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Jan. 22 (2, l), 1862. 

: Camp near Dumfries, Va.^ Jan $. 
^ 

Dear Watchman—Afe are situated on an eminence in a beautiful cluster of 
natural growth, near the banks of the noted Potomac, embarked in confirming our 
breastworks., batteries and other parapets, that we may successfully meet the 
homicidal band of Abolitionists. The place designated for our protection is 
^reestone Point, a wharf two miles above Evansport and eighteen or twenty miles 
below Washington City. It is a situation of peril, and, indeed, of importance, 
yet romantic and novel. <*Jhile standing on guard, we are entertained by clamors 
that are as strange to a Southerner as unwelcome, and are often cheered by the 
melodious Music upon the north bank—the waving of the beautiful old banner— 
the fluxing and refluxing of the tide, and the lashing of the silvery waves from 
bank to bank, as does the billows of the mighty ocean. A more beautiful location 
for scenery could not have been selected. In the channel of this magnificent 
stream, are constantly seen large bomb-vessels, sailing from one blockade to the 
other, with their old Federal flags unfurled contemptuously to the Southern breeze; 
nevertheless, our gallant troops often oblige them to unhoist their banners, raise 
an ensign of truce and move calmly and submissively to our shores. A few days 
since, after the completion of the Pig's Point battery, two very large bomb-vessels 
laden with troops and arms, attempting to run the blockade, were sunk by the bom 
bardment of the aforesaid battery. The loss was supposed to be heavy. From all 
the indications in this quarter, a grand engagement within a few days seens una 
voidable; yet, we only ask for a fair fight in open field. If the enemy will but 
come forward far enough to afford the chance of a decisive battle, is all our 
Generals or their men ask or desire. This granted, they will take care of the rest; 
and it is to be hoped that the rampant politicians in Washington will be so much 
elated in consequence of the "great victory" at Drainesville, that they will en 
courage McClellan to rush his mighty forces immediately upon us. We have become 
weary of well doing, and are oesirous of terminating the war, either by extermina 
tion or otherwise. Je have no fear of being conquered: let them put foot upon 

 our soil, and we will repulse them into the pearly waters of the :rand Potomac. 
There are not enough men in the world to subjugate a high-born race of freemen, 
who fight for home and right. "Jehovah nisi" is on our banners, and they shall 
float forever. Sod bless the soldiers, who bear them on to victory. 

On last night much excitement prevailed throughout the encampment, in regard 
to having learned that three deserters from the Maryland side had taken up 
quarters at an old friend's near by. A committee was sent to hold a consultation. 
They gave us an immensity of information, concerning the situation of the Brigades, 
Regiments, &c. upon the north bank. They informed us that a surrender of the envoys. 
Mason and Slidell, had been made, but that the difficulties between England and the 
North had not been settled, and were not likely to be. 

The boys all seem anxious for a contest, wending their way to honor or des 
truction, as the case may be. The immense grunout of misery the present war is 
causing cannot be imagined; and yet, it is for our rights and the liberties of our 
country. We strive to enliven the dreary hours by songs and jests. The warm 
weather and gentle breezes which blow from the golden South, has utterly past. 
The weather now is blustery, rainy and snowy, and the time come we so wistfully 
desired. We now have the gratification of sitting around the hearth-stones of 
our newly-built cabins, reading the entreaties of our countrymen and singing the 
song of Dixie. He were, indeed, proud to learn that the Legislature had contributed 
so liberally to the sufferers of the lamented Charleston—that she had not forgotten 
a State that had gone hand in hand with her in the hour of peril, and one that 
blazed the way to seccession. 

We are assigned to Gen. Wigfall's Brigade—a man of military character, unceas 
ing energy and bravery, le was so gallant and cunning, some time since, as to visit 
the enemy's quarters and examine the left wing of their forces. He did it pros 
perously and without nistr-ist, by for"ing Gen. NcClellan's name to a permit. I must 
confess that forging is essential, and once approved of by every Southern patriot, 
I think the time not far distant when the tocsin of war no more shall be heard— 

 when the shout of victory shall be promulga'bed throughout the entire South, and 
when we shall have thrown off the yoke of oppression and tyranny, and shall have 
returned to our lovely homes, where we can sit down with our campanions and our 
little ones, and sing the requiem of Northern fanaticism. Yes, indeed, do I look 
forward with pleasing anticipation to the day. 

N. G. G., CO. F. 18th Ga. 

 t ' 

southern Watchman, Jan. 22 (l, 5), 1862. 

Muster Roll of the "United iiebels," 
Company A., j?th Regiment, Georgia Stete Troops, stationed at Camp Iverson: 

OFFICERS 

Capt. . . J. P. A. Dupon, of Chatham co. 
1st Lieut . . . Robert Smith, Mclntosh, 
2d " ... Alva T. Bennett, Jackson. 
Ensign . . . James E. Holmes, Mclntosh. 

1 Sergt . . . Thomas B. Blount, " 

2 " ... James Reynolds, " 

3 " ... John Laabe, " 
^ " ... Edward A. Shiver, Bibb 

1 Corp . . . Alexander J. Ash, Banks, 

2 " ... Andrew J. Milcox, Appling. 

3 " ... Peter J. Millsaps, Dawson. 
^ " ... Marcus A. Daniel, Banks, 

1 Lance Corp . . . S. W. Anthony, Jackson. 

2 " " . . . D. C. Andersen, Telfair. 

3 " " ... Ed. Lampkin, Jackson. 
^ " " . . . J. M. Harmon, " 
Color-bearer . . . Hillian N. Burns, Banks. 
Quar-m'tr . . . W. F. Parkhurst, Hclntosh. 
Musicians . . . Hezekiah Horton, Villis 
Green, Hall 

PRIVATES 

AndeT son Robert C. of Telfair co. 

Andersen Marion, " 

Broughton Cornelius, Mclntosh 

Buchanan Willis J., Montgomery. 

Bird !?Jm. F., Ware, 

Butler .ilfred P., Jackson. 

Butler, Jesse, " 

Brantly Green F., Telfair. 

Brantly Spencer, " 

Brock W. T. * ., Jackson. 

Brooks John, " 

Barr iabi. J., " 

Coursen Joshua W., Appling. 

Crow Simeon, Clarke. 

Cook Cicero, " 

Dyals, Joseph W., Mclntosh, 

Da-vis King J., " 

Dounelly Hen^ T., " 

Farabee Washington C.^ Jackson. 

Farabee Jesse, " 

Farmer John, Telfair. 

Gardner Jesse, Mclntosh. 

Hammond John, Chatham. 

Handley Boney, Wi; 

 Hall William J., Jackson. 
Harris A. J., " 
Harris Thomas, " 
Little ^%. C.^ Franklin. 
Ledbetter Robert *\., Madison. 
McAlum James 0. A., Montgomery. 
Heders James 1 ., Appling. 
Montgomery Elias, Fall. 
Montgomery, labert, " 
Marlow John U., Jackson. 
McClellen John ^'., Ciarke. 
Nix, Jacob M., Jackson. 
Neal John h., Franklin, 
Neal, Thomas F., " 
Nichols James C., Ciarke. 
Prinson David E., Hall. 
Feterson Archibald, Montgomery. 
Parks, Moses M., Ciarke. 
Pittman,John H. H., Jackson. 
Ryals, Isaac, Mclntosh. 
Lay '^m. A., Jackson. 
Rodgers J. T., " 
Rampy P. B./ " 
Spencer Benjamin, Mclntosh. 
Stewart Barney, " 
Simmons David, Appling. 
Stanridge Isaac, Hall. 
Smith Moses, Mclntosh. 
Smith Stephen M., Jackson. 
Strickland John, " 
Thomas James A., Pierce. 
Thurmond Cicero, Jackson. 

Benjamin, Appling. 
Wilkes riiley, Montgomery. 
.^ells Jeston C., Catoosa. 
/Jills John F. V., Jackson. 

 ) 

) 

Southern Watchman, Jan 22 (l, 5-6), 1862. 
OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE 

Clarkesville, Jan. 10, 1862. 

My Dear Christy—After a three month's absence from home and family, as you 
perceive by the date of this communication, I am again in their midst, enjoying 
their society with a zest never before experienced. 

Leaving our Regiment on the l$th of December, and having a desire to look 
in upon Richmond, I indulged a visit to that point for a couple of days, where 
I was not met by the military, neither was there any other demonstration in my 
favor. I however met several Georgians, whose faces were welcome sights in the 
midst of that Babel. Among these were the honorable Howell Cobb, who I shall ever 
remember for the kindness shown me while there. And just as I was pushing through 
the busy throngs, and looking right and left for an acquaintance, one of the most 
pleasing and welcome of countenances confronted me in the person of Rev. s&!. M. 
Crumley, who looked much exhausted from .JLs heroic and excessive labors. Having 
a desire to see a live Yankee, I naturally found my way to the places of their 
confinement. Inquiring particularly into their condition. I ascertained that they 
were receiving every attention consistent with their circumstances. They looked 
"sheepish," though they seemed to be enjoying themselves, One of them had the 
kindness to show me special attention, as the boys would say, by "making a face at 
me." ".'ell, for an instant, my "dander riz;" but then, I thought they were of the 
same species of the old ape at Washington, their master, who has a habit of doing 
that kind of thing. 

On my way to Georgia, I must here record, I found but little to add to one's 
enjoyment. One point, especially, in the route, deserves attention, viz: Wilmington. 
Here there is more confusion, and a better chance for a loss of bagf age, than any 
other spot that afflicted travellers have to contend with. Soldiers especially, 
are fortunate, who do not here lose some of their "traps." Col. Vandiviere, of 

 this place,, and Lieut. Cdell, of White, i-jill be swift witnesses in my favor. It 
is absolutely getting to be next an impossibility to get any quantity of clothing 
through at a time to the soldiers. I mi^ht mention another place before arriving 
at Wilmington,where, just at sunrise, a mmber of hungry travellers sought break 
fast and got the bones left from a previous day's picking, with a little corn 
coffee and smoked and cold biscuit, neither should delectable Florence be forgotten, 
where they wouldn't even let us sit at the table and go through the motions. The 
same place, by-the-by, which refused a cup of coffee to a number of recruits I was 
in company with some time since. I shall never forget the sensation experienced 
when I first stepped on Georgia soil. There was my first sleep, thanks to the kind 
proprietors of the "Globe" in Augusta. Starting out from Augusta, it was a special 
pleasure, after bidding adieu to my still stout and hearty old father, to meet 
Kr. Chase, of your place, who has lost none of the exact proprieties which seem to 
be peculiarly his. I hope he found his "wire-work" all right. Her less refreshing 
was the pleasant countenance of P. A. Summey, wh was also a fellow-passenger. At 
Union Point, (which you know has a name) it was a privilege to grasp by the hand, 
and look once more into the handsome face of that polished gentleman and eloquent 
speaker, H. Hull, Jr. At the Athens depot, we felt once more fully at home, es 
pecially after a full view of that "quiet" gentleman with "attenuated" form, Capt. 
Dorsey. He should have doubted it being Athens if he had not been there. Well, the 
Capt, is a man deserving great credit. Hith a heart as large as his body, I see 
he spread his table on Christman day, to the volunteers then in your midst. "May his 
shadow never grow less." 

By-the-by, our Regiment, in addition to a Cavalry and Artillery Co. at the same 
post, were "stuffed" on Christmas day, witn every species of good things, by the noble 
ladies. The table for the occasion commenced at the gate of Mr. Grist, a wealthy 
and patriotic citizen of Washington, extending down the sane street in front of 
many handsome residences. This abundant provision of ;;ood things was served up, 
not in coarse barbecue fassion, bu.t shaped rather as a splendid "dination," the ladies, 

 with fair fingers, being waiters. Busy in their noble and pleasing task; their 
fair forms flitting through the ranks of appreciative partakers, -Jas like an angel 
band on wings of love. When the feast had ended, and all had "well-drunk," Col. 
HcMillan was everywhere called ?or, who is never wanting in material for a res 
ponse to any demand in which I have ever seen him tried. On this occasion he was 
particularly happy, which called ^or the special applause of the ladies. ve were 
not there, Mr. Editor, but we have heard from there through more than one, who 
all testify to abundance, enjoyment and the having an eloquent speech. 

Since my arrival at this place, Major McHlllan, the Colonel's son, has also 
been here on a short visit to the bedside of an only, dear sister, 

Hho is sinking softly away 

As summer's li;*ht on '"airest eve. 

She has been ?n invalid since her father's absence, and will be most likely singing 
in the skies long before his return. A noble mother's training shows itself in this 
scarcely opened and sweet but fading flower. 

We have in Clarkesville, at t.is time, Capt. Barclay and quite a number of his 
company, who testify to his soldierly and gentlemanly qualities. Also, Lieut. ^uller, 
of Capt. Stiles' Co. who, except a shake or two, has been in fine health. 

I shall leave for my Regiment about the 2$th. Any one desirous of joining 
either company in the Regiment, would do well to meet me in Clarkesville on that 
day, or at Athens the next day, the 26th. Bundles or boxes designed for the -jegi- 
ment must be sent to Athens before the date indicated. Allow us to say to our 
friends of N. E. Georgia that we would like them to assist us in sendin? recruits to 
that point at that time. Severe indisposition has prevented a general visit among 
them by the writer. 

Now is the time to commence comp life, so as to be inured by the summer season. 

CHAPLAIN 2^.TH GA. 

 Southern Watchman, Feb. $ (2, !{.-$), 1862. 
From the Savannah Republican 2$th. 
AFFAIRS AT SA'.,'^ *'AH. 

In common with our entire male population we spent nearly the whole of 
yesterday in the streets. It was a day of interest. We saw no panic or undue 
excitement, notwithstanding the perils that seemed well calculated to appal a 
people who who are resolved to defend their homes to the last. 

The events of Monday we recorded in our last issue. * arly yesterday morning 
it was discovered, by aid of the glass, that the enemy had brought forward and 
anchored a fleet of gunboats at the mouth of fall's Cut, on the South Carolina 
side, just back of the obstructions, and about two miles from the main channel 
of the river. The fleet at the head of Wilmington Island remained in statu guo, 
and within a mile and three quarters of the river. It consists now of seven 
gunboats, whilst the fleet of the Carolina side numbers six. It will thus be seen 
that each commands the channel, and they are armed with guns of the largest range. 
They are also about opposite each other, thus exposing vessels to a double broad 
side attack. 

Under this state of facts, it became evident that the duty of .ost pressing 
importance was to furnish Fort Pulaski, now about to be cut off, with an ample 
supply of provisions to subsist the garrison through all probable future conti- 
gencies. Accordingly, everything being made ready, between nine and ten o'clock 
yesterday morning, the steamer Ida, stea,.er ^artow, and a flat, laden with supplies, 
left the wharf for the fort, with the Confederate steamers Savannah, Coin. E'attnall; 
Resolute, Capt. Jones, and Sampson, Capt. Kanard, as escort. The fleet proceeded 
down the river, the transports in advance, and the armed steamers a short distance 
in the rear. On nearing the point in the river commanded by the Federal gunboats, 
our fleet confidently expected the enemy to open upon them, but they passed in 
silence; not a shot was fired, the Yankees supposing that they would all ;;et below, 
when they would run into the river and so permanently cut them off from the city. 

 Having escorted the transports beyond the reach of harm, and the Savannah 
and Resolute tacked about an. made for the city, leaving the Sampson to see the 
unarmed steamears to the fort and back again. 

No sooner had the t.*o steamers turned their bows up stream than the Federal 
fleet, seeing they were about to be cheated, opened, fire upon the7n,which was 
gallantly returned. A regular battle ensued, and. for forty minutes the shot and 
shell rained around our little fleet, the latter often exploding directly over 
them, and the solid shot passing within a few feet of the men on deck, 

The fleet kept up a return fire with its rifled cannon and other guns of 
long range, but with what effect could not be ascertained over the wide space of 
marsh that intervened on either side. lany of the enemy's shot passed, some dis 
tance over and beyond, our vessels. Strange as it may appear, not a vessel or a 
man on our side was damaged. The fleet rode safely through the fire. 

The fort is now fully provisioned for six months. An officer now at the 
fort writes as under date of yesterday: 

"All we ask is: If we are cut off, deliver us as soon as possible. We will 
hold out as long as mortals can stand hunger. They cannot take the fort by any 
attack; we can only be starved out. It rests with our friends in Georgia—on the 
main—to deliver us from this thraldom. This may not reach you, but if it does, 
tell our friends in Savannah and the interior, that we are here to hold the fort, 
and so long as there is a morsel left we will defend it. Georgia never disgraced 
herself in Virginia and must not do it at home." 

The return trip of the Sampson and the two unarmed steamers was as perilous 
as that of their predecessors. The Yankee fleets poured their iron hail and fire 
upon the little craft, but with all steam on and hurling defiant shot at the enemy 
in return, they passed, jallantly for two more miles under the missiles of the enemy. 
In *;'Ood gime, they all came up to their wharves and were welcomed by the immense 

 crowds that filled up the dock and balconies throughout the day. 

The Sampson passed through a terrible ordeal, but without serious damage. 
She was struck by four English rifle shell, two passing through her, a third 
lodging on her deck, and a fourth exploding in her store room, breaking up things 
around generally, but damagin^ no one. Hei machinery was unhurt and she plowed 
gallantly through. 

About the time the steamers left the fort, three shots were fired from the 
Yankee battery at Tybee in the direction of Pulaski but they all fell short. 

This feat of provisioning i?ort Pulaski is one of the most brilliant of the 
war. It placed a large and noble garrison above want, and was accomplished under 
a fire from the enemy as terrific as any on record. All honor to our glorious 
little navy, its lion-hearted commander, an the allant officers and men who sail 
under his flag. 

Our friends abroad will feel anxious to know the prospect before us. Cur 
conclusion, from the present status of affairs is, that notwithstanding the Federal 
vessels are still beyond the obstructions, the removal of the latter is but a work 
of time. This done, they can readily come in on the tiigh tide and take their po 
sition in the main channel of the river. This will place them some five '-tiles 
below the city, the passage to which will be disputed desperately by Fort Jackson, 
three miles below, a formidable earthwork on the opposite side of the river, and 
our gallant little navy. We hope these will be sufficient to repel the invaders, 
and if not, we shall be prepared to give them a strong fiyit on their approach to 
the city. Arrangements are progressing for this purpose and will be ready in time. 
They may shell us for several hours and set the town on ^ire in a number of places, 
but we apprehend no serious consequences in these respects. It is the opinion of 
able military men, who a re entirely familar with the situation, that the city cannot 
be taken, if its inhabitants will but stand firmly to their posts and do their duty. 
All depends upon this, and we should make up our minds to look the danger sternly in 
the face and prepare to meet it with all the means that Cod has placed in our 

 power. It is no time foridlers, cavillers or croakers; the sooner such people 
get out of the city the better will it be for us. 

 Southern Wajtchfaan, Feb. 5 (2, 3-ii),l862. 
For the/Southern Watchman. 
Interesting Co,respondence. 

Conceiving it would be interesting to a public who are supposed to feel 
pleasure in any kindness shown those who, by their partiality, have been placed 
at posts of responsibility, we had thought the subjoined correspondence justly 
claims a place in that depository of material for our future history, the public 
journal. 

Col. HcNillan, the recipient of a jenerous offering from the noble citizens 
of Washington, !?. C., thou h not as yet the hero of any battle-plain, is one to 
whom many eyes are now turned, and of whom brilliant deeds are expected when the 
hour of trial shall arrive. Far less worthy names have received the panegyrics 
of the general biographer; and that a future posterity, eager for information of 
a worthy ancestry, may be gratified in their search, this incident is now placed 
upon t he unrecognized but true records of passing events. 

It had been the misfortune, several months since, for Col. McHillan to lose 
the noble beast which so proudly bore him at parade. Citizens of Washington, 
appreciating the Colonel's worth as a gentleman, a citizen, and a Christian, and 
his mealculable labors in their midst, deeming this loss a favorable opportunity 
to testify that appreciation in a tangible manner, indulging a most delicate and 
unaffected generosity, filled his empty stall with a noble charger. 

The names accompanying this fully merited tender, so suggestive of "intelligence," 
"talent" and "virtue," are a full guarantee that this is no idle compliment, but 
the sincere offerin of an unaffected admiration and gratitude. The cause of 
gratitude is assigned in the candid note first following, flowing from the pen 
and heart ; f that noble Carolinian, Dr. Tayloe, who writes in behalf of self and 
others attached. 

