seeks to release those factors from the dull weight of old precedents and rules which have long since lost their relevance. It is precisely because more ro mance, more imagination, more pleasure and contentment in hous ing are needed that such thorough analysis of these problems is ad vocated. Fortunately, you now have an interval in which to figure out the best way to reach your co operative objective — homes and community planned for the best in 20th century living. Steal! At a loss of 150 million dollars to the people of the U. S.. the large Government steel plant at Geneva, Utah, was sold for % its original cost to the U. S. Steel Corp. A blow to competition and a real gain for monopoly, this transaction raises the question of why the same effort to encourage competition was not observed in disposal of steel plants as was followed in the re cent sale of Government aluminum properties. Star Half-Backs Need It For hard-driving energy and vital ity there's no better breakfast cereal than rolled oats. Each whole oat grain packs more food value, con tains more protein, than any other cereal. And it's the best source of thiamin and iron. Yes, a star half back needs CO-OP Rolled Oats—so does his family. And it's the cereal that's easiest on the family budget. For real consumer value, give CO OP Rolled Oats that promotional plus it deserves. CO-OP Rolled Oats NATIONAL COOPERATIVES, INC. January, 1947 17 Notes About Commodities A regular CO-OP Magazine department supplying important data about availability, specifications, distribution and uses of CO-OP commodities H. E. Bogardus Department Manager Imports from Sweden Arrangements have been com pleted for importing certain fish products from Kooperative For- bundet in Sweden. The first ship ment consists of canned fishballs. The CO-OP label has been air mailed to K.F. and this first post war shipment to National Coopera tives should leave the docks at Stockholm around December 15. The price promises to be very rea sonable—something between 18c and 20c per 13-oz. can on the wholesale level—this includes the 12%% import duty and of course ocean freight and insurance. Sometime in the early part of 1947, arrangements for shipping K.F.'s cross pack Brisling sardines t-Q should be completed. Already K.F. has allocated 10,000 cases but these await the lifting of certain import restrictions by the State Depart ment. Aside from the normal healthy demand for these products—their importation presents, in a tangible way, the international aspects of the cooperative movement. This should be of interest to most of your members, and reference is made to i1 on the label. New Razor Blade Packaging Ready Completely redesigned, the new razor blade carton and package perform an important point-of-sale promotional job. Neat and attrac tive, the carton folds simply and easily to become an eye-catching counter or shelf display merchan diser. They're especially adaptable to retail as a unit of 100 blades. CO-OP blades are made of im ported Swedish chrome steel, hardened to 90-92 Rockwell. Each blade has a lacquered finish as a The new razor blade cartoni come with pre-cut tops—they fold up simply and quickly (as shown in the second and fourth views from the left) for use as counter and shelf displays. protection against rust. And of course they're available in both single edge and double edge styles —each package and carton being distinctively different to prevent errors in selection and wrapping. More About Spices (Continued from December issue) Nutmeg and mace, the only two spices coming from the same plant which have a different flavor, are still in short supply. Even though the Japanese occupied the East In dies, the character and hardiness of the nutmeg trees did not suffer through neglect. Therefore, it will be a relatively simple matter to in crease available supplies. Cassia and cinnamon were almost immediate casualties following Pearl Harbor. Production is con fined to Southeastern Europe and neighboring islands. Cassia and cinnamon are practically synony mous. True cinnamon is somewhat milder in flavor than cassia. Both are the dried inner bark of a tree belonging to the laurel family. Both of these are now on the way back into world trade and should be in more adequate supply before long. Cinnamon probably has more uses than any other spice since it not only is more widely used as a flavoring for pastries, candy, dentifrices, to name only a few, but its oil is used in medicine for its astringent, antiseptic and carmina tive properties. CO-OP pure spices will be m more adequate supply as the world situation improves. There will be price increases, especially in black pepper, in order to absorb the higher prices which will have to be paid to buy successfully in the ris ing world market. Sanitary Napkins The trend has been