The reply of the accomplished recipient is also suggestive of those virtues 
which he attributes to the donors. An allusion of his, which a kind public may not 

 understand, will but heighten their admiration for his pure patriotism when 
understood. While penning a graceful acceptance in a most innocent manner, he 
is exemplifying the full sacrifice being made. In his own Georgia home, which 
he has left to defend the homes of others, gasps in consumption, an only, and 
loving, accomplished daughter, who yearns for a father's last embrace, (and who 
has since died,) as the only unfulfilled wish before joining the seraphic com 
panionship above. Paternal instinct pleads, but a superior officer cannot yeild 
him up—his country needs his services, which none but the true patriot would per 
sist in giving under the circumstances. Though the tomb opens for his daughter 
at home, he stifles his anguish, remains at his post, and bares his manly bosom 
to the perfidious foe that has robbed him of an opportunity to pay a debt his very 
soul longed to liquidate. 

.,e record thus much, because it is a pleasure to speak of true worth. 

With these feelings, we gladly submit these remarks, and the correspondence 
calling them forth: 

Washington, w. C., Jan. l^th, 1862. 

Col. R. HcI-E.llan: Dear Sir—I am requested, in behalf of the undersigned 
gentlemen, to present to you the horse which will be delivered to you by the bearer 
of this note. 

Yourself-sacrificing spirit in leaving your own home, and your untiring efforts 
in placing ours in a proper state of defence; and above all, your lofty devotion 
to that cause which is so dear to every Southern heart, have won for you the esteem 
and confidence of our people, which no ift from us can express. 

Hoping that this sincere manifestation o7 our regard may, in some slight 
degree, compensate for the many sacrifices you have made, and with our warmest wishes 
for your success and happiness, I am, sir, 

Yours very truly, 

D. T. TAYLOE. 

 In behalf of 

John Myers, George H. Brown, 

J. H. Grist, H. A. Ellison, 

D. T. Tayloe, Joseph Potts, 

R. L. Myers, James A. Arthur, 

B. F. Selby, B. F. Ravens, 

S. T. Brown, J. A. ^allagher, 

Mm. JL. Jemill, Jonathan Havens, 

Macon Bonne r, W. :-. S. Burbank, 

T. Lol. R. McNillan, John K. Ruff in, 
Ga. Regiment. 

At Camp, Washington, N. C.^ 
January U^th, 1862. 

Dr. D. T. Tayloe: Dear Sir — Your messenger, -who has just called me to 
the door of my tent, has delivered to me your note of this date, and with it, 
from the gentlemen whose names are thereto, their present of a splendid stallion, 
fully equipped as a war horse. 

The noble animal as he proudly treads the earth, his every look speaks 
defiance, as if conscious of the purpose for which he is caparisoned. 

Hhat shall I say for such a gift from such a source? My thankfulness for 
the marificent present is only exceeded by my deep gratitude for the "esteem and 
confidence" expressed in the presentation. 

At this hour, when the stern requirements of duty here, forbid my presence 
at the severance, I fear forever, of one of the tenderest domestic ties which 
bind us to earth — such renewed and "sincere manifestation of your regard" lifts 
up and lightens the cloud which so sadly lowers between duty and affection. 

But where the heart is full, the tongue is silent and the pen moves slowly. 
All I can say, is to tell the grateful thanks of a warm heart, for such kindness, 
"confidence and esteem" — all I can do, is to endeavor to deserve it. 

Mext to the approval of my own conscience and of my Haker, do I esteem the 
approbation of my fellow-citizens. 

If I can do my duty to my country in such a way " s to merit the approval, 
"esteem and confidence" of so much intelligence, so much talent and so much virtue, 
I am content — I ask no more. 

 If by untiring efforts, I have beenable to accomplish anything in the 
organization and systematizing of a post, and preparation of defences, I owe 
much of it to you. Your uniform and devoted attention, unceasing care, kindness 
and support, make it to me a labor of love to defend such a people, and have 
placed me under a debt of gratitude, which I shall never cease to acknowledge, 
though I can never repay. And while life shall last, the recollection of this 
"sincere manifestation of your regard," will be an offering which memory will 
ever bring up freshly upon the altar of my heart, binding me more closely to 
humble gratitude, and nerving me more firmly for the requirements of duty. And 
during whatsoever of future there is for me on earth, memory will ever look back 
fondly to those sincere and cherished ties of friendship and esteem which shall 
only cease with life, and in which I trust our children will as cordially unite 
in enjoying, as we have done in defending the inalienable right of self-government. 

Truly and sincerely 

Your obedient servant, 

ROBERT McMILLAN. 

 Southern Watchman, Feb. 12 (3, 1-2), 1862. 
From the Array. 

The following letter from a member of Cobb's Legion will be read with 
interest. We shall be pleased to hear from friend W. frequently: 

For the Southern Watchman. 

Camp Marion, near Yorktown, Va., 
Cobb's Ga. Legion, Jan 31, 1862 

Mr. Editor:—Supposing your numerous readers would be pleased to hear from 
the Legion, and the "Georgia Troopers," I take the occasion, by your permission, 
to say something of our brave soldiers. 

Camp Marion has become quite a little town, since we all have got into our 
cabins. He are very comfortably situated, and have no reason to complain. We 
have had an immense amount of rain and bad weather this month, and have been al 
most unable to do anything, except perform our camp duties. We have, every Sun 
day morning, a company inspection, and sometimes a general inspection of the 
whole Battalion of Cavalry; but those inspections have not been so frequent here 
of late. The hardest and heaviest duty we have to perform, is that of "videtting." 
Every mo lining at 8 o'clock, twenty-five mounted men are sent from the battalion 
of Cavalry "on vidette," whose duty it is, after being posted on our lines and 
every point available for the observation and approaches of the enemy, to keep 
watch and report to headquarters everything that transpires. For those who are 
quietly sheltered in warm bedding, and who know not what it is to be without three 
hot meals daily, it is difficult to realize what privations these men undergo. 
Without tents or shelter—in some positions dispensing with fires, for fear of 
being observed by the enemy—they do their duty unostentatiously, and none but 
those in the advance are aware of their sacrifices and dangers. 

Perhaps there is no arm of the service which calls for so many manly qualities 
as are required by the mounted men of an army. Separated from their Regiment or 

 Legion, they must be brave and watchful, and withal be possessed with good judg 
ment. We have never heard of our men being found nap ing on their post. On 
the contrary, they are complained of as being too watchful, by reporting things 
trivial in their character. The health of the Legion and of the company, is 
very good, with a slight exception of mumps and colds. None, however, have been 
dangerously ill with the mumps. 

We lost another member of our company with the pneumonia—!Jm. J. Helton. 
He was a good soldier and a brave man, ready at all times to perform the duties 
devolving upon him. His remains were sent home to his father, who lives in 
Lumpkin county. 

We are waiting patiently for the advance of the enemy—feet able and willing 
to give the Yankees another lesson like that of Great Bethel, and convince them 
that we are not only a Legion, but Legions. 

Yours, -c. J.A.W. 

 Southern Watchman, Feb. 12 (3, 2), 1862. 
A Novelty. 

On Thursday last we witnessed what was to us a perfect novelty—a company 
of volunteers from Habersham county, under the command of Capt. L. Stephens, 

amed with pikes. It is said the Yankees exhibit a natural aversion to cold 
ste&l—if so, they will scatter when they see these "mountain boys." 

'Je learn from t-Iaj. Brown, (late of the Clarkesville Herald, who was alon^) 
that he expects to ^et up a battalion equipped in this style. 

The following is the muster-roll of the pike-men: 

OFFICE!S. 

L. Stephens ——————————————Captain. 
?. C, Grant ———————————————1st Lieut. 
^J. U, Meeks ———————————————2d Lieut. 
T. ,V. Echols ——————————————3d Lieut. 
John Horris ——————————————0. Sergt. 

L. Sisk, 

G. T. Sisk, 

U. J. Flannagan, 

H. Cook, 

T. J. Stephens, 

tJ. J. Grant, 

F. S. Grant, 

N. ::. Young, 

J. 3. KcCrosky, 

C. Smith, 

W. H. .Jade, 

T. B. Grant, 

S. Braty, 

J. N. Norton, 

J. Chitwood,* 

H. 7. Echols, ' 
Y. -t. Garrison, 
S. Jenkins, 
F. C. Herrin, 
John Pressly, 
E. A. Loper, 
I*. J. Smallwood, 
J. 11. Ay res, 
J. S. Kimbrel, 
H. H. Landus, 
D. 7. liard, 
A. J. Sisk, 
<j'. L. Sosbee, 
P. J. Shore, 
H. L. Smith. 

L. P. Grant, 

David Armor, 

H. D. Heeks, 

W. S. Williams, 

W. K. Williams, 

us. ". Komans, 

n. P. McCallister, 

I.. ^. HcCallister, 
.*. Humphries, 
R. ". Jenkins, 
J. Bams, 
A. LeCroy, 
T. J. Carter, 

II. F. Lchols, 

F. B. Jenkins, 

U. S. Potts, 

?. C. Sorrows, 

H. C. Lomax, 

C. H. Ivie, 

A. B. Ivie, 

T. A. Loudermilk, 

.. Jams, 

J. L. Echols, 

H. Hays, 

U. J. *'ase, 

J. HcCurdy, 

J. R. miite, 

A. J. Whitlock, 

D. F. Haygood, 

 Southern Watchman, ?eb. 12 (^, 2), 1862. 
Patriotic Proposition. 

IVe cheerfully jive place to the following patriotic proposition from an 
officer in the State service: 

Camp Ualker, Jan. 2$th, 1862. 

Ed. Watchman: Dear Sir—I have made no estimate of the amount o.. the wages 
of the recent session of he Legislature, nor of the wages of the military officers 
of the State; nor have I seen any estimate of the amount of either. But I am sure 
that the wages of a few of either would do no perceptible good to the State in 
paying her war tax, recently assumed by her from the people, and that the wa%s 
of all would do immense good in that way. lalf the wages of all would be of 
great advantage to the State and people, and all the wages of half half of both 
legislators and military officers, would be sensibly and thankfully felt by the 
poor laborers, of whom most of the population of the State is composed. 

How, I propose that all of both "ive their wages to the State for that pur 
pose; and propose, further, that if the rest will give theirs, that ; will give 
mine, or if one half of them will give theirs, I will mine, or if all will give 
one half of theirs, I uill give half of mine, or if half o^ them will give half 
of theirs, I will "ive half oJ" mine. 

They can. report to the Adj. Gen. and Secretary of Treasury of the State, who 
will notify me when either of the above propositions is complied with, and I 
hereby bind myself to do the same. 

Come, gentlemen, send in your reports. Ily position is very humble, but I am 
willing to contribute me mite. 

Respectfully, 
J. ". I3TCHELE. 

 Southern Watchman., Feb. 19 (2, i?), 1862. j 

CUR ARMY CO^iJSPONDENCE. 

Camp Hardship, Portsmouth, Va., 
February i^th, 1362. 

Mr. Christy:—I will make one more effort to get a letter to you, as I 
conclude from not seeing my letters of 20th December and 10th January in the 
"Watchman," that you did not receive them. Je have left our tents, and are 
now in very comfortable "log cabins," but unlike the ever to be remembered 
l81j.O, the "coon skins and hard cider," are not to be found. Beef Irrdes supply 
the place .of the former, and the meanest water you ever drank, outside of salt 
seas, takes the place of the latter. The location for our camp I t^ink a bad 
one *"or winter quarters; it is too low and flat, situated about one mile south 
west of our first quarters,"Camp Gwynn," and about two miles from the business 
part of Portsmouth, lying between "Paradise Creek," which empties into "Elizabeth 
river," above "Gosport Navy Yard," and a salt water marsh, which makes out from 
the above named river, and at high tide is often from 2 to ^ feet deep. The 
creek is about 3/h of a mile on the south, and the marsh about 200 or 2$0 yards 

on the north of our present quarters, lying too level to ditch and thus drain. 

,so 
It holds all the rain that falls,/we have a humid, heavy atmosphere, and wet, 

muddy, disagreeable streets. The only thing that could tell in its favor, is 
that it is, or was, well f^rown up in old field pines, which made the prettiest 
cabin poles you ever saw; and so, with little difficulty, we soon had logs sub- 
ficient to raise our cabirs, which are covered with the best cypress shingles I 
ever saw, with /;ood plank floors and glass windows in most of the cabins; and were 
you here to "slosh around" among the "boys of the Guards," you would be struck 
with the taste, ingenuity and skill manifested in fitting up bunks, shelves, tables, 
(writirg and dininr) benches, stools, chairs, cupboards, knife boxes, gun racks 
and many other incidentals, necessary to comfort, (and what is to us, after P months 

 camp life in crowded tents )luxuries. The "Guards" are great "boys;" they 
stand back for nothing when duty calls them either to attack the foe, build 
batteries or erect quarters for winter. You are no doubt aware that our Regi 
ment had just completed winter quarter's on ,loanoke Island; when it was ordered 
here, so we now occupy the second set we have erected, and dame Rumor says that it 
is very probable we trill be ordered to Elizabeth City or ^ilmington; but to this, 
for one, I give no credence, as past experience has taught me, Low idly the old 
dame can talk sometimes. As to the "war news," the camp is the last place in all 
creation, (I mean Southern creation) to go to hear aught about the war. You 
outsiders hear more and read more about the armies, North and South, tha,n we 
in camp do. On Sunday last, at dress parade, the acting Adjutant, Lieut. ilayes, 
of the Guards, read the act of Congress relative to the re-enlistment of the 
twelve months volunteers, after which, Col. Wri.jht made a short speech, confessing 
that for one, he did not understand the provisions of the act; that he did not 
think that the twelve months men were offered much ind^ cement to reenlist, but 
that it was their duty to do so, f c., and that he thought that Congress, on its 
assembling on the 18th of Feb., ought and would adopt some method whereby those 
vampires of Southern society, who are growin,_ I'at on the necessities of the absent 
soldiers' families, would be lade to battle for Southern independence, even if it 
had to be effected at the bayonet's point. Since then, an. opportunity has been 
of ered in each company of the eriment, to those who desired to do so to re-enlist; 
but as yet, I '^ave ot heard authoritatively of any re-enlistments. My ^lan is, '-;o 
home, form companies there, elect officers from the companies so -aised, form a 
Regiment, elect Staff or Regimental officers, then you go to the field with a regi 
ment of your selection and officers of your choosing. On the other hand, if the 
re-enlistment takes place her^, detached portions of several companies will be 
thrown together to form a new company, and if the -egiment is rot reformed, (which 
is not at all probable,) the company so re-enlisting is thrown into a regiment with 
which they have no acquaintance, and whose co". andin^ officers they had no part in 

electing; thus, in a manner, destroying the distinction between the volunteer and 

regular. 

 The health of the Guards is very ^ood, considerin the rain, snow, sleet and 
cold weather we had during January. The weather is not so cold here as I antici 
pated it ,ould be, and I slept as comfortably in my tent, whenthe ground was covered 
with snow and drifted up sever inches all around the tent, as I ever did in my life; 
however, the citizens here say that this and next ^.lonth are usually the most se 
vere they experience during winter. 

Christy, did you ever take a lon^' trip from home, be gone some time, and did 
you notice, on your return, as you neared the spot around which lingered all your 
kindlier feelings, and where were your cherished ones, wife and children, your 
household gods, an all else you cherish as dear to you, which makes that spot "home, 
sweet home," an oasis in life's desert, how slow the steam horse trod the iron tract, 
how tardily the hands marked the lapse of time on the dial of your chronometer? 
Just so with us, who, for 9 months, have been in cur beloved Southem country's ser 
vice, as we look forward to the 2hth day of April, when, conscious of having done 
our duty as men and soldiers, we will once sore mingle with families and friends, 
our intercourse lade nearer and dearer b^ long absence and dangers and difficulties 
encountered, escaped and overcome. 

You shall hear from me again soon. 

ONE CL TI-L, GLAIIDS. 

 Southern Watchman, Karch 5 (2,' Li.-5), 1862 ' 
For the Southern Watchman. 

Berea Church, $ miles from Elizabeth City, N. C., 

Feb. 18 th. 

My Dear ^ ^ x I take advantage of a few lours rest to write you a few lines 
descriptive of our operations for the last nine days. First, on Saturday, the 
$th, we heard of the surrender of Roanoke Island, to the Yankees, whereupon, orders 
were received For companies H. E. G. II. and L., of the 3d Ga. Regiment, to take up 
line of march on honday to South lills; distant from Portsmouth 32 miles, and 
situated on the South-end of Dismal Swamp Canal, which connects the waters of 
Deep Creek, (miles from Portsmouth) with Pasquotank River, at a point 13 -iiles 
from Elizabeth Citr/, which you are aware lies on the north bank of the above 
mentioned rive.r. Cn Tuesday r.iorninr, the remainin ' companies. A. C. 1^. F. I. K., 
started at 3%- o'clock, and reached South ilills about dusk; marching the entire 
distance, with Imapsacks, haversacks, cartridge-box and ^tms; where company ^1. were 
quartered in a very fine house corned by *on. D. D. -erebee. ere we remained 
until Thursday morning, when we again took up our march toward Elizabeth ity.— 
^Jhen within five i iles o, the city. Cos. n. and ^. were halted, the former quartered 
in a laptist Church, called Berea, a fine country building, plastered, we.-l lighted 
and containing an excellent stove. The latter, (company B.) were quartered in a 
school-house, about 200 yards from the church—we are all still in these quarters. 
On ilonday morning, 10th, Elizabeth city, or rather the Fort, surrendered to the 
Yankees—the citizens thinking that the cit; would, be filled with the ener.iy's troops, 
fired the town, destroying 12 fine large houses, and would have done nore damage had 
not the Federals extinguished the flames. On Friday lij.th, Col Wright ordered for 
ward to Elizabeth city, co.'s 3., F. and Cap. Girardy's co., of Louisiana Artillery 
where we arrived, about 10 o'clock. This was for the purpose of arresting some 
citizens who had made themselves obnoxious to the Confederacy. He succeeded in 
arresting four men: Dr. Piemount, LaBoyteaux, Robert Sawyer and Jerry Uilcox. So 

 2 

large a force being sent was to prevent a rescue by the Yankees should they attempt 
it. At night, we returned to our quarters. It has been cold and raining all the 
time. Cur picket and police guards keep us very busy, and for ij.8 hours we were 
very short of provisions, having to buy eggs, potatoes, and just what i-je could get. 
Last night, we received $ day's rations. Eon long we will remain here none of us 
can tell. The Yankees have taken a village called Edenton, above Elizabeth city, 
but at neither place have they landed any forces. There are afraid of us on land. 
On our march from South Hills to E. city, the road was thronged with women and 
children, in carriages, wagons,c arts and vehicles of every description, flying 
from the Yankee Vandals—every house on the road is crowded with them and their 
effects. Here re see some appearance of war and its consequences. The enemy suc 
ceeded in taki^p- but one boat of our little fleet, viz: the Ellis, our brave boys 
blowing up, burning and sinking those they could not save. I will not attempt to 
give you any of the thousand rumors afloat concerning the Roanoke affair, as they 
are as contradictor;* as they are numerous. Yesterday, I saw 2 Yank e officers in 
a bu^gy, with a white flag, passinp* up the road. What their mission was, I am not 
advised. A wagon is just now leaving for Portsmouth, and I must close. Love to 
all—Good by. T.3.^. 

 Southern Watchman, March $ (2, h), 1862. , 

OUR ARMY COERESPCIDE"CE. 
Washington, N. C., Feb. 21, 1862. 

My Dear Christy:—As our Regiment *ias been connected with the Roanoke fi -*:t 
and disgrace^ I had thought, notwithstanding the many accounts published of that 
affair, that a letter from this Regiment, upon that subject, might be a source of 
gratification and information to those for whom my rambling and desultory epistles 
are intended, ?'rom all that we have been able to ather, both fron our own side 
and the enemy, Roanoke was the victim of a base treachery. 

Whether true or no, it is not for one in my position to L sist upon too 
strenuously; yet, I am well satisfied, with the statements of Dr. Custis, before 
me, who was Surgeon to Col. Jordan's regiment, that Col. Shaw, the commanding 
officer, was and is a traitor. The Richmond Blues and a company from Martin county, 
adjoining this, with some others, fought with a determination worthy any cause, and 
left upon the beach the best evidence thereof; for the Yankees admit a loss of 
1^0 killed, while circumstances make it pretty certain that 600 is nearer the truth. 
Why even a Yankee Captain, after the surrender, walked up to Col Shaw and stuck 
in his face the very flag he had surrendered, remarking to him (Shaw) that he was 
a ______coward. Common rumor boldly accuses Shaw with having been bought. He is 
Yankee, formerly a mouth secessionist and a member of a Government once in existence 
on this continent, but really deceased a quarter of a century since. His Regiment 
would never have surrendered with a true leader, nor would the other forces have 
given up the island until now. Singular, was it not, two N. C. Regiments on the 
island each with Yankee Colonels? .Vender if the Government don't think it about 
time to inquire into a man's birthplace when putting him in authority; and if it 
would not be well to keep their commands a little farther apart, if they are from 
over the line? 