increasingly toward the fluff type of construc tion (similar to Modess). CO-OP has been distributing both fluff and layer types—however, eventually we will distribute the fluff type only. The CO-OP package is being revised so that no description or reference to the construction type \8 CO-OP Magazine T*. Merchandiser which was built at the CO-OP Universal factory to display and to store rubber replacement parts in the sales and service department at Waukesha. will appear. Thus, unnecessary du plication of inventories will be eliminated at both the wholesale and the retail levels. As has been proved, Sanitary Napkins sell well from food stores They sell best when displays are prominent, adequate, easy to reach — and when individual packages are pre-wrapped. CO-OP Napkins can be purchased pre-wrapped from your regional at a slight ex tra charge. (In a case of 48/12's, 45 are pre-wrapped.) And don't forget that extra margin — averag ing between 23% and 30% at the retail level — it makes any extra merchandising effort well worth while. Farm Appliances Otto A. Nurkkala Department Manager New Little Giant Portable Because of the current shortage of pipe, the engineering depart ment at Waukesha has designed a new CO-OP Portable—putting the standard 1/7X Little Giant Power Outfit on wheels. This will permit easy change-over to a regular pipe line installation as soon as pipe is again available. The portable is complete with L/2 HP. motor, one- cylinder pump, tank, spring type relief valve and gauge and 50-ft. extension cord, plus portable equip ment such as wheels, handle, belt- guard, etc. This new portable is the only one on the market that can be used with a short-tube milker as well as a long-tube. It's sturdily con structed and designed for perma nent use as a portable if desired. The factory recommends its use with one milker unit only—plus an extra milk pail (with sanitary lid) for efficiency in milking. It's equipped with the new improved combination muffler and oil filter to assure quiet operation and keep oil in better condition. Shipments are being made currently—order from your regional. Milker Parts Merchandiser The merchandiser for storing and displaying rubber replacements, shown on this page, was built for use in the sales and service de partment at the CO-OP Universal factory. It serves the double pur pose of affording a reminder type display of the entire rubber line— and also of keeping the parts within convenient reach. When a patron asks for an item, the salesman has only to reach behind the merchan diser for it—saves time and steps. The merchandiser is 50 in. high, 38 in. wide and about 22 in. from front to back at the bottom, and 12 in. deep at the top. It cost the Universal Division between $40 and Rear view of the replacement parts mer chandiser showing the large handy bins, each with index cards for prices and order numbers. S50 for construction and materials. The possibility of producing a sim ilar merchandiser in steel is being investigated. Automotive Su Wayne W. Lehto Department Manager The larger of two battery chargers now available to local CO-OP stores and filling stations—it charges the average battery in about five hours' time. New Battery Charger In view of the battery situation as outlined above, the importance of keeping batteries in prime work ing condition, properly charged and filled with acid, becomes a No. 1 concern for motorists and filling station attendants alike. With this in mind, orders are being solicited for two new battery chargers. Both chargers are convenient to use— and they do the job at an average cost of only 2c a battery. The larger size, Model 63, is 4V2 in. by &/z in. by Wz in. It's equipped with an ammeter, and does the job about 50% faster than the smaller size, Model 42. Both chargers are be ing shipped now, but unfortunately deliveries on the larger model are slowed up by the scarcity of am meters. Serious consideration ought to be given to the need for these battery chargers, as used batteries, if kept properly charged, will help January, 1947 19 cooperative consumers over the winter months. Send your orders to your regional. No More Rayon in 6.50's Because of the continued short age of rayon, the entire tire indus try is planning to discontinue the manufacture of 6.50 cross section Passenger car tires in rayon. As a result, CO-OP Tires in the 6.50 size will be made of cotton after December 15. The sizes affected are: 6.50-15's and 6.50-16's, CO-OP Heavy Duty, in four and six-ply and 6.50-16 CO-OP Bar Lug tires, in 4-ply. Continued Battery Crisis Sad news continues to haunt fill ing stations and automotive depart ments the country over. The lat est pronouncement on the supply of lead for batteries cannot be called encouraging. In a report by Mr. Daggett of the National Bat tery Company, some of the prin