 The N, Y. Herald mentions ours as one of the Regiments captured at Roanoke; 
and a late Constitutionalist thinks we were the Ga. .Regiment mentioned as the one 
that reinforced them. For one, I don't believe a word of our reported capture. 
Col. Iic."H.llan grants me the liberty of giving the whole matter an official con 
tradiction. At any rate, if this is captivity, we shall never pine for exchange 
or other release. Now, truth compels us to admit the capture of Lieut. Col Sanders, 
Maj. HcHillan, Adjt. Banks and Sergeant-Haj. Eembert, who, if you will recollect, 
we warned weeks ago of their rashness. They are not, however, Lincoln's captives; 
but their hearts, carried too carelessly, have been entangled in "silken eyelashes" 
"up-town." 

No, Mr. Iditor, Col. HcHillan might conduct aieluctant and orderly retreat or 
surrender to oveywhelmin odds, after every effort had been exhausted, but he will 
never surrender as did the forces on itoanoke Island. 'Georgia will never suffer 
such disgrace at his hands. If it had been Col. FcMillan instead of Shaw, the 
Yankee flag would have been placed on that island at such a cost as our enemy has 
but rarely paid in our present struggle. 

We are yet at this point, expecting and preparing for the enemy. Cur health 
has much improved, and there is now but little sickness. We buried, two days since, 
the 2h.th man that has died. I am sorry I cannot report the religious prosperity I 
had hoped for. Je are just where the w'tole country now is: Prayerless-hence, life 
less. In our first battle, we went from our k^iees to our guns^ but, alasL the first 
is now neglected, and we perceive the consequence. Cur only safety is in an implicit 
trust in the Almighty. 

Cur recent disasters only draw us nearer to God, and arouse that spirit which 
determines "to do or die." Rather than submit to the wretches who oppose us, for one 
I say, "Vive la Francais" or open your aims, John Bull, as the child nould fall into 
the arms of its parent to escape the rotten-breathed hyena. 'Jill the different 
churches and communities revive their prayer meetings in behalf of their sons and 
daughters? That is more needed than powder and shell. Don't let us adopt the 

 opinions of those infidel and debauched of fleers, who denounce the Colporteur 
and Chaplain. 'Mhen that is done, the day of our doom is fixed, and the author of 
the "Deserted Village" had best be resurrected to write our epitaph. Let us lay 
our foundation in that religion which is "undefiled." He who op* oses it is the 

enemy of his God and country, and a monster fit to do the bidding of his master, 
the devil. 

There is more than one Lincoln man not $0 miles from "this place, well spotted 
and nearer a "tight-rope" performance than he is aware of. Forbearance has about 
ceased to be a virtue, and you may hear, before a great while, of "summary vengeance." 
One of these may be a man who boasts he will sell his cotton to the Yankees. By- 
the-by, not one pound of cotton should be grown this year, unless our ports are 
immediately opened. Me have no doubt it **s a Yankee scheme to get the best cotton 
lands, and enough negroes for their cultivation, and that she has promised England 
a supply in that way. 

CHAPLAIN 2!jTH GA. 

 SouthernWatchman, ilarch 12 (3,2), 1862. 
For the Southern Jatchman. 

Berea Church, Pasquotark Co., N. C., 
February 28th, 1862 

Mr. Christy: Since my last communication to you, matters have occurred, 
which prove that "Dame Rumor," however idly she may talk, sometimes, at least, 
proves a true )rognosticator of even the movements of a Regiment. The "3rd Ca.," 
is again out of winter quarters, and stationed one or more companies at a place 
from South Mills, (which is the end of the Dismal Swamp Canal, 13 miles from 
Elizabeth City) at intervals to within about 2 miles of Elizabeth City, The 
quarters of Co. K. (A. G.) are at a Baptist Church called, "Berea," in "Possum 
Quarter District," Pasquotank county, j?^miles from Elizabeth, x x x 

The health of the Regiment is very good, and the spirits fine. The recent 
reverses that have befallen our arms, have terdered to nerve the heart and fire 
the eye of the gallant Southrons who compose the "3d C-a." and believe me when I 
tell you, that should we get into a battle with the death-deserving hirelings of 
Northern puritanical Fanaticism and tyranny, history will have yet another page 
of Spartan heroism to record, upon which, in letters of burning li^ht, the names 
of hundreds of Georgia's chivalrous sons will stand in bright array, among which, 
not the least conspicuous will be found the names of those near and dear to fathers, 
mothers, wives, sisters and friends, in dear old Clarke, who dailyoffer to Jehovah's 
throne prayers for the protection of their absent loved ones. From the llth ult. 
to the present writing, the road has been thronged with every kind of conveyance 
laden with women, children, furniture and all kinds of valuables, fleeing from 
Elizabeth Cityto places more remote and secure—every house in the country is filled- 
the anxious and woe-begone countenances of mothers, wives and sisters, as you meet 
them on the road—the wounded soldiers from Roanoke, as you visit them in the 

 Hospitals at Elizabeth City—the paroled prisoners from Cols. Shaw and Jourdan's 
Regiments, Haj. Hill's battalion and Vise's Legion, as they pass you on this route 
to Norfolk, writhing under their defeat, and eager for an opportunity to avenge 
themselves—open to our view a new, but not unlooked-for phase in our soldier- 
lives, which invokes all our patriotism, nerves our energies, sustains us in trials 
and difficulties, and determines us, by God's help, and our rigtheous cause—our 
own strong arms ai 1 Irave hearts, to drive bac'i the accused Northmen from our land 
of flowers, and erect an altar in our midst to the Goddess of Liberty, around, which, 
sire and son, matron and. maiden, may kneel to offer heartfelt adorations, and joyous 
thanksgiving to the ^reat "I AM" for their deliver ance fror,. oppression, or to die 
in the attempt. 

The items of intelligence gleaned from the paroled prisoners are, as a matter 
of consequence, va ;ue and contradictory, but the more intelligent agree very nearly 
in the aggregate, and more important points, ihere was on loanoke Island, 8th *\ C. 
regiment, under Col. -haw, l?th Battalion, Jaj. Eill, 31st Regiment, Col. Jourdan, 
and 3 or L. companies of Jise's Legion, makin; i*.. all, about 3100. ihe Federal force 
was ji? gunboats, 16000 troops landed. Our "orce had not more than 300 or ^00 men 
engaged in the fight, the rest were held in reserve, the reserve loseing more men 
killed and wounded, without returning a shot, than those engaged in battle with the 
enemy. Our loss was 23 killed, $8 wounded, ^0 missing—total 121. The enemy's loss, 
according to the report of the Inspector 'General, is 910. The almost unanimous 
opinion of those whom I have seen from -.oanoke, is that had the entrenchment 
commenced by Col. 'Jright, been carried on to completion, the Island could have been 
sucessfully defended, as the enemy's force Irrtded south of the proposed entrenchment, 
and flanked the artillery works, which could not have been done had Col. -fright's 
ideas been carried out; all seem to think that the of.icers in command were wanting 

 in skill, tactics and quick perception, llj.00 men were taken prisoners who never 
fired a gun, and only Lj.00, or at utmost j?00 men to stand the brunt against loOOO, 
and when ordered to fall bad. upon the reserve, bo see floating from their 
commanding quarters a white flag, instead of a firm phalanx of bristling oayonets 
upon %Jhich to form, and once more engage the enemy, the paroled men said was dis- 
hreatening in the extreme. The Yankee troops were said by our men who saw them to 
be the best armed and accoutred troops ever seen, all were armed with the -linnie 
musket or Enfield rifle. T have *iven you all of interest, that my limited time 
will allow. In all probability we will not remain here long. I write with a board 
on my knee, amid the ioise of $0 or 60 lively "Guards," have no pen or ink and very 
little pencil. You should have heard from me ere this, but for our migratory life. 
0, could this but reach you and your readers before the L;.th of March, how earnestly 
would I entreat, yea, implore my fellow-citizens of Clarke to come up to their 
country's rescue, in this dark hour of her youn^ existence—leave your homes, your 
dear ones, your trades, your pursuits, your professions, your ease and comforts for 
a time, an-:'. p.ve "our best exertions to patriotism anc. your country's weal, Cod, 
in his untold mercy, will hover, with protecting care, over your dear little ones, and 
your country and country-men will awaid you the need of praise, and enerations yet 

unborn will arise to call * ou blessed. "More anon." 

"ONE OF THE GUAIDS." 

 Southern Jatchman, ri^rch 12 (2, 6), 1862. ' 

"JOHNSON GUAIDS." 

This fine company, under command of Capt. Samuel P. Lumpkin, numbering 
111;, men, and named in honor of our esteemed fellow-citizen, John Calvin Johnson, 
of VJatkinsville, spent Sunday night with us, and attended the Methodist Church, 
where a sermon was preached to them by Dr. Lipscomb, of the University. They 
left on the 9 o'clock train Monday morning, for Griffin, the place of rendezvous. 
The prayers of our entire community will be offered UT for our brave defenders. 

 Southern l-yatchman. March 12 (2^), 1862J. 

The company raised in Madison county Tuesday of last week spent Monday 
night in this place,, and left on Tuesday morning's train. 

Je hope the friends of all the companies who have left this section of 
the State under the Governor's late requisition will furnish copies of their 
muster-rolls for publication. 

 Southern ' fat chman, March 12 (2,6), 1862. 

VOLUN JILTING. 
A Thousand Cheers for the Empire Statet 

We have learned enough to satisfy us that had Georgia been called upon for 
twenty-five, instead of twelve liegiments, the requisition would have been filled 
without any difficulty. 

In this county, % men were called for. 12^ volunteered to fill this requi 
sition; of this number 10 were rejected by the surgeons—leaving llLj. men, good and 
true. Dr. Samuel P. Lumpkin, of IJatkinsville, was elected captain. There is not 
in the Confederate service a worthier man than the captain, or a better company 
than the "Johnson Volunteers," named in honor of our highly esteemed fellow-citizen, 
John Calvin Johnson, Esq., of Uatkinsville—who, by the way, delivered a stirring 
address to the militia at latkinsville on Tuesday last, urging the young men to volun 
teer in defence of their country. This company was raised almost exclusively on the 
other side of the river. On this side another company was raised for the Troup 
Artillery (company B.) and recruits enough to make one or two other companies. Old 
Clarke has now in the field and enlisted for the service a full regimen*H. Consider 
ing the size and white population of the county, this is hard to beat anywhere ^ 

In Jackson county, where 16$ men were called for, we learn that largely over the 
number came forward. Two full companies were organized—Xaj. M. M. *.'intz captain 
of one, and Mr, Homer Howard captain of the other. Nine cheers for old Jacksont 

In Madison, a full company was organized—Mr. Gholston captain, and small as 
the county is, we learn another company might have been raised. 

Old Franklin responded handsomely by sending two companies to the field—one 
under the command of Capt. Young and the other under Capt. Cooper. 

Hart sends a full company under command of Capt. John McMullen, and could 
easily have raised another. 

 Oglethorpe sends a fine company under command of Capt. John H. filler. 

Walton raised two full companies, besides an indefinite number of recruits 
for companies already in the field. 

Hall sends two full companies, and supplies large numbers of recruits for 
those who have gone before. 

Banks—brave and patriotic little Banks—which had already done so much, 
being called upon for 60 men, furnished two full companiesL We learn, however, 
that but one will go into service at this time—the other being held in reserve 
for the next requisitionL Kr. ___ Broim was elected captain of the company 
going into service. Hurra for little BanksL 

Habersham and White have each raised large companies. 

No doubt the work has gone equally as well elsewhere. It is true out militia 
is considerably thinned out, but we have in all the counties, "a few more left of 
the same sort"—the last man of whom will go into the field rather than see our 
whole county overrun by the hated invaders. 

So soon as we can procure muster-rolls of the different companies raised in 
this section of the State, we will publish them. There are many counties yet to 
hear from, but we have no doubt they have all done well. 

 W&tgxasn, March 1? (2y 5), 1862, 

GUAEBS, JACKSON CO. 

07FICI3S. 

Je 

. Matthews 

i^'L. E. 
ArcM.bald N. 

— -3d Lieniensnt 

Jchn A. Heard . —————— - 
W. Dcoron ———— 
C. Lgvaadey —- —— 

Eli H. 

PRIVATES, 
Leaiy H 

K. A. l 

UiHiam A. Arc..er,, 
Stephen ^, Senton, 
LI.s.': H, 

2d 

% 

t:i Corporal. 

Ltanard T. molten, 
Willimi K. Booth, 
Levi L. Col^3&an. 

Dmvid A. Clotfclter 
Jehu Cook, 
Loyd i aatYon^ 
Jan<es M, Delay, 

Elicim T, Doster, 
Jamec 6. Deeveport, 

ColvUl 

George W. .^\iu, 
h ^, Doetcr, 

C. 

F. "T 

Joseph /^. B 
Harper H. r 
$hofaas J* Hood, 
Levis 

Beaj. 

ihoe N. highficld, 
Ma-, H. Irvin, 

Elisaa D 

Joseph A, 

i-iobez-t I-. Lavender, 
Ja*. D, I 

J&s B. Hc^crn# 

Daniel M. 
J^lrn E. ! 
^&, J. H 

Millis T, J 
ia^a. J. ^at'^ 
t*&. T, !icE-viEr, 
JsLX.s C, Habers, 
T. Nixoa^ 
Ahaer Phjlllps, 

Aplin Le 

John M. 

^. T. Sorrow, 

Silas B. 

George P, Ti*out, 

John C. 

l^obt D. Hood, 

Green &. 
A. ^ . Coffer, 
HLcola^ Scrrov, 
Juhn '^. '*atL.uJ*^ 
George H, Nixon, 
Marrea D. 

Hiran 

Jocloii 

 i I arch 1 

CCUHT3C. 

Dabrtey L. 

^. Osbum 

J. Headers 

Franc:'-s Power *-—————— 
Charles G. CraMfbrd 

PRIVATES^ 

Joae^i A, dore, 

Younj, A. Daniet, 
K. V. LeadHyler, 
Jacob ^<. n^beil^art^ 
Stephen P. Morrit-, 

Walton E, Griffith, 

a Alien, 

S. 
Jas H. Burroughs, 

Jahn M, Since ^ 

G. H. Byay, 
SJ5a, ^-. .' amejbt, 
Bemy Baxter, 

n^. KeUuv, 

Berry J, Carethers, 
T3M)6, C. Cooper, 

Jaa. ?. 

Norasset David, 

David, 

Lggsoa 
Andrew H. 
.4a. c. David, 
B 

Ed P. IJberheart, 

Jas. L. 

G, r. 

J, 2. 

C, i\ irtffith, 

Jn.es Griffith, 

V, Hall, 

A Eall, 

—1st Lieutenant, 

—2d Lieutenant, 

-*<^d Lieutenant^ 

-let Sergeant. 

P. Hall 

0. W 

John C. Kirk, 
R^ 'R. Landers, 
'.3R, A. Morris, 
H, ^. L. Muse. 
F. C. HcHioy, 
Jeeae F. Power, 
^. J. Pc-rtcrfield, 
Jas M. Poi-tcyflelu, 
n, L. T, Porborfiel 
Jesse W, Pierce, 
E. D. P 

JoimH. llerce 

_ 

^:. H, 

John lisacll, 

Ho, L. 

t&i. H, 

Caleb N, 

^. J. 

.^iley J. Sj 

K, K. 

David T. Sg 

Joan C. Segyaves, 

Stephen ^rj.th, 

Sam'1 G+ Stric<id.and 

Gee. '\ 

Sa-,'l J. Wilson, 

James N 
S. ^-:. T 
Telly K. 
Winston 

David Winn, 
Wn. tiood 
John P. 

Jas. ^. P. Sticker, 
$hoc. C. Threatt, 
HSa. A. Tolbert 

 i I^ych 1^ (2, g), 1862. 

HIDDU' HVER VCLt^*3^Eir', BAITS CC*, GAt- 

P. 

John F. roe -- - 

. Hartin 

Alvia D. Hooper ——— 

Janes 

A. Segers - 
James C. Brown — 

B, 

PRIVATE*. 

R. S. K, Made, 
Janes Ik 
John K. 

Jas. My Cockeran, 

M Chitwood, 
John C, Hoes, 

W. Parker, 

Daniel C. Ward, 

UaptoR ^, Morris, 

Kuler ^ 

J. 

J. Cmsn, 

John 1. Li, 

Cash, 

* Cahd^ 
Robert A. Dill, 

George 
Charles 

P P CA***! 

Stow, 

Jas 

—————^lar-tain, 

———1st 

———2d Lieutenant. 

———1st !^'?gt 

———2d p 

—1st C 

-2d Coj 

-3d Coipcrcl, 

Ma. 
Harioa , 
Caleb 

t <?+ 

Janes I . 
KLoyd I 

D, Candell, 
Berry Ha^birck, 
Job LjYic^, 
Thos. F, Hipps, 

John H, IHg^Lnu, 
d ioury. 

NMtfleld, 
A. Cash, 
John C, Aired, 

Lewis Pritchstt, 

John Lane, 

William A. Lane, 
Robert E. -UJen, 
Brady, 

, J, 

Hark Arnold, 
J. S. H. Ccleer, 

John T, Kichards, 
Hi. i,. Austin, 
cd J. Cash, 

 Matchaan, 

(2, it), 1862 

l CCMDS," Hart Co., Ga. 
OFTTCEBS. 

C. 
John B, 

^ rn. J# 
U. II. 
S* M. l 

. Hulcn ———— 

1st Lioutemnt. 
2d . ic* 

. Cheek 

Jetiiro 

J, Parks ——- 
Caudell ——— 
Baton ————— 

PRIVATES, 

KC Alfred 

Adc:-.s, '.-Sa, 

^ Dr. J. 3. 
Btrron, L. F. 

Brown, John A. 
Beggs, Thos X. 
Fridges, Daniel 
Brown, Saa*l 
Check, D. V. 
Chapman, J. ?'. 
Craft, David L. 
Cs^key, I^tbt P. 
Craaford, Joel H. 
V 

Chasteen, HirsB B. 

Cle-y^laM, Thos J. 
Comog, W, F, L 
Decker, S. J, A, 

D. 

Dyat, ^illigen 
!^y&y, Robert J 
Eaton, 
Jilans;, John K. 

Fain, James L. 

Fain, .-6s. 3. 

J. 

Guast, ? 
, B. M. 

-1st 
— -2d C 

Corporal 
2d 

- — 3d 

Corporal 

Latta, 
tatta, ^. J. 
Lecroy, Priestly 

McCarlcy, '^i. r^. 
McCiury^ A. L. 
flyers, James F. 
McCarthy^ 0. 

H. J. 

Morris, S 
HcClane, J. C. 
HcDowll, s^ms T. 
One c, Mi C 
Outys, Jaa. F. 
j-'Mllips, Joel 
Parks^ Jae H, 
Pritehett, Jas M. 
P<H33ll, ^oah T. 
larke, John H, 

in, Asa J. 

, BeatJy 
, Thoaas E, 

, Blchard C. 
Richnrdson, J;^a M, 
MchardsoR, Milton 
^ vnsey, JbM W^ 
Rogers, H. H. 
Sanders ? Thomton 
Stalnaker F. C. 
Sanders, ELias, Jr. 
Sanders, M. 

 3say, Martin V, B. 

:^ Jefferson J. Skelten^ ^s. J, 

;-, James B. Sandei*s, A, 

;; JohnL. Sanders, FrsnlgJLn 

'-. M. ". Gtiefel, Jas W. 

H, H. Sanders, Ilios.J* 

James 1^ Sandys^ John 
J. SMJ&ett, F. N, 

13, AsaH. *"-- '' 
Isem Damie^ 
'kU^y, John 
Le&jd^ David 
LoftJb^ L. ; . A. 

 KatehEan, ;inrch IP (2^ g), 1862 

REBEL CVAKBS, JACISCH CO* GA. 

M* K. lUntg .—————————————Captain. 

J, H. Stcyey —-————-—————-1st Lieutenant. 

f. T. *?ebb —-—————————————2d jleutenant. 

Jt, J. "homtoa ———————————0. 

f J nl: Irish —— -———————3d 

C. L. 

A. J, lemdoR — 

A. J, ^hite —————-————————let Corporal. 
H^ e. I^ales —————<—<—-————2d Corporal. 
J. K. " _ 

Corporal 

PRIVATES, 

*'* Kidd, 

W. 

K. F^ Bradbeyry^ 
W. F. ^nith, W. C, Gjmter^ 
J* 0^ Ftadoalf t T# W. Cunter. 

R# R. ^allie^ J* *'* 

W, L, Coiaer, 
J^ H. Lackey, 

**. A. I'Ulison, H. J# I^itley^ 

jl H. ,;. ' 
W. B. Ivey^ 
r. I:. '^ * 
E. 

J. 

JosiaJL t ollins& John i 
Bird -d%) W. I. ^ntler^ 
J. L-aadcyg, ^. B. I-^a33,w, 
C^, ^'4d.te, C. L. 
^. i . Colbe t, ^ . L. 

c. r. ^^11, H. J* 

J, A, "tepiJBRS^ Jarses 

A, Ft %capsc:n, Jesae 

W. F. ^^em#, J- ^* 

Jbss^ YstrbortRiHh^ Gcven 

*p-^ rs s- v TsT 

E. F. Lay^ J* -". 

J. R. ^aroatt, A. H. AdAir^ 

J, M-. Lord, 
G. A. '^ 

f* ^. Ccott, A, t*. 

a 

 Y. K, ^athony, JohaCaah, 

0. W. HMfe, W. Wilson, 

N. '*.'. Cantrill^ J. " 

H, S. ?Mte, John W. Hartley, 

Joel Yatborough, r&tseDunBORs 

Y+h*Car*oB, T, H, Cober 

J. L. mjiish^ ^i. H, HcBoe, 

^. J. ^Mte, RMTieyBaugi, 

K. C, Lipaconb, B. T. Antony, 

 a^L,-n, "arch 1^ (2^ 3-$), 1362 

VOLUHTEEIiS 

Our streets presented lively soenea during the latter days of last ^eek — sensed 
lay t!ic p5.5r^re 9f iwlunteers under the late reqnisition to their place of 
dgzvotts. Seven companies passed through, alto^tJwr^ C$^ from Hart,, one 
*Iadison, one from Ranks, two from P^tmMdRj and two from Jackson. Four 
vere in tern Thuradt^y night, bcc*.t3ea eos^ Ia;ndrcd and fifty recraitc — aill of 
wliao left on Friday ntoyninig on the regular and extra trains. In addition to 
we have txyo other companies here-*-the new cotapany of "Troopers" and tha second 

of "Troup Artillery." 

Belcw, TJB public such of the muster-rolls as have been handed 

"JOHNSON 6U&H3S," Clarke Co, 
OFFICERS. 

P. Laapkin- 
C. Griffith —————— ———— st Jeutenant, 

Us, Bj$ Haygood ———————————— 2nd Lieutenant. 

John '?. EeawiS-^— — — ——————— Ensign. 

Pati&n Lester- —— - —————— ---—"-Orderly Sergeant. 

PRIVATES, 

Awtry, JiHia M. Langfcrd, Banj. C 

Ada&s, Joseph A. Lester, Talbot N. 

Adams, -^a, T. Landrw:;, Jas T. 

H^ John R. Lo^e^ I^are 

sQR, E. F. tester Lewis, Jr. 

, Chas K. HcTiee, Joseph H* 

j, ^d.t;w E, MaHee, J+ H. 

^.^^..^-s, Alfred L. Hclae, W, B. 

Be-aydea, ^a. P. McSee, E. B, 

Bi— s, ..', L. I^Jlcr^ John W. 

Bishop, v33. H. Killer^ F. H, 

Butlci , Jesse H. ^aIler, Francis Y 

Burgty. ^. D. Moon^^ ^m. J. 

Chaderick, John ^. KboBy,, Kaisl!all 

Cooper, Levi C. Halcom, Devid -V. 

C&rter, Henr^ F. Hurray^ Joseph H, 

Coana3Jy, Richard 1-bselcy, !Rios J, 

Die^un, Calvin A. Halc^.,, ^i. T, 

Doggett, John ^. Hslcoa, John C. 

Dmns:^;cit, J&s <.'. MurrouJ,, John 
DatBiell, John B. 

 DM3MB, H. B. 

Dcrhar., M, L. 
Daniell, Jcsiah K. 
Dcclittle, H. J, 

Elder,, l%a. E. 

Elder, 3<svid B. 

Eduarde, Us. B. 

Clcasoa, Eduard 

\.SjO^G*3r* vlSMBS 

Gyiffi-^, Jae. J. 
Griffith, DanhLd W. 

GriffLtb, Alien ^. 
dice,''in. T. 
Giuxinc^t' # Silas 
Haff, John P. 
Huff, Jactor L 
Huff, ^—"— ' 

t!.**-^- 

. 
M. 

Huut^ Ht. U 
Hall, Thos 
n^^ocd^ ''<n ^,, 
Hunt,, John M. 
Ilintor, -4m. P. 
Jc.c!^oKy J. H. 
Jackson, A, K. 
Jones ^ =ia, '^. 
Kidd, :i. H. 
Elutts, George L<. 
Kittle^ Jbseph 

B. 

Ceo. 
Tec. A, 
(hams, John J<, 
Owens, B, F. 
Osbom, ^. T. 
Pos3, Henry C. 

p John ^ 
, D. 

N. A. 
Boysttm, J, F, 
Stew^-t^ P. ... 
Sanders, Chas. 
Simontoa, T, J. 
Spicks, E. B. 

, Levl C,, 

IhtEaas, John E, 
Thtu^^n, ut^o, H, 
Thompson, Thos J. 
, R, C. 

^. I. 

D^ J. 
, Sam'1 

'? 

KiilliEES, ^. C. 
Aaroa 

Jas E. 

A, 

 Southern Watchnan, M&reh 26 (2, h), 1862. 

3d Regiment Ga. Vale*, 
Pasquotank Bridge, N^, C,, Ilarch 7 4 

Watchman!—*3m!Mdiately on receiving intelligence that apr cozpany, to 
gether with ether companies of the 3d Regiment; had been ordered to Elizabeth City, 
I left hone for the purpose of rejoining it. After a long and disagreeable ride 
on the cars to Portsmouth, and a pleasant trip on the "Flying Cloud" down the 
Diana! Snagg) Canal, I found all the boys about two sdles fron South Hills, pleas* 
antly situaced in houses on the bank of the Pasouotank Liver, and all MHM!! to 
be gay and lively, though only a few miles distant from the enaay* 

On yesterday one of the companies, stationed near Elizabeth City, had a brush 
with the Yankees, The Yanlsees, in saall flat boats, Mere endeavoring to reaove 
aaa* obstructions froa the channel, atyl were spied by the brave Capt. Griffia, of 
the "Governor's Ouards," Who took his company down and fired upon thaa. Hie Yan- 
ioBes returned the fire, but after a Csv rounds, tiie bullets from tis rifles of 
Capt. C's men ntade them get to their boats, in "double quick tine." I aust come to 
a close, as we have ciders to Rarch to El'zabeth City early to-nomiw norning. You 
shall hear from me again soon. 

Your friend, 

Za F+ C# 

 Southern Watchnan, April 2 (l, 2), 1862. 
An Incident at 

In a letter fra,: our correspondent in the Third Georgia, TR.ich was t: 
reaching us, the follovtn^ incident is detailed: 

"One incident in connection with U.ne fall of Rr-anoke escaped ay memory in 
the hurry attending ny last connunicatior. An incident too, tiiat should be 
ineffaceably iapreesed upon the heart an^ staaory of every Southern patriot* The 
inhabitants of Xasaolss had strong E2Ripat-d.es with our enemies; of tM,s we were 
appraised nhile onr Pegiment waa statLoaed tljere. Tl^cre was one gentleman resi 
dent tliere in when canfidence was reposed, cud with whom Lieut. Daniel* s wiib 
(the hi(%l^^ estceaed lies Sallie) boarded dicing her stay on the Island. Mr. 
Chancy HeeHns, ^Aen the Federals ma3e their attack, joined t!ie Confederate troops 
as an instantcr volmitecr* !"ost nobly did be stand, etrikinp: for freedcm— re 
fused to t*be tha o&th of aTle[^.ance-^viliaat3y ^ foucht. Six of Lincoln's 
hirelings fell in his yard, before his unerring a&a, to rise no taore, uhen alas^ 
he then was killed— a * ero, a patriot. An <y?er-to-be-remeMbered exaemle, though 
his body has perished, to be emulated by every ore t&roujh whose life's current 
ctmrses one drop of Southern blood. He had a brother or nepheMg #10 escaped from 
the Islan*, and is now a menber of Co&aay E, 3d Georgia, The rest of the Islanders, 
I an informed, were seen warring against tiieir con country— their hcmes— their 
Cod— by, "giving eld and comfort to the eneay," and ratified their traitorous con 
tract with the oath cf allegiance to Black opubMcan despotisn, 

No monm*ntal shaft r^ay aark the spot ^here bracve !^ekine lies, or where he 
fell, but he tdJLl e*?er re remembered and *ioyio:^ed by all who nay chsnce to leam 
this incident." 

 Southern Watchman, April 2 (1, 2-3), 1862. 

Greenville, ?*. C,,,Harch l$th. 

Frtwnd Chiletys—Doubtless youi'self , ^)itL many of your readers, wish tc know 
the present whereabouts of the 2bth Ga# r<xio two weeks since, we %3ere ordered, 
THith other troops at that point, to evaeu^ts Washington, N, C, and impair to 
Suffolk, Va. v3iere tiicy arrived during the early part of last week. From indisposi 
tion, I stopped at this point, about 2$ miles above Wasldngton, nh&re I hevc bf en 
kindly entertained at the house of the soldier's friend, John Arthur, Lsq* Every 
thing froa the forts, as *nell as '"ovenment stores at Washington, has been safely 
re^wed to oti^r points, where we trust it may accomplish much for our noble cause. 
Of course TJC left cur post with oany sincere regrets, as it had become rather a 
aeeecd bone. Many a black and blue eyed package was left there to be called for 
by and by. Scarcely any citizen of ! Washington that could ^t aws^'' but what has 
left, I!y dear sir, to see old homesteads of generations suddenly, and perhiqps for 
ever vacated, is heart-si caning. 

T!ie lata fi^ht at Fewbem has of course been reported in your colmms and 
ventilated by amy of your readers# The cau.se of the disaster was about this: Ihe 
Yankees fought too hard and our troops ran too quick, which latter would not have 
occurred if it had net been for too much whiskey at eldsboro', Dnmside or some 
body also fix-ed a ju full into head-quarters l^eit, at the beginnin^, of the fight 
and knocked down the nan that ounht to hav^ been sta?!taing* Poor felloi-4 h& Mas 
speechless until the battle was lost, lyinr; all the while across a ucd and unable 
to pull off bis boots. It is rumored, and w^ hope the rumor is true, that the 
c'.ief military functionaries at Goldsbore* have so far excited the s*.T^)atid.es cf 
"Uncle Jeff" that "substitutes" have b< en provided for 'Ciea. 

A stand is to be made at Kinston, about 32 Biles above %Mbem, lAcre 10,000 
troops Are nos? qpartci'ed. 

military snti^orities ia this aecticn, aided by the citizens, are wrking 

 vigorcusTy for the destruction of cotton sad all ailitary stores. At Washington 
two vessel* loaded with turpentine were burned, sending up A broad and black 
column. On every hand nay be seen the curling BPioke as if so many distant cities 
on fire. At this place on yesterday end laat ai^ht large quantities of cotton 
and turpentine were burned. $00 bble. turpentine at one spot, as it sent up its 
ssoke, was the most terrific eight cf our life. Tho very ground was a molten Mass 
and colled off into granite hardness* As the hage, black colunn curled up vith 
*Uie mad blaze clidbi&g 30 or sore f^et and shiaing through li^ li^htain,_; flashes 
from t^ie surcliai ged cloud, we tiicucht of the serpent's tongue and of that aaokt 
ascending up forever and ever, and v" ich shall ascend frost tiYe souls of the 
murderous Lincoln and hia crew. *k: dcubt as Humside tJitncssed it, it t?as the 
smoke of his toratnt^ These are patriotic fires, end I giee ti)ca ^.sing fron every 
window yet. I have never seen people Ron? cheerful in any work thaa the awful 
yet glorious destruction goinr on. No doubt the individuals sending out Dumaide 
and hia crew calculated largely upon the rotum of IS.cse i<es^ls laden t&tR cotton, 
even thougjh it cost a man a bag* The old f-rofanations, 1-cccherites, Puritan 
rsala rnnnrr* and Witch Burners, as they hear i^^se thingc, will gnash their teeth 
in disappointment and Lngland will benin to think it a slim chance to get that 
2,000,000 of bales. Hum on, King Cotton, and slay nore of the encMy with your 
expiring fpvans than you ever made in your unmolested days. For one, we will sub 
mit cheerfully to taxation on eveiy hair of our head for its payment. Ch, sir, Satan 
is once acre baffled. P. Carolina may ha-s-ie been dicgra.eed by bad ^-eceyalshipt but 
never for want of courage in her soldiery, ^Ix. iiaa lost upon her seaboard but she 
is now burning; cut her d^.snrace. Three cheers for ^c Old Nor State, wnose fires 
are kindling and blazing 3.n front of every ginhonse, anL at every tirpent&ne dis 
tillery, Hut all this deoL2'ucLion has a positive relief* The poor and cottonless 
anong ua arc invited to and do take abundance, free of charge, for their faxJly 
clothing. As we stood in front of Mae & cthims mass, we snsre struck with the 

 similarity of sounds between it and the falling watter of the beautiful Toccoa. 
And again, w* t^tmjit cf the remedy of a good brother in this section, for a cold, 
which consists in filling a ehevel Mtth live coala and sprinkling upon thea a 
little rosin, vhidi allow to reaai^ in your r&oa until it is pretty wall filled. 
Surely if the remedy is good, Nci-th Carolina will f*;ave no occasion for blowing 
her nose again in a twelvemonth. 

It vould astonish you to ccc hen cl vly cotton bums, even after l^ie bales are 
opened* 

But in the nidat of tliis wsu*, we ehould not forget that charity without ^iich 
W9 are twthing, Almost, at tines, we have felt that the groans of dying Yankees 
would be awweteet lullaby^ ^ut such feelinge aye wrong, We should ever rcmcnber 
the petition: "Forgive us onr cine ay.^e forgive those thaL sin ag&inst us** And 
the warning: "Vengeance is mine," &c. 

^ propose this aa a suitable :-ctto for ti^e SouUiem Confederaeyi "BE SOBER? 
BB VIGILAMY," 

GiAFL&IN 2hTH 6A. 

 a*g#!*yn Watchman, April 2 (1, 2), 1862. 
OUR ARMY CO' JE 

Berea Church, near Elisabeth 
City, March 13, 1862. 

^. Christy*-— In my last I wrote you that in my next I fully anticipated 
being able to inform your leaders of some ^Lorious achievements by tho iron 
clad sca-saomster "VirgiRia." And so it has proTea titat my anticipations !iave 
been realized, and glorious indeed, to Sonthena hearts, are the triuaphs of 
the 8th and <pth ult,, -ained by our "sea-^^oaotcr" (as the "Virginia" is called 
by Yankees) and our r^nboats. It would be a work cf supererogation for Re to 
attempt a description of this naval engagement, sf^ich c cned tiic waccrs of tlie 
Janee river to Southern sails and steam. T&a telegraph and papers have ere now 
raached you, and anything that I could say would be siaply an epitome of what I 
have learned from the latter; and some itess yat^jer immaterial, gatijered froa 
individuals who witnessed the enga enent frca Stwaall's Point, a distance of 1C 
nilts, I refrain from {%vtng taeac iter:s, as they add Rothing to the interest or 
facts coDmcted td.th Hie long to be remenbcred "first cruise" of t!ic Leviathan 
"Virginia," 

In our quartais ^e liavc nothing of ^ate ial interest occurring^ Cnce and 
anhile oiir pickBts, at or near Elizabeth City, iire at the enesy's boats, steam 
and yaial, vhen they approach too near the -wharf, or attempt to go tw far up 
Knobb creek or P^aqnotank river, the fii-o is nostly returned, but no daoa^p is 
done, so far,, on either side. 

On last fabbath, we had preaching in the c 3uch t^iere we are quartered, by a 
Baptist Biinister, the lev. Evans Porbes, from Camden. His text was the latter clause 
of the 30th verse, 16th chapter Acts of the Apostles; and a very good, old-fashioned, 
hard sensed sermon did he give us. e ia a hale, hearty looking nan, about 70 years 
of are— was a soldier in 1812. We are ere in "Easterly inactivity," and seek to 
employ ourselves in some way best calculated to "Mil time," This is aoaenhat 

 difficult to do &a the country, and bad weather to Lx?ep us in doors* Your 
to us mo&e than iRilcooe "Uatchaan" ia auch Bought after and e&^rly looked for, 
I hope to have smteilal for a more lengthy eampianicatlon ve^y soon# 

of the Guards." 

 Southern Watchman, April 9 (2, 5), 1862. 
OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE. 

Camp Hardship, Portsmouth, Va., 
March 28th, 1862. 

On Saturday, 22d ult. Co. K. went to Elizabeth City on guard duty. On 
the morning of the 23d, having received orders to march, we left the City a 
little after sunrise, proceeded to our quarters at Berea Church, got breakfast, 
when we marched to South Mills; there the whole Regiment spent the night; 2^th 
went as&r as Deep Creek; halted again for the night* During this day, a mem 
ber of the Burke Guards died on the steamboat between South Mills and Deep 
Creek. He had been sick in the hospital at the former place some time. On 
the 2!?th, Companies A*, E., F., and L were left at Deep Creek, the other companies 
going forward to Bowers' Hill, (distant five miles from the latter place,) where 
the Polish Brigade from La. had been quartered* We reached here about 2 o'clock, 
P. M. This is a high, level and pretty encampment; hi double cabins, built in 
the form of a square, with a very tall flag staff in the centre here, notwith 
standing sore feet and stiff legs from the march. About a battalion, very soon 
after their arrival, became much interested in a game of "town ball." The en 
closure, formed by the four rows of cabins, made the most beautiful place to 
play you ever saw; and with ball whirring through the air, men running, the loud 
"catch that," "throw here," "hit him," "you're out," "come home" and the many 
phrases peculiar to this game, gave the scene an appearance more compatible with 
the recess hour of a school conducted on some enormously large scale, than the 
quarters of a Regiment on march and tired. Here we learned that the four companies 
left at Deep Creek had gone on to Portsmouth, and that we would go on to the same 
point (Camp Hardship) on the morrow; also, that we were, or would be, ordered back 
to Elizabeth City. This we learned from those who were detailed with the baggage, 
and left some time after we did in the morning. On the 26th we were ready to sling 
knapsacks and resume our march at 6 o'clock, A. M., but felt assured that we would 

 be permitted a ride on the cars, as they passed immediately by the encampment; 
but in this we were disappointed, much to the chagrin of many of us, whose feet 
were not in so sound a condition as they were a few days before; and we were 
marched 8 or 9 miles to our old camp, where we found things not as we left them by 
any means—door-shutters from our cabins gone, glass broken out of the windows, 
stools, benches, tables, planks from the bunks and all our little necessaries gone, 
broken up, burnt or destroyed in some way. And for what this tramp? We reached 
the vicinity of Elizabeth City too late to prevent its abandonment, and came away 
too soon to prevent a sacking of the country by the Vandals. Two weeks ago last 
Monday night, in the counties of Pasquotank and Perquimons, N. C., there were 
three or four bams containing com burnt. One farmer, a Mr. Lee, of the latter 
named county, had his bams, containing six thousand barrels of com, consumed 
by fire. All this is no doubt the work of our Federal foes. How long we are to 
remain here I can't imagine—until our time expires, I hope, for I am wearied with 
tramping around, unless emergencies more than we have yet met should require it, 
and then I am willing to march at any time to any place. To-day the Young Guards, 
of the 3d Georgia, are re-enlisting, it is, as I understand, for the purpose of 
forming an Artillery company, to be attached to Capt. Girardy's La. Guard Artillery. 
Something over fifty had re-enlisted about two hours since, and will, I am informed, 
leave the Regiment in a day or two, if they enlist in a sufficient number to form an 
Artillery company. I regret to lose the Young Guards, even for so short a time as 
till the 6th of May—it is a good company. The Virginia, since our return, has been 
"the elephant" to every 3d Georgian's eye. She does not seem much battered by the 
Erricsson battery's balls, and having made all repairs and improvements necessary. 
Her wrought iron, steel pointed prow being in place and all right now, she is ex 
pected to go out again in a day or two, when we will have more glorious news to cheer 
us. 

We have quite cold weather. Day before yesterday we had some snow and cold 
rain. ONE OF THE GUARDS. 

 Southern Watchman, April 16 (2, 6), 1862. 
Muster Roll of the Walton Blues, Walton Co. 
OFFICERS. 

Enoch E. McCollum —— 
Henry B. Mikle ———— 
Wm. D. Malcom ————— 
John F. Crawford — 
Ely Kayfield — 
Cissero W. Terrell ———— 
Hyram Edger ————— 
John W. Sims ———— 
Alvin H. Beall — 
David B. McCord — 
Robert S. Mayfield 
Jas. M. Smith -—— 

———Captain. 