cipal reasons for the current short age are laid to abnormal demand, plus low ceilings, plus shortage of labor. According to Mr. Daggett, the country entered the fourth quarter of 1946 with lowest stock of auto mobile batteries in history, and even though the fourth quarter de mand is normally 20% higher than the third quarter, the battery in dustry is producing 16% less than in the third quarter, and over 40% less than in the fourth quarter of 1945. "Even though all restrictions were removed," Mr. Daggett states, "it would take some time to catch up with and take care of current demand." In concluding his report, Mr. Daggett pointed out that motorists should be made conscious of the Fact that they must take perfect care of their batteries or be pre pared to walk. Gives Contest Award to CARE "Winning $100 was the nicest Christmas present I ever received and playing Santa Claus to ten hungry little children in Europe by sending them enough food for a month, is the best Christmas pres ent I have ever been able to give," says Jean Meyers, of Milwaukee. Miss Meyers, a Milwaukee office girl, was winner of the name con test conducted by the Cooperative Insurance Companies at St. Paul. Mutual Service Life Insurance Company was chosen from 1,800 en tries as the new name for Coop- erators Life Association of Min nesota, which is being changed from a Fraternal to a Legal Re serve Mutual. It is the intention to change the names of the other companies in the cooperative in surance program to Mutual Service Casualty Insurance Company and Mutual Service Fire Insurance Company. The winning name was selected as best denoting the idea of the cooperative purpose of the com panies. "Placing 'Mutual' first in the name emphasizes the principle of collective sharing of risks on a cooperative basis, and the word 'service' signifies the basic motive of cooperation as opposed to prof it," the judges explained. Miss Meyers is shown presenting her $100 award to Al Reindl, State Director of CARE at the Coopera tive Insurance Companies' office. The ten CARE packages, at Miss Meyers' request, will go to two children in each of the countries of Finland, Germany, Austria, France and Greece. Household Appliances Otto A. Nurkkala Department Manager Home Freezer Survey The final analysis of the market ing survey on CO-OP Home Freez ers in Waukegan has not yet been completed. However some facts of interest have been released. In this urban community of 35,000 the de mand for the 16 cubic foot freezer outstripped that for the smaller box —running 52% for the 16's over 48% for the 8's. The demand for the 16's would no doubt have been even greater but for simple lack of space in users' homes to ac- comodate the larger box. While this is only one test in one area it would be well to keep those fig ures in mind when planning the 1947 home freezer program for your co-op. Pressure Cooker Gaskets Gaskets for CO-OP Pressure Cookers and Saucepans need re versing occasionally to expose the other surface for sealing. With this kind of care gaskets may last as long as 4 or 5 years. On the other hand, if the gasket is burned or otherwise abused it may last only a few months. To avoid the neces sity for replacements be sure to advise your patrons on proper care of gaskets. J. L. Proebsting Advertising Manager Those Truck Decals Latest information on the CO-OP decals for trucks discloses that they come in three sizes: 8 in. high by 31 Vi in. long, 15 in. high by 58V2 in. long and 20 in. high by 78 in. long. Color is Forest Green. It is sug gested that decals be applied with special decal cement which costs very little more and assures much longer wear. Cement comes in half-pint, pint, quart and gallon sizes. Order both decals and cement from your regional. 20 CO-OP Magazine The Makings of an Executive Compiled by Arnold Ronn Assistant Manager, Central Cooperative Wholesale Excerpts from "BUSINESS ORGANIZATION AND MANAGE MENT" by ELMORE FETERSEN, M. A., dean of School of Busi ness, University of Colorado; and E. GROSVENOR PLOWMAN, Fh. D.f traffic manager, Colorado Fnel and Iron Corp. and lec turer In management, tJniveratty of Denver. NOTE: The term "manager" herein used réfère to manage ment and supervision at all levels, such as: foremen, supervisor«, superintendents, department heads, division head«, boards of di rectors, committee chairmen, group leaders, etc. —52— It is urged that a committee (board) delays executive de cisions by its debates and political intrigues; that it fre quently reverses itself; that it kills initiative of its salaried executives through criticisms and bickerings; that it wastes time on details. It is pointed out that a top committee may lose all sense of responsibility except to itself, and that it may become honorary through the inheritance process and lose all direct contact