———1st Lieut. 

——-2d Lieut. 

———3d Lieut. 

———1st Sergeant. 

—"—2d Sergeant. 
3d Sergeant. 
Sergeant. 
Sergeant. 

————1st Corporal. 

—————2d Corporal. 
.————3d Corporal. 

PRIVATES 

Luke Pattrie, 
Wm. W. Austin, 
Middleton Austin, 
Jas G Adams, 
Jas R. Akin, 
Ma. H. Akin, 
Reuben T. Bullock, 
Theophilas Bames, 
Benj. C. Blair, 
Cis N. Baxter, 
John J. Baxter, 
Lewis Brasvell, 
Janes P. Butler^ 
Leonard Boss, 
Eldridge H# Burton, 

Isaac M. Brantly, 
Wm. Cooper, 
Jas K. Caker, 
Seabron J. Clack, 
Geo. W. Clack, 
Stephen E. Crow, 
Wm. A. Craft, 
Daniel ^. Chandler, 
John W. Davis, 
Wm. G. Davis, 
Jas C. Davis, 
Matthew Edgar, 
Elisha Edgar, 
John W. Edwards, 
Wiley W. Edwards, 
Sam'1 A. Edmonds, 
Wm. D. Evans, 
John G. Fuller, 
Jas C. Forrester, 
Sam'1 W. Forrester, 

David Kilgore, 
Francis M. Ktllgore, 
Thos J. RLlgore, 
Robt A Landers, 
Jessee D. McCord, 
Geo W. McDaniel, 
Robt Miller, 
Jrs. M. McCree, 
N. M. McGaughey, 
John F. McGaughey, 
Wm. Gamer, 
Wm. R. Mayfield, 
Edwin Morris, 
Aderson W. Newell, 
Jas_L. Odum, 
James W. Oats, 
Calvin C. Pattric, 
Wm. C. Peeler, 
Jas. B. Peeler, 
Edward S. Rwtlede, 
Jasper Reeves, 
Virgil A. Stinehcomb, 
Sampson Still, 
Jeff V. Shepard, 
Thos. Shepard, 
Geo F. Studavant, 
Thos V. Stone, 
Jesse H. ^mith, 
Robt W. Sharp ton, 
John L. Tucker, 
Roburtus T. Tucker, 
Hillier Thompson, 
Thomas Thompson, 
Jas W. Tuck, 
Benj. F. Tuck, 

 Jas J. Gonter, Silas W. Vickers, 

Jas L. Gillaspie, J. W. S. Whitehead, 

John Harper, Temp Williams, 

t4n. G. Hails, Jas T. Wiggins, 

^. J. Hughes, B. A. Wilson, 

Rufus F. Hughes, J. W. Weatherford, 

Win. D. Hamilton, J. C. Weatherford, 

Jas H. Harrison, Jacob L. Warren, 

Gideon Hendrix, Benj. K. Moore. 
Geo A. Ivie, 

 Southern Watchman, April 23 (2, 1-^), 1862. 

The Battle of Shiloh. 
The First Day's Fight. 

Battle Of "Shiloh," 

(Seventeen miles east of Corinth,) 

Sunday night, April 6th, 1862. 

I reached Corinth yesterday, but found it impossible to get a horse to 
come out to the army, then encamped fourteen miles east of that place, on the 
road leading to Pittsburg Landing. This landing is four miles below Hamburg 
on the Tennessee river. I was more fortunate at 10 o'clock this morning, how 
ever, and succeeded in procuring a mule and a hard Mexican saddle without any 
padding in the seat. In this way I reached the field a little after noon. 

It was known that the enemy had a heavy force on this side the river, and 
that Buell was advancing overland from Columbis with a large reinforcing colunm. 
In view of these facts, Gens. Johnston and Beauregard determined to give battle 
before Buell should come up. The army was put in motion on Thursday, and by 
Saturday evening our entire force had got into position. It was the intention 
of our officers to have given battle on yesterday, but some of the regiments 
were raw, and there was some delay in getting them ready. Gen. Johnston issued 
the following stirring appeal to the army before it left Corinth: 

HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE MISSISSIPPI, 
Corinth, Miss., April 2d, 1862. 

Soldiers of the Army of the Mississippi: 

I have put you in motion to offer battle to the invaders of your country. 
With the resolution and disciplined valor becoming men fighting, as you are, for 
all worth living or dying for, you can but march to a decisive victory over the 
agrarian mercenaries sent to despoil you of your liberties, property and honor. 
Remember the precious stake involved; remember the dependence of your mothers, 
your wives, your sisters and your children on the result; remembering the fair, 
broad, abounding land, the happy homes, and the ties that would be desolated by 
your defeat. 

 The eyes and hopes of eight millions of people rest upon you; you are 
expected to show yourselves worthy of your race and lineage—worthy of the 
women of the South, whose noble devotion in this war has never been exceeded in 
any time. With such incentives to brave deeds, and with the trust that God 
is with us, your Generals will lead you confidently to the combat—assured 
of success. 

A. S. Johnston, General Comd'g. 

We commenced the attack at sunrise this morning. Our order of battle is 
said to be the strongest known to military science. We advanced in three 
parallel lines or corps, each one in line of battle. The first or front corps 
was led by Major General Hardee. Immediately behind him came a full comple 
ment of artillery. A thousand yards in his rear follows the second corps or 
line, led by Major General Bragg. Immediately in his rear came more artillery, 
and behind them came the third corps, being our reserve, commanded by Major 
General Polk. General Johnston was in supreme command, nobly assisted by Gen. 
Beauregard. 

The artillery was commanded by Brig. Gen. Tudeall, under the orders of 
Gen. Bragg. Gen. T. distributed his batteries along the roads and upon such 
open elevations as he could find. The batteries have been handled with con 
summate skill and effect throughout the day their respective officers. 

The nature of the ground is exceedingly unfavorable for field operations, 
With the exception of two or three small fields of eight or ten acres each the 
battle has been fought wholly in the woods. The woods are quite open, however, 
much more so than they are in Georgia; but they nevertheless interfered very 
much with the evolutions of the army. The ground is rolling, and in many places 
quite wet and boggy near the water courses, several of which crossed the field, 
and still further impeded the operations of the day. 

 But Gen. Hardee has encountered the enemy in front. The sun is just 
rising as his division is hurled against them like a thunderbolt. The 
enemy was not expecting an attack, as was evident from the condition in 
which he received us. Indeed, he was not aware of our near presence; he 
never expected us to attack him, and was doubtful whether we would ever allow 
him to get near enough to attack us. Hardee "set his squadron in the field" 
with great judgnent, and led them most gallantly throughout the day. I have 
not been able to come up with him, but hear that he escaped without a scratch. 

The enemy was at length driven from his first line of encampments. 
Meanwhile he recovered from his surprise, and met our onset with firmness and 
resolution. The fighting now became hot and close, and raged with great vio 
lence and fury along our entire front. The right and left wings as well as 
our centre were engaged, and the roar of artillery and the rattle of musketry 
fairly shook the earth. But on Hardee presses, backed up by Bragg and followed 
by Polk—each corps rolling onward like succeeding waves of the storm hashed sea. 
Hardee's corps advances, but it is done slowly; for the enemy has rallied his 
forces, and is handling them with coolness and spirit. We moved forward as it 
were by inches, but still we did move, and never at any time during the day did 
we lose one foot of the ground we gained. 

At length we reached the centre of the enemy's encampment. He yielded his 
home in the woods with much reluctance, and disputed every foot of ground with 
courage and resolution. Thus far we have advanced through the woods, which are 
almost destitute of undergrowth. Everywhere the trees bear -Hie marks of the 
terrible conflict. Limbs were carried away, and in some places trees a foot in 
diameter were cut off. In a few instances, the long sharp rifled cannon balls 
passed entirely through the trees. The traces of the musketry fire are to be 
seen everywhere upon the trees and bushes, and also in the numbers of the dead 
and wounded over whom we advanced. 

 At 2 o'clock the resistance had increased, and become more obstinate than 
at any time during the day. Gen. Johnston, in order to make a sure thing of it 
placed himself at the head of our attacking force, and led the charge in person. 
How unfortunate that he sould have done so, for at half past two he received a 
minnie ball in his breast, and had his leg badly torn by a shell. He fell and 
died soon afterwards, but not until the enemy had again giventay all along the 
lines. He died in the arms of Mm. Preston of Kentucky, his aid and brother-in- 
law, and former U. S. Minister to Spain, while Gov. Harris, of Tennessee, another 
aid, supported his head. 

Thus a brave soldier and skillful officer has gone down before the red tide 
of battle. He fell in the very aims of victory, with our flag upraised and ad 
vancing under the mighty impetus given to our attack by his own individual heroism 
and daring. Let the Republic do justice to his memory, and repair the grievous 
wrongs which have of late been heaped upon him. 

The fall of Gen. Johnston did not in the least discourage our men; for they 
knew the gallant Beauregard was still left to them, with many other officers of 
skill and courage. On they press, therefore. Bragg has long since brought his 
corps, composed for the most part of his seasoned Pensacola troops, and most ad 
mirably has he handled them throughout the entire day. Gallant and chivalric, yet 
cool and sagacious, he knows when and where to plant his terrible blows. Gen. Polk 
also, was many times in the thickest of the fight, and bore himself throughout 
the battle, whether in the immediate front of the enemy or in bringing up his re 
serves, with the calm courage and serene spirit of a christain warrior. Only a 
portion of our reserves were ever brought into action, there being no necessity for 
it. 

At half past five o'clock the enemy was in full retreat, and hotly pursued by 
the victorious Confederates . He fled back to the Tennessee, and too% shelter under 

 his gunboats and river works, the fire from which was too heavy for our light 
field batteries. Night too had come on, and our army returned to the enemy's 
camp, and are now occupying it. The Federals left their tents standing, to 
gether with all their camp equipage, quartermaster and commissary stores, pri 
vate baggage, medical stores and considerable ammunition. The attack was so 
furious—it came so much like the first clap of thunder when the storm begins— 
and the pursuit so close and unrelenting, that they had no time to remove any 
thing, not even to gather up their records and half finished letters. The 
amount of property taken is immense. Our men are nowiegaling themselves upon 
the ample supplies of excellent food everywhere to be found. 

I am unable to speak with certainty of the number of the enemy's forces. 
One of the first prisoners I encountered (a lieutenant who formerly belonged to 
the old army) estimated them at 120,000 men, Others put them down at 100,000; 
others again at 75,000, and some at $0,000. Gen. Prentiss, who was captured about 
5 o'clock, says the Federal army on this side of the river was composed of six 
divisions, of about 7,^00 each, which would make the forces of the enemy engaged 
abouj; ii%,000. They probably exceed this number, without including the forces 
on the other side of the river. At no time had we as many men engaged as the 
enemy. 

Nor can I speak with certainty of the number of batteries or prisoners we 
have captured. It is too early after the battle, and too much confusion prevails, 
for me to get the precise facts. The number of prisoners is variously estimated, 
some say 2,000 and other it,000; one report has it that one entire brigade has been 
captured. This is doubtless a mistake. JSmong the prisoners are many officers and 
the greater part of the Seventh Iowa Regiment who lately petitioned to the Federal 
Congress for permission to inscribe upon their banner the victories of Beltiont 
and Donelson. 

 The number of batteries taken is said to be eighteen, which,allowing 
six pieces to the battery, would make one hundred and eight guns. It is more 
probable that parts of eighteen batteries were taken. Several stands of 
colors were captured—three by the first Louisiana regiment alone. I have 
seen them myself, and was present when they were brought in and delivered to 
Gen. Beauregard. I witnessed also the arrival and presentation of General 
Prentiss, who was taken by staff officers of Gen. Polk, and conducted to 
the latter, who sent, with his compliments, immediately to Gen. Beauregard. 
The following is the substance of the conversation that ensued after they 
had shaken hands: 

Prentiss —- Well, sir we have felt your power to-day, and have had to 
yield. 

Beauregard — That is natural, sir. You could not expect it to be other 
wise. We are fighting for our homes, our wives and children, for generations 
to come after us and for liberty itself. Why does your government thus war 
upon us and seek us upon our own soil? 

Prentiss — Our people have never yet been able to bring themselves to 
consent to see the Union broken up. Such a thing has not entered into our cal 
culation, and cannot. 

Beauregard — The Union is already broken, and the last man, woman and 
child in the South will willingly perish before it shall be restored. What 
force have you had engaged today? 

Prentiss— Six divisions, numbering a little over 7,000 each — the whole 
not amounting to more then ^0,000. Gen. Grant commands, assisted by Gens. Sher- 
man, McClemard, Hurburt, Wallace and myself. Gen. Smith is sick, and has not 
been upon the field. My division was the first to receive your attack, and we 
not properly supported; if we had been the day might have gone otherwise. There 
has been mismanagement somewhere. Had I been supported in time, we should have 
broken your centre at the time we stopped your advance. 

 Beauregard — You are mistaken, General, !% order of battle was such, 
that if you had even penetrated the centre of our front line, it would only 
have been to encounter certain destruction; we would have cut you to pieces. 
Has Gen. Buell arrived and what are his forces? 

Prentiss (hesitating.) — I do not know where Gen. Buell is, or the 
number of his forces. I have heard he was at Nashville and then at Columbia, 
and also that he was on the road. We do not look for him under forty eight 
hours. I fear you will capture the greater part of our army on this side of 
the river. You have met and overcome to-day the best troops we have. 

Beauregard.— I am glad to hear it, and trust that the result of this day's 
work may bring your government to a frame of mind more favorable to peace. 

Prentiss.— That can hardly be, sir. If your army had pushed on after the 
battle of Manassas, it might have taken Washington, and overrun the North, and 
brought us to peace. We had an insufficient supply of arms then, and were not 
prepared. The muskets purchased in Belgium by Fremont were of but little account; 
you could turn your thumb in the muzzle, the bore was so large. We also prrcured 
from England Hie old arms that have been stored away as useless in London Tower 
ever since the war with Napoleon in 181$ — They are of no value whatever. It is 
only within the last sixty days that we have become thoroughly aid efficiently 
armed. Our supply is now ample, and we cannot be overcome. Your government has 
made two mistakes — first in not availing itself of the fruits of the battle of 
Manassas; and secondly in awaiting until we had become well armed and organized. 
We have now 2$0,000 men in camp of instruction, who will be brought upon the field 
as they may be needed. We do not doubt the final result. 

Beauregard.—Nor do we. Our cause is just, and God will give us victory. 

Prentiss.— We know you have able officer and a spirited army to back them, 
but our confidence is firm. And permit me to add, General, that among all the 
Confederate officers, no onw is so great a favorite with us as yourself. Such is 
my own feeling, and that of our army and people. 

 8 

Beauregard.— You are very kind, sir; but we have better officers than I 
am. Gen. Sydney Johnston and Gen. Joseph Johnston are both my superiors in 
ability as well as in rank, I have served under both of them most cheerfully, 
and know them well. I care nothing for rank; the good of my country is what 
I look to. 

Other observations were made, but the foregoing embraces the chief points 
of the interview. Gen. Prentiss was easy and pleasant, and not at all depressed. 
Apparently, too, he was quite candid; and yet I thought I detected a disposoition 
to evade if not to deceive, in his reply as to the whereabouts and forces of 
Buell. I believe that Buell is near at hand. 

I am unable to approximate the number killed and wounded on either side. 
The loss upon the part of both must be heavy, though not so great as it would 
have been but for the protection afforded by the trees. 

Among our wounded are Gen. Cheatham, Bushrod Johnston, Bowen, Clark and 
Gladden—the first five not seriously. Gen. Gladden, who commanded the right 
wing of Hardee's corps, lost his left arm. Gen. Cheatham received a ball in the 
shoulder, and Gen. Bushrod Johnson one in the side. Gen. Bowen was wounded in 
the neck, and doing well at last accounts. Col. Adams, of the Louisiana regulars, 
succeeded Gen. Gladden in the command of the right wing, and was soon after shot, 
the ball striking him just above the eye and soming out behind the ear. Col. Kitt 
Williams, of Memphis, and Col. Blythe, of Mississippi, formerly Consul to Havana, 
were killed. Many other officers were wounded and killed, but my knowledge of 
the regiments is too limited, and the confusion too great to procure reliable de 
tails. The Mississippians, Tennesseans and Louisianians suffered terribly. 
All the troops behaved gallantly. Never did men fight better; and many of them 
were raw troops fresh from their homes. The 21st Alabama regiment took too 
batteries, and the first Louisiana a section of artillery; other regiments did 
equally well. 

The battle was fought around Shiloh Church, the place of worship of the 
surrounding country, and will be known in history as the Battle of Shiloh. 

 I write in Capt. Fulton's tent, Quartermaster of the 53d Ohio regiment, 
which Gen. Beauregard has kindly assigned to two friends and myself. Capt. 
F. was kind enough to leave an ample supply of paper, which I have been using 
freely. The tent was perforated by twenty-one musket balls. 

It is now raining very hard. Up to sunset the day was lovely. The change 
is the result, doubtless, of the heavy cannonading kept up since early morning. 
The enemy is still throwing shells from his gunboats and some of them fall un 
comfortably near our tent. Whether he fears a night attack, or is seeking to cover 
the transfer of his army to the other bank of the river, it were impossible to 
say. 

Bill Buell come? I have my fears. But let us leave the morrow to tell 
its own tale. Meanwhile I shall court the sweet embrace of Somnus upon Capt. 
Fulton's camp cot. There is many a weary soldier lying on the wet ground to-night, 
who is ready to join witii Sancho Panza, and say, "blessed be the man who invented 
sleep." 

P.W.A. 

 Southern Watchman, April 30 (l, 2-3), 1862. 
From the Savannah Republican. 

BATTLE OF SHILOH. 
THE SECOND DAY'S FIGHT. 

Battle Field of Shiloh, 
(Near the Tennessee, River,) 
Monday Night, April 7, 1862. 

We have had another day of battle and blood. The fight was renewed this 
morning at eight o'clock by the enemy, who had been reinforced during the night; 
and with the exception of short breathing spells it raged with tremendous vio 
lence and fury until night separated the combatants. But I am anticipating the 
events of the day. Let me resume the narrative where my last letter left it, 
and rehearse the varying fortunes of the day in the order of their occurrence. 
This is necessary to a proper understanding of the battle; and until this general 
sketch or outline is drawn, it will be impossible to enter into those minor de 
tails which constitute an interesting feature in the picture. 

Night alone prevented us from reaping the fruits of our brilliant victory 
of yesterday. It was quite dark when we chased the foe back to Pittsburg 
Landing, where he sought protection from his gun boats and river works. Had 
Beauregard possessed the power of Joshua to command the sun to stand still in 
the heavens for the space of an hour our victory would have been as complete 
as that of the great Hebrew warrior. As it was, we expected to be able to cap 
ture so much of the Federal force this morning as could not be transferred to 
the other bank of the river last night, unless large reinforcements should come 
to their relief. 

The enemy received the most important aid from his gunboats. Indeed, he is 
indebted to these gunboats for his escape from certain destruction. They, to 
gether with his river works, answered the valuable purpose of fortifications, to 
which he could retire when beaten on the field. With only our light field pieces, 

 it was impossible to operate at night with any hope of success against these 
works and boats, or to prosecute during the heavy storm that followed the work 
of completing the victory. Our forces had reached the river in one or two 
places as night came on, and in this way had gained some knowledge of the ground 
and the nature and position of the enemy's defenses. With this knowledge, and 
&he enemy driven into close quarters and caught between our lines and the river, 
there was every reason to believe we would be able to capture the larger part of 
his forces this morning, provided they were not reinforced during the night or 
transferred to the other bank of the river* 

The boats kept up a constant fire during the night from their heavy guns. 
It appears that the enemy did not seek to recorss the river. Knowing that large 
reinforcements were at hand, he held his position on the river bank until this 
morning. Gen. Beauregard knew there was a division of 7,000 men at Crump' s 
Landing, a few miles below Pittsburg, and he gave orders last night to proceed 
against them this morning, and to capture them. This division succeeded, however, 
in forming a junction with the forces at Pittsburg, and at 8 o'clock this morning 
the Federals, thus reinforced, moved out from the river and offered us battle. 
They must have known that other reinforcements were at hand, and that they would 
arrive upon the field at an early hour. The firht was renewed about a mile and 
a half from the river or midway between the river and the Federal encampment. 

The enemy came up to the work with great spirit and resolution. Appeals 
had doubtless been made to the men during the night, and the re-possession of 
their camp represented to them as a point of honor from which there could be no 
escape. The attack was directed against our centre; and though vigorous and 
spirited, and not expected, it was repulsed, and the enemy driven back with 
great slaughter. He rallied again, however, and this time he moved with an in 
creased force upon our right wing. Here, too, he was repulsed and forced to 

 retire. His next attempt was directed against our left wing, his attacks 
growing more vigorous and his forces increasing with each succeeding movement. 
Indeed it was now evident that he had received large accessions to his ranks, 
and that we had fresh troops and heavy odds to contend against. But the Con 
federates nobly did their duly, and the attack on the left was also repulsed. 
The enemy again retired but only for a time3 for Buell's forces had now come up 
and the attack was renewed all along our lines, on the right, center and left. 
Simultaneously with this, an attempt was made to turn both our wings. 

The battle now raged with indescribable fury. I have never heard or ima 
gined anything like the roar of the artillery, and the incessant rattle of the 
small aims. The deep thunder bass of the one, and the sharp, shrill tenor of the 
other, intermingled with the shrieks of bursting shells and the whizzing of 
cleaving rifled cannon balls, were grand beyond description. It was the awful 
Hymn of Battle, rolling upward to the skies and literally shaking the earth 
beneath. It was a solemn anthem, the notes of which were traced in blood, and 
uttered from brazen throats, that might have satisfied Mars himself. 

The Confederates stood their ground against the fuAous onset, and for the 
fourth time the enemy was compelled to retire. 

"As meets the rock a thousand waves— 
So Inisfail met Lochlini' 

It was now one o'clock. Our men were greatly exhausted; they had fought 
eighteen hours, and withal had gept but little, having been engaged much of the 
preceding night in searching out and taking care of the sounded. It was evident, 
too, that the enemy had been largely reinforced, and that each succeeding attack 
was made by fresh troops and overwhelming numbers. In view of these facts, and 
in order to rest his men, and to prevent and unnecessary loss of life, Gen. 
Beauregard availed himself of the fallingback of the Federals to withdraw his 

 troops to the enemy's line of encampment, where we rested last night. This was 
about a mile and a half from the point where the fight commenced this morning. 

The enemy hesitated for some time, but finally came up and renewed the 
conflict. He was met with undiminished courage and resolution by the Confederates, 
who displayed the greatest possible gallantry. The battle raged on, and night 
alone separated the combatants. At length the enemy fell back, and so did the 
Confederates, both sides badly worsted and severely punished. Hardee, who 
commanded the front line or corps, held his ground until the enemy withdrew. Our 
reserves had been engaged throughout the day, and Polk, Bragg, and Hardee, each 
in his proper position, were in immediate command upon the field, and nobly 
co-operated in the work of the day. The deserve great credit, as do the brigade 
and regimental officers, as do the gallant spirits whom they led to battle. Gen. 
Breckenridge particularly distinguished himself. Though not a military man by 
profession, Gen. Beauregard is reported to have said that he displayed great aptitude 
and sagacity, and handled his brigade with skill and judgment. 

Having said thus much, I feel it to be my duty as a faithful chronicler of 
the times, to refer to a matter here which had a controlling influence upon the 
fortunes of the day. 

Our attack yesterday was so sudden and successful, that the enemy found it 
impossible to remove his quartermaster and commissary stores, or even to save the 
baggage of the men. The temptation thus presented was too great for our troops 
to resist. Sunday night large numbers of them, supposing there would be no more 
fighting, set to work to gather up such spoils as the Federal encampment contained. 
There were arms, overcoats, caps, shoes, coffee, sugar, provisions, trunks, 
blankets, liquors, private letters, and numberless other things which the enemy had 
been compelled to abandon. Such of our troops as were engaged in searching out the 

 wounded and dead, or were not restrained by a sense of duty, wandered from their 
respective camps., and spent much of the night plundering. Orders had been issued 
by General Beauregard positively prohibiting anything of the kind, but many of 
the troops are raw and officers and men were alike elated at our suecess^ and 
consequently, the necessary steps were not taken to enforce the orders of the 
Commander-in-sChief. At an early hour this momlpg, the men renewed their search after 
the spoils of victory, and many of them were separated from their commanders 
when the enemy renewed the battle. Some of them had even started back to their 
camps, loaded with such articles as they had been able to find. 

After deducting the killed and wounded, and those who were engaged in re 
moving the wounded, it would be no exaggeration to say five thousand sound and 
able bodied men had thus wandered out of the line, and took no part whatever in 
the battle to-day. On the other hand, the enemy had been largely reinforced. 

Thus, with a diminished force on our part, we had to meet fresh troops and 
a more numerous army than that we encountered yesterday. And thus, too, the 
spoils have prevented us from again driving the enemy back into the Tennessee, 
notwithstanding the great odds in his favor. 

It was well enough, while the conflict lasted, that our troops should ex 
change their smooth-bored muskets and shot guns for the splendid anas thrown away 
by the retreating foe. but there can be no excuse for the disgraceful proceedings 
to which I have alluded. 

The spoils of victory are not less demoralizing than defeat and disaster. 
Such is the lesson taught by history in all a ges of the world, from the time when 

Achan was seduced by the "wedge of gold," down to the present day. It is hoped 

er 
that the experience of this day will not be thrown away eith/by out officers or 

soldiers. P.M.A. 

 Southern Watchman, April 30 (l, ii-5), 1862. 
Correspondence of the Mobile Register. 

CORINTH, April 12, 1862. 

Both armies seem to have settled down into a state of quiet. There is 
more or less skirmishing between the pickets and cavalry, in which the Confed 
erates invariably get the best of it. It has rainedalmost uninterruptedly since 
the battle, and the condition of the roads is euch as to render them impassable 
to artillery and baggage trains. It is not probable, therefore, that the enemy 
will undertake any offensive movement of a general character for some days— 
perhaps not for two weeks. 

The seizure of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad at Huntsville should 
create no alarm. It is to be regretted, of course, but it has been expected for 
some time. The army for the defence of the Southwest has already been more or 
less concentrated; and should it be found necessary to call for additional troops 
from the South Altantic States, they can be forwarded by another route. The 
interruption of communication by the road will doubtless interfere with arrange 
ments of the Quartermaster's Department, which has been drawing a good deal of 
forage from points east of Huntsville. So much greater the necessity, therefore, 
that every blade of fodder and every grain of com, in the Cotton States, should 
be carefully husbanded. Nothing upon which man or beast can subsist should or 
ought to be wasted. 

There is no reason to believe that the enemy will seek to move down into 
Alabama from Huntsville. His destination is Memphis and New Orleans. He may 
occupy so much of Alabama as lies north of the Tennessee river, but he will hardly 
venture to cross the river so far east. That portion of the railroad lying north 
of the river cannot be much, if any, less than one hundred miles long. 

 A complete muster roll of the Federal expedition to the Tennessee, was 
found in the battle field. It shows that the enemy had a force at and around 
the battle ground of 61,000 men. This includes the division of Gen. Lewis 
Wallace at Crump's landing, four miles below Pittsburg, and which was not en 
gaged until early Monday morning. There were 21 batteries, averaging six pieces 

to the battery — thus making the number of their guns 126. After deducting 

for the sick, we have force of ii8,500 men. 
the divisions at Crump's landing, and allowing 5,000 nan/ These men we fought 

on Sunday. The forces opposed to us on Monday, 25,000 of whom were fresh troops, 
were still larger. Allow 10,000 for the captured, killed, wounded and disabled 
on Sunday, there would still remain of the original force 38,200 men, Wallace's 
division of 7,500 and Buell's reinforcements, who came up Monday, roughly es 
timated at 17,^00 — making together 2$,000men — would swell the Federal anay 
opposed to us on Monday to 62,000. These fresh forces doubtless brought with 
them as many guns as we had captured, which would leave their artillery about 
as strong on Monday as it was strong on Sunday. 

It would be improper, perhaps, to offer any estimate of the forces engaged 
on our side. When all the facts shall have come out, however, there will be 
found additional reason for the pride we so justly feel in Southern arms and 
Southern prowess. The Confederate forces were chiefly from Alabama, Mississippi, 
Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky. Georgia was represented by 
an excellent battery and a fine cavalry company, and gallant little Florida had 
a regiment on the field. Georgia, as you know, is very largely represented on 
other fields. It would be improper to make distinctions, if any really existed; 
and I am glad to have it in my power to state, as the result of my own personal 
observation on the field, and from information derived from official sources, 
that all our troops behaved with the greatest gallantry. They conducted them 
selves as men ought to do who were fighting for their hearthstones and for 

 liberty itself. Alabama has just reason to feel gratified with the performance 
of her heroic children. This is the judgment of all men. And while all the 
superior officers distinguished themselves, your own Gen. Withers was among 
the most heroic and daring, gallantly leading his men in the very thickest of 
the fight. He escaped, I am glad to say, without a scratch. 

The dashing Gen. Gladden, who so ably led four of your own regiments until 
he lost an arm, has just breathed his last. A brave officer and noble soldier 
has gone down, but his name will long live on glory's page. 

It is now stated that Gen. Johnton was not struck in the body at all, but that 
he was wounded in the foot and just above and behind the knee. It was the latter 
wound that proved fatal. The ball cut an artery, and he was so far in advance 
that he bled to death before a surgeon could be brought upL It was a critical 
moment, and he placed himself at the head of a brigade and made a bold dash at 
the enemy which literally scattered them to the winds. But his life was the prive 
of our success. All honor to the fallen chieft He entered the cattle with the 
resolution to return victorious or die upon his shield. He did bothL 

The battle abounded in acts of personal prowess and individual gallantry. 
I have already alluded to such as came to my knowledge3 but the weather has 
been such, and the facilities for visiting the camps, which occupy an area of 
several miles, are so limited, that I have not found it possible to collect and 
verify them for publication. Many of them will reach you through private letters, 
and to them I must refer you for the present. 

One thing I must urge upon the people at home and that is to fill up as 
rapidly as possible the places of the noble dead. Many of the companies and 
regiments have suffered very heavily, some of them have been decimated, and but 
few were ever entirely full. Let recruits come forward at once, and take up the 
arms that have been laid aside by the fallen brave. Another great battle will 
be fought here soon; if not here, then somewhere in the vicinity of the Tennessee 

 river. But whenever fought, it must be more or less decisive of the campaign 
in the Southwest. Cavalry are not wanted; we have too many now. The country 
is unsuited to this kind of service. Such is the opinion of our best officers3 
and I doubt whether any more cavalry would be received, if offered. 

No return has been made, as far as I have been informed of the number of 
guns captured. The reports of the killed and wounded come in slowly also, 
owing to the active duty upon which many of the regiments are engaged. We still 

hold a part of the battle field, and troops who are thus engaged have but little 

it 
time to prepare reports. Our entire loss/is now thought is quite 3,000. At 

least one-third of the wounded are already on their feet. 

I have just heard that among the slain on the Federal side was Gen. Lewis 
Wallace, who commanded the division brought up from Crump's landing. The 
commanders of divisions were Sherman, Smith, sick, Prentiss, McClemard, 
Hurlburt and the two Wallaces. 

On our side Gen. Johnston was killed, and Gen. Gladden has since died. 
Cheatham was wounded in the shoulder, and had three horses shot under him. Bush- 
rod Johnston was wounded in the side; Hardee very slightly in the arm and side, 
and horse shot, and Bonner in the neck—all slight. Major Gilmer, Chief of 
Engineers, had his arm broken by a spent ball—wounded not serious. 

A courier has this moment brought news of the capture of Decatur. 

I return to Memphis for a few days, to lokk after affairs up the Mississippi, 
and to make some necessary arrangements for the campaign. 

P. W. A. 

 Southern Watchman, April 30 (l, 3-1;), 18(^2 . 
From the Mobile Advertiser. ! 

THE DAY AFTER THE BATTLE. 

Montery, near Shiloh, 
Tuesday, 10 A. M. April 8. 1862. 

Meeting with an opportunity to send forward my letter of last night, I have 
opened it for the present hour. 

Neither party has showed a disposition to renew the fight this morning. We 
have not sought the enemy and they have not sought us. Both sides seem to have 
had enough of battle. After scowling at each other, like two exhausted pugilists, 
with bloodshot eyes and bruised and battered bodies they have turned away and 
left the contest still undecided. The Confederates are quietly returning to 
their lines and the Federals to theirs. We have burnt a good many of their tents, 
and brought away a great deal of their baggage and camp property, and all the 
guns captured on Sunday. 

The medical stores were to have been removed yesterday, but the renewal of 
the fight early in the morning prevented it. We took other guns yesterday and 
lost four belonging to Sanford's Mississippi battery. Gen. Breckenridge had 
ordered the battery to be withdrawn, but the officer in charge waited to fire 
a few more shot, and thus lost a portion of his guns. We lost no small arms or 
prisoners that I have heard of, except such old muskets as were thrown aside by 
our troops for the superior arms left by the enemy. We also brought away a num 
ber of wagons and horses, and some ambulances. But no account has yet been taken 
of our captues, and I forbear entering into further details until reliable data 
can be obtained. 

For the same reason, I shall offer no opinion as to the number of killed and 
wounded on either side. I hope the Confederate loss is not so large as many be 
lieve it to be. I am satisfied that the number killed is not in the usual pro 
portion to the wounded. This is owing doubtless, to the protection afforded by the 
trees. 

 6 P. M. — The enemy ventured so far this afternoon as to send out a 
cavalry regiment a short distance in the direction of our lines. General 
Greckenridge sent the Texan Rangers and Forest and his mounted men after 
them, who captured about fifty prisoners and chased the remainder back and 
through two regiments of infantry that had come along to support them. 

In the confusion that ensued among the Federals, they fired upon their own 
cavalry and wounded and killed a number of them. Col. Forest received a shot 
in the side, which passed around near the spine, making rather an ugly wound. 
The entire federal force engaged immediately fell back in evident disorder. 

It would be premature at this time to indulge in speculation upon the 
results of the two days' battle, out of which we have juest emerged. I may 
be permitted to say, however, that the effect upon the Confederates has been 
to inspire them with fresh confidence and renewed determination. They have felt 
of the enemy and themselves passed through the fire and will be the better pre 
pared for a second great battle which is to come off at or near Corinth. 

I am not informed as to the extent of the reinforcements which the enemy 
has received, or of his ability to undertake an early forward movement. He has 
been badly crippled and cut up, and has lost much valuable property, and many of 
his best field pieces. Moreover, the roads are in a shocking condition. It 
rained-very hard last night and again to-day, and there is a prospect for more 
rain to-night. All these things will tend to delay further active operations by 
either party. 

 Southern Watchm'an,! April 30, (2, I*-6), 1862. 

{ "SAMUEL." 

We welcome back to cur columns our old friend "Samuel," who will be 
remembered by our readers of former years. Like a true patriot, he is 
satisfied with the position of a private in the ranks. As will be seen, 
he has lost none of his ancient vigor as a writer: 

Savannah, Ga., April 26th, 1862. 

John H. Christy, Esq.—It has been a long time since I penned a sentance 
for the Watchman, with the readers of which I used to hold voluminous con 
verse on various subjects of public policy, ever the signature of "Samuel" 
and other cognomens. You and your patrong have not forgotten my scribblings, 
I am sure; and, with your and their permission, I now propose a renewal of 
old acquaintance for old acquaintance' sake. 

I have been in the army, stationed at, and near this city for the defense 
of Savannah and the coast, near four months. I sought, and have attained, the 
position I desired—-that of a high private in the ranks of the soldier. The 
Battalion of which I am a member reached Savannah on the first day of January 
last, and pitched their tents about one mile from the City, in its western 
suburbs. Here, we have remained ever since, in a state of inaction, at least 
so far as fighting is concerned. Our time, however, has not been unemployed, or 
spent in inglorious ease. The men have been engaged pretty constantly in 
fatigue duty—the hardest kind of labor—in throwing up breastworks, and field 
fortifications, for the defence of the City, at every point, where the enemy 
might attempt an approach by land—in felling timbers, and sinking "them in the 
channels leading up to the City, so as to obstruct the passage up the river of 
the enemy's gunboats—in loading old bulks with sand and sinking them—in building 
rafts, to be sent down the river to impede or prevent navigation, and other labors 
incident to military operations in the field. The drill, in the meantime, has not 

 been neglected, and if opportunity offer, I am of the opinion that the boys 
all of whom are from Cherokee Georgia, accustomed to the use of the rifle 
from infancy, will cause many a Yankee thief to get peaceable possession of 
what he came after—a plantation—of the dimensions of three by six feett 
There is much barren, waste land about Savannah—sand-bars, large and roomy— 
fit for nothing but the reception into its bosom of dead alligators, and wooden- 
nutmeg, clock-making Yankee dogs. If the City is attacked by land or water, 
many a Hessian will be sent to his long home—away down to the torrid regions of 
h— the sunny Southt 

Since the fall of Pulaski, everything below has remained in statu quo on 
the coast, and in the vicinity of the City. The people here are not apprehensive 
of an early attack on Savannah, believing that the Yankees are now satisfied, 
having re-possessed the Fort, thus enabling the Lincoln Government effectually to 
blockade the river, and prevent all ingress and egress to this port. I am of 
this opinion. To land any considerable force below the City would be to tham a 
dangerous undertaking, and to march a heavy column against the city by land against 
the twenty-five thousand rifles and shot guns, lances and bayonets, in the hands 
of sharp shooters and brave men, fighting on their own soil, for their homes and 
altars, I conceive utterly impossible. There are but two or three ways for the 
enemy to reach the City by land, and these are studded with strongdefences, in 
the shape of breastworks, mounted with heave orduance. We have, in the coast 
defence, and stationed within calling distance of any point where a conflict can 
be expected to come off, several well appointed Artillery and Cavalry companies, 
who would claim the honor of a place in the picture, should such an encounter 
happen. But, I apprehend no attempt will be made in this direction, the business 
being too hazardous for the quiet of the nerves of Maine, Connecticut and Michigan 
cut-throats, tHeves, chicken stealers, housebumers and marauders. They may attack 
the City by the river, but in doing so they may expect rough treatment from Fort 
Jackson, and the batteries below; and in passing up, every inch of their progress 
will be contested by the Sharp Shooters of our army from its banks As fast as the 

 villains would show themselves, so fast, and surely, would a minnie or musket 
ball, be sent with unerring aim through their carcasses. My opinion, upon 
the whole, is, that the reduction of Savannah forms no part of the Lincoln pro 
gramme at the present time. Their demonstrations against Fort Pulaski, and on 
the coast, are intended and designed to retain here a large army of Confederates, 
and thus prevent them from being sent to reinforce Beauregard in the West and 
Johns ton in Virginia. Time, and a few short weeks, perhaps days, will determine 
this question, and to this never-failing arbiter I submit its solution. 

In regard to the fall of Pulaski, but little is definitely known here. That 
the Fort is in the possession of the enemy, and the disgraced stars and stripes 
of the old and now happily defunct Union are floating from its ramparts, is un 
deniably true, but, of the extent of injury done to the fort, or the casualties 
within, during the awful bonbardment through which it and its garison passed, nothing 
is known. From the correspondence of the N. Y. Herald, as I learn this morning, 
(I have not read it,) the walls of the fort did not suffer any material injury, 
not being perforated by the heavy balls of the enemy's guns in a single instance. 
The same authority says that three of the companies composing the garrison, mutinied, 
and the fighting devolved wholly upon two companies, to wit: the Oglethorpe Light 
Infantry and German Volunteers, both from this City. Two Irish companies, and one 
company from the interior of the State, utterly refused to take part in the action, 
and from this cause, the fire of the enemy in front and the mutinous conduct of the 
companies mentioned within its walls, the Commandant, Col. Clmstead, was forced to 
yield and surrender into the hands of the enemy the fort, garrison, cannon, munitions 
and all, unconditionally. This information, coming as it does from the filthiest 
of all the lying Lincoln newspapers, published in Yankeedoodlelom, should be re 
ceived with doubt and misgiving by the Southern public. It is as natural for the 
Herald to tell lies, and whopping lies, as it is to find pig tracks round a hog's 
bed, or for water to run down grade. But, if the statements from that paper are 

 based on truth, then, all I have to say is, these mutineers, who refused to 
assist their comrades, in the hot ordeal through which they were passing, when 
they return back to their homes, ought, every rascal of them, to be treated to 
a magnificent reception, in the shape of a coat of tar and feathers, a ride upon 
a sharp edged rail, and forty minutes suspension from strong limbs in the forest, 
at the end of swamp grape vines. Suc& cowards and ingrates should never be per 
mitted to take up their habitations again, alive, in any portion of the Confed 
erate States, but should be consigned to the doom of the felon,and be made to fill 
a felon's grave, without benefit of clergy, their memories remaining for all time 
to come "unwept, unhonored and unsung." 