with the business it controls. These disad vantages are of exceptional character and grow out of the defects in human nature. —53— The Board of Directors is logically a committee, repre senting the best of the group thinking and skill available at this highest management level. An efficient board concerns itself chiefly with those re sponsibilities and duties growing directly out of ownership. Since it is impossible for the board to oversee every detail of the business, it is necessary to determine what is and what is not important enough to be considered by the direc tors. The practice of reserving subjects for board decision likely to affect the rights and status the owners of the busi ness is definite and easily applied. —55— The board of directors may be thought of as the pilot of a great ocean liner, standing beside the captain, guiding the ship through the narrow channel into the crowded harbor. The pilot does not steer the ship himself, nor does he issue orders to the crew. He tells the captain how the ship should be directed, and the captain converts his general instructions into specific orders. The pilot not only has available all the knowledge and skill of the ship's officers and crew, but, also, he understands the harbor and its traffic, and he knows the problems that will be met in docking the vessel. Similarly, the board of directors guides the company president and his executive group in their management of the business. The Board must not only understand its own business enterprise, but also its relation to other businesses and to changing business conditions. To perform this broad task of guidance, the board must concern itself with general rather than detailed problems. Its contact with its own business must therefore be chiefly by means of written summaries and reports. r o o o o o o o o o o Petroleum Production Facilities Owned by cooperatives affiliated with National Cooperatives, Inc. REFINERIES (10) Owned by Fhillipsbnrgr, Kansas ...............Consumers Cooperative Association ScottsbluflT, Nebraska ...............Consumers Cooperative Association Coffejrvllie, Kansas ................. Consumers Cooperative Association Mb Vernon, Indiana.............Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Association Laurel, Montana................ Farmers Union Central Exchange dishing, Oklahoma........Midland Cooperative Wholesale Louisville, Kentucky........Ohio Farm Bureau Cooperative Association tevellond, Texas ...................Consumers, Cooperatives' Associated., McFberson, Kansas.......National Cooperative Refinery Association (Consumers Cooperative Association, Central Cooperative Wholesale, Midland Cooperative Wholesale, Farmers Union Central Exchange, Farmers Union State1 Exchange) R«gina, Saskatchewan .............Cooperative Refineries, Ltd. OIL WELLS <450) Owned by 374 in Kansas, Texas, Illinois and Oklahoma ......................Consumers Cooperative Association 65 In Kentucky and Indiana... .Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Association 21 in Seminole field of Oklahoma..... Midland Cooperative Wholesale •over) 1.1.47 PRODUCTION—3 CO-OP HALL OF FAME I. Great Britain SA3ICEL ASHWOKTH, 1825-1371 First manager of the Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, who continued at that job for 22 years. He became buyer and manager later for North of England Cooperative Society, now Cooperative Wholesale Society, of Man chester, England. WILLIAM COOPER, 1822-1868 First cashier of the Rochdale Pioneers. He •was called "the newsman of cooperation" be cause of his passion for writing letters in answer to inquiries about cooperation. ABRAHAM GREENWOOD, 1824-1911 Author of the plan for the Cooperative Whole sale Society of England; cWS's first president In 1863 and first bank manager 1874-1898. FRED HALL, 1866-1938 A leading English educator in field of co operation. Author with W. p. Watkins of Co operation, chief English textbook on cooperation. SIR FRED HAYW'ARD, lg.76-1944 Chairman of the Centrai Board of the Co operative Union almost continuously 1918-1944. CEOKCE J. H01YOAKE, 1817-1907 English writer of the early history of the cooperative movement. Wrote Rochdale Pioneers in 1857 and The History of Cooperation in 1875. Holyoake House, Manchester, was named In his honor as "the prince of cooperative journalists." CHARLES HOWARTH, 1818-1868 One of the 28 Rochdale Pioneers. Formulated (at the age of 26) the eight Rochdale rules and the six Rochdale aims. DR. WILLIAM KINO, 1786-1865 English exponent of consumer cooperatives in pre-Rochdale days as well as later. A physician In Brighton, he developed a deep interest in cooperatives and other humanitarian causes. He 'helped form a local cooperative, in 1827. A year later, he founded the Brighton Cooperator, which he published monthly for 28 months and