The State troops, by reason of the pasaage of the Conscript Act,by the Con 
gress at Richmond, have all been transferred, bag and baggage, to the Confederate 
Government, and are now amenable to Confederate authority. Considerable excite 
ment followed the announcement in these parts, among both officers and men; but 
all this will subside, and our "machine" go on, in the performance of its work, 
as the provisions of the bill come to b e understood and applied, practically, to 
the military operations and movements of the country. At present, much doubt 
and uncertainty exists as to the provisions of the bill, or, rather, as to their 
correct interpretation and meaning, and what effect the new order of things will 
have upon the multifarious corps now composing our armies in the field. Not having 
read the Act, and withal, not being a military genius, I am unable to assist those 
that are so much puzzled and troubled about the meaning of certain clauses in the 
provisions of the law, out of their difficulty. All must patiently await the 
action of the President in executing the law, and the orders to be issued from the 
War Department, at Richmond, for correct information on all the points now forming 
the subject matter of the general disputation. 

One fact is certain, every man in the Confederate States, between the ages 
of 18 and 35 years, is now a soldier, subject to be called into active service in 
the field, any day that President Davis may see propei to call for him. There is 

 no room for cavil upon this point, and all men, falling within this catagory, 
may content themselves accordingy. Then, let all go to rubbing up his shooting 
iron, be it shot gun, musket, or rifle, for you know not what even an hour may 
bring forth. Our country is being invaded, and our cities beleauguered, at every 
point, approachable by the enemy, and all the brains, all the nerve, all the 
muscle, courage, bravery, endurance patience, and determination of every man and 
woman, in the confines of the sunny South, will be called into requisition to 
meet, and successfully overcome, the hrodes of Northern Goths, Huns, Vandals, and 
Lombards, who are warring against us, and forging chains to enslave our posterity, 
for all time to come, in a bondage, a thousand times worse than the Israelites 
suffered at Fharoah's hands in Egypt. 

In view of the possibility of an occupation of the city by Lincoln's forces, 
many families have left, and sought shelter in the interior towns and villages, 
and in the country. The streets everywhere present a denuded appearance, so 
far as population is concerned, and business of every description presents the same 
lifeless, unhealthy aspect. The business of measuring tape, the dry goods part, 
is in the hands, and conducted principally, by cadaverous looking, cushion-footed 
Jews, that infest and have cursed every hamlet, village, town, and city in the land. 
They utterly refuse to shoulder their muskets and fight in defence of the invaded 
South; and as to making donations to our various hosptials, or furnishing our sol 
diers, or their suffering wives and chilfren, with needful supplies, without two 
prices for every article, they are as clear of it as is a dog of a soul. It is 
characteristic of a Jew to be engaged in the clothing trade, always having old 
"garments" on their shelves for sale. They started this business, at Jerusalem, 
about 1862 years ago, upon the occasion of the crucifixion of one Jesus of Nazareth, 
"casting lots for his graments," and they have been persistently following up the 
vocation of their "illustrious predecessors" in the clothing business ever-since& 

 And as clothing is an item universally wanted by the soldiers, these patriotic 
gentry are having now, and are likely to have, a feast of fat things, in the shape 
of large profits "in their line." Governor Brown's system of seizure doctrine 
ought to have been thoroughly carried out to all itslegitimate consequences. His 
seizure of salt was right; if he had laid his strong hands upon all the coffee, 
sugar, molasses, syrup, bacon, flour, clothing, homespuns, factory yams, hard 
ware, in fact every article, used or consumed by soldiers and their families, 
affixing a reasonable price to each, and continued to seize all, as fast as thrown 
upon the market, speculation would have been killed, much privation and suffering 
among the poorer classes been obviated or prevented; and the people, everywhere, 
would not only have endorsed his conduct in the end, but cheerfully acquiesced 
in it, and honored him for it. It is not too late for him to act yet in the pre 
mises; and in view of the fact that many articles of prime necessity will, in a 
short time, by reason of enhanced prices, be utterly beyond the reach of a large 
majority of families in this State, I hope he will act, and act promptly and 
efficiently, to put a stop to the system of pillage now everywhere afflicting 
and cursing our land. The times demand this course on the part of the Governor. 
It is nonsense to leave this matter to be adjusted by "public sentiment," Public 
sentiment, indeedL Who, what class, controls public sentiment in Georgia? Every 
body, with a thinble full of brains, knows, that it is the wealthy capitalist, and 
the man well to do in the world, who manufactures public opinion, and directs and 
controls public sentiment. And is it human nature for a man, or class of men, 
to do what it is inimical to their pecuniary interest and supremacy to do? The 
idea is ridiculous—-the very acme of absurdity. Captalists, and money hucksters, 
and money changers, those very men who originate, and, by aid of their funds, govern 
public sentiment, in this country, are the very men who are forestalling the markets, 
aad running up and demanding two, three, and four prices for every article of 

 necessity demanded by their neighbors, who are less fortunate in the possession 
of the abundance of this world's pelf, but who must live, or starve, they and 
their offspring, unless a speedy termination is put to the disgraceful impositions 
daily, hourly, and momentarily practised upon them, by the greedy sharks every 
where infesting the community. Prices here, in Savannah, for everything drank, 
or masticated by man, are exorbitant beyond any thing before experienced by the 
oldest inhabitant—and if the city has the usual proportion of poor people within 
its limits, who are dependent on their daily labor for meat and breat, all trades 
and callings and all business being in a state of almost perfect stagnation, I 
cannot for the life of me conjecture how, or whereupon, they manage to sustain life, 
and keep soul and body together. That there must, at this writing, be actual 
suffering, and much of it, among the more indigent families, does not, in my 
opinion, admit of a doubt. In Savannah, the center of the rice culture and trade 
in the South, this article of prime necessity has advanced in price, and will con 
tinue to advance, at a time toe, when the heavy crop of 1861 is still now on hand, 
unsold, and impossible of exportation to foreign markets by reason of Lincoln's 
blockade of our ports. Why this advance in the price of this article? There is no 
reason for it—neither justice nor corraion sense—and those who are running up the 
price ought not only to be denounced and frowned down, but unceremoniously ejected 
from an outraged community. So, of every other article in the culinary department, 
consumed by a family. Bacon commands from iiO to 60 cents; meal $2.2$ and $2.^0; 
flour $12 and $1$; chickens 7$ cents; eggs 60 cents; port 2$ and mutton 20 cents, 
etc., etc; all kinds of vegetables, of which there seems to be great abundance on 
the market, maintaining correspondingly high figures. If the free air of heaven could 
be appropriated by certain Lincolnite speculators and land sharks that infest this 
and all other cities and communities in the Confederate States, the monopoly would 
be consummated, and what our beneficent Creator designed for the free use and 

 8 

fruition of all, would have to be bought and paid for at so much for every 
imbibition of breath into the lungs. The water itself, and fire, with which the 
food of our people is made savory for the palate, would be appropriated by these 
patriotic gentry that are doing so much for our country in this her hour of sore 
distress and greatest need. These Shylocks ought to be branded with an infamy so 
indelibly imprinted that neither time nor circumstances shall be sufficient to 
wipe out the stain. The people's detestation should follow them as long as they 
live, and be visited on their posterity to the fiftieth generation. The tory of 1776 
was of angelic character, compared with the men of the present day who are seeking 
to enrich themselves from this war of independence, in which all true sons of the 
soil are now engaged, and I accumulate property from the heart's blood of our brave 
defenders in the field of carnage and death, and the shrieks, lamentations,and 
piteous petitions of their famishing wives and little ones for bread. 

I have reached the bottom of my twelfth page of foodscap, and will close, 
fearing that I am wearying you and this reader. I have written this hurriedly, 
disregarding style, and the phraseology employed to express the thoughts presented 
to my mind in the rapidity of composition. I have written, too, on both sides of 
my paper—this your compositor will not like. The paper is, however, thick, the 
manuscript legible, and I hope the Printer will not be sorely puzzled to decipher 
my chirography. The grammar, orthography, and punctuation, I warrant to be A No. 1. 

Should you print this, (do as you pleaee with it,) I may trouble you with 
another letter after awhile, detailing such facts and incidents, occuring in this 
locality, as I may think will be interesting to you and your patrons. 

With best wishes for you personally, and in the hope that the farmers of Georgia 
may plant no cotton—that they may be visited with propitious seasons, and gather, 
in the Summer and Autumn, a superabundant yield of oats, rye, wheat, peas, potatoes, 
beans, and corn, I remain as always, so now, your and their obedient servant. 

W. A. LEWIS 

 Southern Watchman, April 30 (3, 2-3), 1862. 

SKIRMISH NEAR SOUTH MILLS. 

We learn that the enemy landed in a force supposed to be from five to 
eight thousand strong, at Richardson's Landing, some three or four miles the 
other side of South Hills, on Saturday last. Our information is not positive, 
nor have we seen any official account. By some it is said they landed lower 
down and marched up to Richardson's. 

From the best information we can get, we gather that Col. Wright, with a 
portion of the 3d Georgia Regiment, and Capt. McComas' Company of artillery, 
in all about $00 men, met them at this point, while on their march, and that 
the artillery suddenly emerged from their concealed position when the enemy 
were within !j.OO yards of them, and opened a deadly fire upon the, with grape 
and canister. This was supposed to be about 11 o'clock on Saturday, and from 
this time until 5 o'clock p. m., the battle raged, our small force repeatedly 
falling back, until they got behind their entrenchments, where they made a 
stand and sent off for reinforcements. 

It is said the resistance by our troops was of the most determined nature, 
and kept the enemy back much longer than it was thought possible to do, in 
view of his overpowering numbers. 

The first and second videttes sent off from the scene of action reported 
great slaughter among the enemy, and that none of our forces were hurt. But 
later in the day the news came in that we had lost 1$ killed and about $0 wounded. 
Among the killed we learn is Capt. McComas, of the artillery company, and Lieut. 
Harris, of the 3d Georgia. The bodies of the killed, we learn, arrived at Deep 
Creek on Sunday morning. Capt. McComas, we learn, was killed by a Minnie ball 
entering in the vicinity of his heart. 

A report reached here yesterday morning that Col. Wright's forces had fallen 
back to the Half-Way House, this side of hie South Mills, where they are being 
rapidly reinforced. 

 The casualties to the enemy are not known, but it is believed their killed 
and wounded will far exceed our own. 

LATER. 

Later accounts from the scene of action represent that the enemy landed 
their forces at two different points on the Pasquotank river and marched them 
up for the purpose of surrounding and cutting off the forces we had stationed 
at the South Mills. In this they signally failed, and it is said have had to 
pay dear for their temerity. They were met by Col. Wright's four companies of 
the 3d Georgia and Capt. McComas' artillery company, in all about five hundred 
men, and were literally mowed down by our troops. 

They made three assaults on our troops and were in each instance beaten 
back with great slaughter. It is said that two of their most prominent officers 
and about five hundred of their troops have been killed and wounded. So great 
was the slaughter among them,that notwithstanding their overpowering numbers, they 
did not attempt further to prevent our small force from retiring in good order 
and bringing off <n our killed and wounded. 

The killed (2Q) and wounded (31,) arrived here yesterday afternoon, and the 
latter were taken immediately to the Hospital. 

It is said that so rapid were the discharges from our artillery pieces, that 
they found their ammunition about to give our much sooner than what was at first 
anticipated, and in consequence of not having a sufficiency for all purposes our 
troops lost advantages of importance, one of which was the chance of charging on 
an almost panic stricken foe. With what ammunition they did have though, it 
appears they accomplished wonders; havin g kept at bay eight regiments of the 
enemy, believed to consist of at least five thousand men, or ten to one. This 
was from 11^ a. m., to 6 p. m., or 6^ hours. We have no disposition to magnify 
this matter, and merely repeat it as we have heard it, believing it emanates from 
a source worthy of entire confidence. 

 It is said our men fought with great bravery anddetermination, regardless of 
the enemy's vast superiority of numbers$ and that so great was the slaughter 
among our artillery horses that most of our pieces had to be drawn off the field 
by the men themselves on the falling back of our troops. 

ANOTHER ACCOUNT. 

Since the above was written we have been in conversation with a member of 
the 3d Georgia Regiment who gave us the following account: 

On Saturday afternoon about 12 o'clock, eight companies of the 3d Georgia 
Regiment, under command of Col. Wright, attacked the enemy in an open field 
about two miles below South Mills. 

The enemy's forces was estimated at from 3?!?00 to h,000 men, but notwithstand 
ing the great odds in point of numbers against us, we succeeded in keeping the 
emeny at bay for a number of hours. 

Finally, owing to the fact that our ammunition had become exhausted, we 
were compelled to fall back to South Mills, and from South Mills to the Half Way 
House, where we are now waiting reinforcements. 

Our informant could not tell us the exact number of killed and wounded, but 
says it was at first estimated to be about one hundred. Since then the number has 
very much decreased, and from last accounts our loss, it is thought, will not ex 
ceed fifty. 

The enemy's loss is represented as being very heavy, and is put down from 
eight to nine hundred. The account of the great havoc made among the Federal 
by our artillery pieces is confirmed by our informant — NORFOLK DAY BOOK. 

 Southern Watchman, April 30 (2, ii), 1862. 

< , 

THE THIRD GEORGIA AT SOUTH HILLS. 

We are indebted to a friend for the following extract of a letter from an 
officer of Hie Athens G ards, giving an account of Hie late fight at South Mills: 

Bank of Dismal Swamp Canal., N. C., 
April 21st, 1862. 

Just after sunrise on Saturday morning last, the men who had not awaked were 
aroused by the keen report of cannon. This was continued for 20 or 30 minutes, 
when the companies in advance of us passed by the church at which we were 
stationed, and we received orders to fall back with them ii miles to an entrench 
ment. Halting them for a moment, Col. Wright sent an order from South Mills 
to fall back there instantly, that was five miles further. We had insufficient 
transportation even for our sick, and had to lug our baggage or lose it. 

We were ordered, with the Young Guards, to remain at a bridge, under 
command of Col. Lee, and bum it, and thus protect the approach from E. City, 
while the balance of our forces were to engage the enemy then advancing up the 
other side of the river from Camden C. H. The firing soon commenced and we could 
hear it distinctily. You cannot imagine the impatience our boys felt to leave 
their posts and pitch in, for there was no appearance of an enemy where we were. 
But we had positive orders, and therefore dare not leave. 

After several hours artillery fighting, and about one hour musket firing the 
nose suddenly ceased just as the sound died away, a shout ensued, and all noise 
died away. Then it was that we were ordered up to join the other companies. We 
met the falling back in good order, but the Yankees did not follow. We took a 
stand while the other companies fell back, still to the rear, and seeing a detach 
ment of Captain Hendon's company out skermishing in front of us, we mistook them 
for Yankees, and Major Lee ordered the cannon which we had kept with our two com 
panies, to open upon them. Our boys were so anxious to shoot that they also fired 
upon them with their Enfields, and we had almost destroyed them before they could 

 get out of the way, We did not, however, (thank God) hurt any of them. But 
this fireing and the sight of our two companies strewn out as we were when we 
brought up our reinforcements together with the tremendous resistance our men 
had made in the fight, determined the Yankees to fall back also; this they did at 
night, but knowing they had five thousand men and could be large reinforced 
before day, and not knowing "they had any idea of retreating, Colonel Wright called 
a counsel of war, and finding that we had less than one thousand men and but 
little more ammunition, none for one of our cannon, the cousel desired him to 
fall back to a safer place and await reinforcements in as much as our position 
could there be turned with ease by so large a force of the Yankees had. 

We fell back several miles that night and received a force yesterday so 
large as to make us eager to return to the contest. But just as we were about 
to move forward, a dispatch was received by flag of truce from the Yankees, asking 
permission to bury their dead, &c.—Me do not know certainly how many Yankees were 
killed, but it is thought by those who were in the fight that at least $00 were 
made to "bite the dust." I suspect this is a large estimate; but our men did 
certainly fight like devils. We lost only about 10 or 12 killed and as many were 
wounded. Lieut. Wilson, from Bairdstown, was wounded and taken prisoner; a Mr. 
Jernigan, who refused to leave him, was also taken. Deck Elder, of Capt. Hendon's 
company, was, we fear, taken prisoner. He has not come in. None of his men killed 
unless Elbr was. All Capt Billups' boys are safe, of course, as none of them were 
engaged but Buck Vincent. He fought with Capt. Hendon's men. Capt. Beall and 
Capt. Griffin's men were not in the fight, by in reserve. We did not have more than 
three hundred men in the fight, besides Capt. Comas' Artillery Company. We had 
three pieces of artillery engaged and the Yankees three. Capt. Comas was killed. 
I have lost all my clothes. Many of our boys had to throw away knapsacks in the 
rapid march; but we are all eager to meet the Yankees in anything like equal combat. 
Gen. Blanchard, Col. Wright and xn a thousand troops have gone to the battle field — 

 i 

, Southern Watchman, May 7 (2, 5-(3) l),l862. 

THE FALL OFJFOR PULASKI—FULL AND INTERESTING PARTICULARS. 

The New York Herald has a long account of the bombardment and capture of 
Fort Pulaski. After describing minutely the vast array of guns and mortars in 
the eleven batteries which bore upon the fort, it gives the following correspon 
dence . 

Headquarters^ Department of South, 
Tybee Island, Ga., April 18, 1862. 

To the Commanding Officer Fort Pulaski: 

Sir: I hereby demand of you the immediate surrender and restoration of 
Fort Pulaski to the authority and possession of the United States. 

The demand is made with a view to avoiding, if possible, the effusion of 
blood which must result from the bombardment and attack now in readiness to be 
opened.^ The number, calibre and completeness of the batteries surrounding you 
leave no doubt as to what must result in case of refusal; and as the defence, 
however obstinate, must eventually succomb to the assailing force at my dis 
posal, it is hoped you will see fit to avert the useless waste of life. 

This communication will be carried to you under a flag of truce by Lieut. 
J. H. Wilson, United States Army, who is authorized to wait any period not 
exceeding thirty minutes from delivery for your answer. 

I have the honor to be, sir, your most obedient servant, 

DAVID HUNTER, 
Major General Commanding. 
REPLY. 

Headquarters, Fort Pulaski, 
April 10, 1862 

Major General David Hunter, Commanding at Tybee Island: 

Sir: I have to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of this date, 
demanding the unconditional surrender of Fort Pulaski. 

I reply, I can only say that I am here to defend the fort—not to surrender it. 

 - 2 - 

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

Chas. H. Olmstead, 

Colonel First Volunteer Regiment of Georgia, 
commanding post. 

Lieut. Wilson was received at the wharf, and his dispatch conveyed to Col 
Olmstead. He remained in the boat until the reply was received, about fifteen 
minutes after, when he immediately returned to Tybee, and delivered it to 
General Hunter. Upon its contents—so laconic and soldierly—becoming knowp, 
signal was made for the first gun to be fired. General Hunter, General Benham, 
General GiLnore, Captain Roberts and others, immediately hurried out to the 
batteries, where a good view could be obtained. 

THE BOMBARDMENT. 

On Thursday morning, at 23 minutes of eight, the fire was opened by a dis 
charge of a thirteen inch mortar from Battery Halleck, firetj by Lieut Horace 
Porter, of the Ordnance Department, the shell exploding in the air; and this 
was succeeded by a thirteen inch shell from Battery Stanton, which exploded short. 
In a moment or two several of the mortars were discharged from the other 
batteries; but none of the shell were effective, the firing being too wild and the 
fuses too short. Three minutes after the first fire Fort Pulaski responded from 
a ten inch barbette gun, the shell exploding harmless over Tybee Island. The 
fir^at noon became general on both sides, little damage being done by either for 
some time, as we had not attained the correct range, and the enemy were not quite 
sure of the position of our battery. Soon, however, we observed the dust begin 
to fly from the pancopy, between the south and soueast faces, and we were satisfied 
that the braching batteries (Halleck, Scott, Siegel, McClellan, Totten), on Goat 
Point, were in full play, sending their rifled balls, solid ten inch shot and 
heavy shell, with terrible effect against the walls. Unfortunately, through some 

 - 3 - 

weakness of the iron carriages of the ten-inch columbiads, two of the columbiads 
which were throwing solid ten-inch shells were dismounted by recoil, jumping 
backwards directly off their carriage. 

The rifle guns were served rapidly and with skill, and in an hour or so but 
one gun on the barbette was in play, and that fired only occasionally, The fire 
was evidently too hot for the rebels, as they did not stick to their guns very 
closely. Their played at our different batteries from their 32's and ij.2's in 
casemate; but finding they range too short to reach the mortar batteries, they 
concentrated their fire upon the Goat Point batteries, occasionally giving Battery 
Burnside a few moments attention, when Sergeant Wilson, of the Sappers and Miners, 
who commanded it, had got his range, and was annoying the fort with 13-inch shells, 
which burst in and over it. No damage was done. At 20 minutes past eleven the 
flag on Pulaski came down, the lanyards having been cut by a fragment of shell 
from mortar n. 2, Battery Stanton, worked by Corporal Trumbull, 7th Connecticut 
Volunteers. The result was hailed with loud cheers, that extended from battery 
to battery along the line. The flag was down 20 minutes or more, and then appeared 
again on a temporary flag-staff, and floated gaily in the breeze. The bombardment 
went on all day, the fire from our batteries being more effective every minute. 

The enemy, finding that our thirteen-inch shells were not so destructive as they 
expected, began to work their barbette guns with great energy, and give us some 
trouble. Our parrott guns were brought to bear upon then, and a hot fire was 
poured upon their guns and one or two of them dismounted. The fire from the 
breaching batteries became more and more disastrous to the enemy as the day ad 
vanced. The pancope began to assume a mottled aspect. It appeared to have the 
small pox, blotches appearing all over it. These after a while ran together and 
deep holes in the face of the wall of the pancope were discovered, which became 
deeper and deeper, and finally assumed the form of a breach. The breach at dusk, 

 -tl - 

at which time the fire was suspended on both sides, was not entirely through 
the wall, except at one small point, through which a gleam of sunlight was 
caught about sunset. During the night an occasional shell was thrown from 
batteries Bumside and Halleck, and from the rifled guns of battery Siegel. 
The enemy made no reply, but seemed to be engaged in repairing damages. We 
had lost not a man during the day, and sustained no damage of consequence to 
our batteries. 

Such as were injured were repaired by the engineers during the ntght, and 
were made ready by daylight for another day's operations. At daylight on Fri 
day fire was again opened by our batteries and quickly responded to by the 
enemy—who had got their barbette guns in position during the night—with great 
rapidity and some precision, as I can testify myself if a lame wrist, obtained 
in a rapid movement in dodging a shell, may be considered goodauthority. 

A ten-inch shell entered one of the embrasures of Battery McClellan, and 
exploded in the battery with terrible effect. Thomas Campbell, of Company H, 
Captain Rogers' Third Rhode Island Artillery, was struck by splinters of the 
shell on the head, left leg(which it crushed,) and on the thigh. He was buried 
at the same instant by a load of sand thrown from the magazine. He was immediately 
extricated and sent to the hospital, where he died in ^ minutes, perfectly con 
scious to the last. He was the only man killed on our side during the bombard 
ment. 

A German by the name of Knowles, of Company H, was hit by a fragment of the 
same shell, but a snuff box in his vest pocket saved his life, although it in 
flicted a painful contusion on his side. 

Another shell exploded near the Second Lieut of Company H, tore his clothes 
in several places, and knocked him down, but did not injure him at all. 

One man was killed on our side. One rebel killed; four wounded. 

 During the night all our dismounted 10 inch columbiads—one in Battery 
Lane and two in Battery Scott—were again mounted, and opened with effect in 
the morning. The James shells, which had well bored and honeycombed the pan- 
cope of the fort, had prepared it well for the operations of the solid 10-inch 
shot, and when the columbiads from Goat Point opened the pancope began go 
tremble. The breach of the day previous enlarged, two others were effected, and 
by two o'clock, when the rebel flag was hauled down, and the white flag raised, a 
practicable breach, large enough to drive a four horse wagon through had been 
formed, and our James shells were passing through, across the terra plain, and 
breaching the magazine itself. This brought the rebels to terms. They uncon 
ditionally surrendered. 

THE CAPITULATION. 

Gen. Cjjjnore immediately proceeded with his staff and Gen. Benham to Goat's 
Point, where a boat was soon obtained to cross over the South Pass of the river 
to the Fort and communicate with the defeated rebels. Articles of capitulation 
were drawn up and signed, and Gen. Gilmore stipulated that the wounded and dead 
might be sent to Savannah. The troops in the fort marched out and stacked their 
arms, and the officers surrendered their swords and small aims to Maj. Halphim, 
of Gen. Hunter's staff, with a few remarks as they laid down their weapons. The 
officers were greatly chagrined, of course, at the result, but talked as boldly 
and defiantly as ever. 

Terms of CAPITULATION. 

The following are the teims of caputalation agreed upon for the surrender 
to the forces of the United States of Fort Pulaski, Cockspur Island, Georgia: 

Article 1.-—The fort, armament and garison to be surrendered to the forces 
or the United States. 

Article 2.—The officers and men of the garrison to be allowed to take with 
them all their private effects, such as clothing, bedding, books, &c. This is 
not to include private weapons. 

 - 6 - 

Article 3*—The sick and wounded, under charge of the hospital steward 
of the garrison to be sent under a flag of truce to the Confederate lines at 
the same time the men to be allowed to send any letters they may desire, sub 
ject to *the inspection of a Federal officer. 

Signed this 11 th day of April, 1862. 

Chas H. Olmstead, 

Col. 1st Vol. Reg't of Georgia, Fort Pulaski. 

Brig. Gen. Vols., commanding United States forces Tybee Island Georgia. 

The document was sent to the district commander, and accompanied by the 
following communication from the General of the attacking brigade: 

Fort Pulaski, Ga., April 11, 1862. 

General H. A. ^enham, Commanding Northern District, Department of the South, 
Tybee Island, Ga. 

Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith the terms of capitulation for 
the surrender to the United States of Fort Pulaski, Ga., signed by me this llth 
day of April, 1862. 

I trust these terms will receive*, your approval, they being substantially 
those authorized by you as commander of the district. 

The fort hoisted the white flag at a quarter before two o'clock this after 
noon, after a resistance since eight o'clock yesterday morning to the continuous 
fire of our batteries. 

A practicable breach in the walls was made in eighteen and a half hour's firing 
by daylight. 

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, 

Q. A. Gjjmore, 

Brigadier General Volunteers, commanding United States Forces on Tybee Island, 
Georgia. 

We captured with the fort three hundred and sixty prisoners, including the 

 — 7 — 

commander, staff and line officers. Their names are as follows; 

Col. Charles M. Olmstead, commanding post; Major John Foley, Adjutant M. H. 
Hopkins, Quartermaster Robert Irwin, Coimnissaries Robert D. Walker, J. T. Mc- 
Farland, Sergeant Major Robert H. Lewis, Quartermaster Sergeant Wm. C. Crawford, 
Ordinance Sergeant Harvey Sims. 

Officers of the Montgomery Guard, Savannah, Georgia.—Captain B. J. Gilmartin; 
First Lieutenant, John J. Symons; Senior Second Lieutenant, Christopher Hussey; 
Junior Second Lieutenant C. M. Murphy. 

German Volunteers, Savannah.—Captain, John H. Stiegan; Second Lieutenant 
Henry Warner, Junior Second Lieutenant Charles Unbach. 

Oglethorpe Light Infantry, Savannah.—Captain F. W. Sims, First Lieutenant H. 
C. Truman, Junior -Second Lieutenant, Jams Ackerman. 

Wise Guard, Macon County, Ga.—Captain H. J. McMullin; First Lieutanant 
T. W. Montford; Senior Second Lieutenant, J. . N. Ludlow; Junior Second Lieutenant, 
John Blow. 

Washington Volunteers, Savannah.—Captain, John McHahon; First Lieutenant, 
Francis Blair; Senior Second Lieutenant, J. C. ""bwland; Junior Second Lieutenant, 
A. J. McArthur. 

The balance of the three hundred and sixty are privates and non-commissioned 
officers. With the fort we took forty seven guns ten inch and eight inch, two 
rifled, but most casemate thirty twos and forty-twos. Also seven thousand shot and 
shell, and in the magazine we found about forty thousand pounds of powder of various 
qualities. About three months' supply of provisions was taken, will be well used by 
our troops. 

The fort has been badly used by our shot and shell. The interior presents a 
melancholy aspect. The barricades or splinter proofs are torn to pieces in many 
places; piece, of bricks timber, stone, cannon balls, unexploded projectiles and 
shells, fragments of shell, etc. strew the parade ground in the interior of the 
work. At the angle of the breach, the arches have been torn out, guns dismounted, 

 - 8 - 

and debris of brick and timber, broken gun carriages, muskets, etc., fill up the 
casemates. And in one or two places where shell entered the embrasures and burst 
inside, you can trace the flight of each fragment as it ripped up the woodwork 
and shattered the brick work in the casemates. The officers quarters were badly 
shattered. The breach being very large several rifle balls passed through it, 
over the terra plain, and began to batter the magazine on Hie northwest comer 
in a manner that carried terror to the hearts of the enemy. From their experience 
they knew that it was possible for a rifle shell to pass entirely through the walls 
of the magazine and blow it up and with the fort and all its occupants. This 
induced a surrender and the white flag went up. It will cost $5,000 to put the 
fort into the same condition of defence that it was before we opened fire. The 
walls are greatly shaken, and all believe had the bombardment continued half a day 
Linger the entire wall of the pancope would have fallen into a ditch a mass of 
ruins. The men could feel the walls of the fort tremble and quake when a solid 
ten-inch shot struck it, and from that fact you can get a tolerably correct idea 
of the Jbamense force with which they strike. It was terrific. Out of fifteen 
guns and mortars enbarbette but four of them were serviceable. The balance were 
dismounted, or otherwise rendered incapable of use. 

 Southern Watchman, May 7, (2, 3), 1862. 

THE FIGHT AT BRIDGEPORT. 

We are indebted to Capt. Hintz for the following account of the affair 
at Bridgeport, Tenn, which will be read with interest, as many of "our boys" from 
this section participated in it: 

Headquarters i^3d Reg. Ga. Vols. 
ltth May, 1862. 

Mr. Editor: For the satisfaction of friends at home I desire to give a 
true statement of facts as well as can I ascertain at Bridgeport, on Tuesday 
29th ult. On Monday morning, the h3d Georgia regiment was ordered to Bridge 
port, and arrived there about 2 o'clock P. M. In a short time our cavalry 
pickets came in with the news that the enemy were advancing in strong force- 
the 39th Georgia regiment, Col HcConnell commanding, and Lieut. Col Bell com 
manding ours, the i^3d, were drawn up in line battle. We slept that night on 
our anus until an hour before day, when Gen. Leadbetter ordered the 39th to 
advance on to Widows' Creek Bridge, five miles from Bridgeport, they returned 
at 8 or 9 olclock, and reported that the enemy had fallen back towards Stephenson. 
General Leadbetter, then ordered Capt. Mullin's forty men three miles above the 
Railroad Bridge on Widows' Creek, Lieut. J. M. Story with thirty-seven men at 
the Bridge, and Lieut Simmons with forty men three miles down the River; when 
Lieut. Story arrived at the Bridge, he found some of the Arches cut and the 
Bridge ,xh*E<iHxmtxxn]KKxz±xiim on fire. About 2 or 3 o'clock P. M., the advance 
post of Lieut. Story's command discovered the enemy advancing in strong force 
down the Railroad and bursting out of the woods below the Bridge, our pickets 
fired on them and returned back towards the main company, stationed about one 
hundred yards from the Bridge5 the ground was fine bottom land for over half a 
mile to the woods—my company returned back towards the woods under a heavy fire 
of artilery—shells bursting all around them, but none were killed or hurt, except 
R. H. Hardy, as he was getting over the fence at the wooRs a shell bursted under 

 - 2 - 

under him, Utterly tearing the fence to pieces under him. I have no doubt but 
what he is now numbered with the many brave patriots who have given their lives 
in the defense of our country. Lieut. Story was exhausted from the effects of 
Rhumatism, and ordered his men to retreat on to Bridgeport, and report to Gen. 
Leadbetter. They all arrived safe except Sergt. T. J. Henderson, Corp'l % J. 
Espy, Privates W. J. Whitem M. F. Smith, John Coker, and Bisby Cokrrj the last 
seen of Sergt. Henderson and M. F. Smith, they were going in the direction of the 
enemy who crossed three miles above the Railroad Bridge, I have no doubt they are 
either killed or taken prisoners. 

Corp. Espy, W. J. White and the two Mr. Cokers, were cut off with Lieut. 
Story. They arrived within one-fourth mile of Bridgeport, as our forces were re 
treating over the bridge, which was set on fire at the same time by them. They 
then made their way down the river, and were out all that night, and the next day 
and night, before they were fortunate enough to cross the river. They came into 
camps Friday evening about night, worn out, with blistered feet. They saved their 
guns in their rounds. Capt. Williams, when he heard the firing, on Lieut. Story, 
marching on to his aid, he went about one and a half miles, and found the firing 
so heavy that he knew that Story could not stand, and made his way for Bridgeport. 
But the time he lost in trying to reinforce my company, I fear proved the de 
struction of his command. Himself, and only nine have made their escape, that we 
have heard of. His Lieut. Rhinchardt—a brave and gallant officer is, no doubt, 
killed, the last was seen of him, he was making his way to the bridge firing on 
them every few steps, he fell, but still firing. Our forces on this side of the 
fiver fell back, thatnight fourteen miles. On my arrival at Chattanooga, finding 
some dead and some dying, the question with me was whether to go to my men who were 
in the battle-field, or stay with those who were sick and dieing, was a question 
with me of deep concern, while my men were either killed or prisoners. I felt/ 

 - 3 - 

to help to recover the living, as I could do the dead no good. On the first 
train when called for again, I joined into make battle in behalf of my men who 
were left behind, being considerably fatigued and wearied out, unable to do 
duty, but willing to give my live for the rescue of my men. I went on to meet 
the enemy and after getting a portion of way to Bridgeport, we received the 
news that the enemy had fallen back from Bridgeport, and that Gen. Price had 
cut them off at Decatur, Ala. We are now in Chattanooge, ready to meet them 
and drive them off from Georgia soil. 

M. M. Mintz. 

 Southern Watchman, May 7 (1, 2-it), 1862. 

OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE. 

t 

South Mills, N. C., April 22, 1862. 

Friend Christy:—To relieve the anxiety of our numerous friends, and es 
pecially those who have husbands, sons and brothers in the Clarke Rifles, I 
send you, for publication, the following account of the casualties and the part 
we bore in the late engagement near this place. 

Early in the morning of the l°th inst., heavy cannonading was heard in 
the direction of Elizabeth City, and about 8 o'clock we learned that the enemy 
had landed a large force about 12 o'clock the preceding night, and were advancing 
on South Hills by the Camden road, with the evident intention of cutting off the 
seven companies of our Regiment stationed on the E. City road and avoiding the 
entrenchments in that direction. Immediately knapsacks were packed, arms in 
spected and everything in waiting for orders to march. About 9 o'clock our com 
pany was ordered to move forward and take position about two miles Southeast of 
the Mills, on the Camden road. Being a little nearer we were the first to arrive 
on the ground. I deployed on the left of the road, with a large plantation in 
front, surrounded by a ditch 2 feet wide and lg- deep, with a fence on the inside 
and a heavy growth of young pines in the rear. The fence was pulled down and 
piled up on the bank of the ditch, which afforded a pretty good protection against 
musketry. Shortly afterwards, Col. Wright, with 2 pieces of Capt. McComas' 
Artillery, arrived and took position in the road in the edge of the field. The 
Dawson Greys and Home Guards soon came up and were deployed on the right. Col. 
Wright with the eye of a veteran and a true soldier, immediately made his dis 
positions for the approaching conflict. Some houses in the way, on either side 
of the road, were burned; the ditches crossing the plantation were filed with 
rails and fired, to prevent the enemy from occupying them. The Brown Rifles and 
Burke Guards, who had been stationed at the entrenchments, came up and were deployed 

 - 2 - 

on our left. Two companies, under Col. Read, were held as a reserve, and the 
Athens Guards and Young Guards, under Kaj. Lee, were left to bum Pasquotank 
bridge and defend the approach from E. City. The 1st platoon of my company, in 
command of Lieut. McEee, were thrown out on the extreme left to act as skimishers 
and prevent our being flanked in that direction. This heroic little band, in 
their eagerness to find the enemy, which they did, and succeeded in killing and 
wounding a number of them were cut off, and after many hair-breadth escapes, 
being fired upon by some of our own force,and wading almost impenetrable morasses, 
finally succeeded in rejoining the company, "all safe." 

Thus arranged, with only four and a half companies and two pieces of artillery 
in line of battle, we calmly awaited the approach of the enemy, 6,000 strong, re 
solved to give him battle. We were not long kept in suspense, for soon the head 
of their column came in sight, advancing along the road. The ball was opened at 
the distance of about j?00 yards, by one of our guns, which immediately stopped 
their advance. They were doubtless surprised to find us there. We lay down, ex 
pecting a shell in reply; and sure enough, here it came, whizzing through the 
air. This was the first we ever heard: it passed high over our heads, however, 
and fell in the woods farbeyond. I passed along the lines to see how our boys 
took it. They were laughing and cracking jokes, as though theywere going into a 
game of town ball. For three hours we lay thus exposed to his fire—the balls 
singing over our heads, tearing off the limbs and occasionally exploding near us. 
Cur Artillery did splendid shooting; the third ball struck immediately in their 
front, knocking the dust in their faces, and went cocheting down their lines, 
driving them back and doubtless causing great destruction. One of their shells 
bursted exactly where the Artillery was stationed, disabling one gun, wounding 
one man and a piece struck a tree through the bark in Capt. HcComas' face, Later 
in the day he was struck by a minnie ball, and died instantly. A braver and a 

 - 3 - 

cooler man never lived. The Old Dominion may well be proud of such a son. 

While the cannonading was going on, I walked along the lines where our noble 
boys were lying, and wondered to myself how many of that gallant little band 
would answer to roll call that night, and involuntarily uttered a prayer that God 
would turn aside the enemy's balls, and spare them for their country, their families 
and their friends. 

Knowing that the enemy would try to flank us, Lieut. Crenshaw, who had come 
on the field with an Enfield rifle, was sent forward into the ditch to watch the 
movements of the enemy, and soon reported them advancing along the fence side, on 
our left. I looked, and sure enough there they were. One came over the fence — 
he fired on him and he fell, and was consequently the first man who fired a mus 
ket. The order was given to advance into the ditch, and with a yell the boys 
pitched into it, and then commenced the work in good earnest. The enemy stood 
our fire about 10 minutes, and poured into our lines a perfect hail storm of 
minnie balls. I shouted to them to keep cod take good aim and throw away no 
lead; but it was unnecessary, for never did old and tried veterans fight with more 
coolness anddeliberation. As they turned to load, I looked in their faces to see 
how they stood it—not a man flinched, not a countenance blanched nor a hand trembled. 
But they would spring on the bank of the ditch, and shout to each other, "Now, boys, 
see me flirt him," and amidst the roar of cannon, the crash of small arms and tne 
whiz of bullets, you might hear them cheering each other, and laughing when the 
balls would knock the splinters and dust in their faces. The 9th N. Y Zouaves once 
attempted to charge our line, and came within 80 or 100 yards of us; but our fire 
was too sure, and they flanked off into the woods, leaving a field officer dead on 
the field, and nearly one third the men killed and wounded. They were three times 
repulsed and driven back, Our force actually engaged was only 368, opposed to 5 
regiments, with 1,000 in reserve. With this immense odds, at least 10 to 1, 'He 
held our position i^ hours, in an open field fight, and never left our position till 
the Artillery was out of ammunition, and we were complete flanked on our left, and 

 received a fire in the rear, and even then retreating in good order. There is 
no destruction—all fought gallantly. Col. Wright acted with the utmost cool 
ness, walking along the lines in the hottest of the fight, cheering the boys, 
while the balls were whistling around him thick as hail stones. He was still 
Col. Wright. We fell back that night as far as the Mills, feeling unable to 
hold our position, which now was a line of at least 5 miles, along which they 
could flank us at almost any point, with but one Regiment opposed to 6,000, our 
artillery out of ammunition, and uncertain when reinforcements would arrive. 

At 2 o'clock next morning we fell back 12 miles further, to prevent them 
from falling in our rear, by roads leading from their position. It appears 
that about Hie same time they left the battle field in great haste, leaving a 
great number of their dead and wounded on the battle field. A thousand or 
twelve hundred pounds of powder, some two hundred stqid of small arms, knapsacks, 
blankets, overcoats, canteens, &c.; and in their precipitate retreat, pressing 
horses, carts, wagons, tearing up bridges and carrying off with them about 60 ne 
groes. At daylight next morning the foremost had reached their boats, 1^ miles 
distant, while the balance were scattered along the road. 

Could we have known how badly we had whipped them, or had we a cavalry force 
to have pursued them, we could have taken a great many prisoners and munitions of 
war. Meeting the 1st Louisiana coming to reinforce us, we returned and reoccupied 
our position that evening. 

Our loss, compared with the immense odds and the time we were engaged,tag 
very small—6 killed, 15 wounded, 10 or 12 missing. Their loss, by the admission 
of their own men, taken prisoners, is three hundred killed and wounded, including 
1$ officers. We have captured between 75 and 100 prisoners. They think, and you 
cannot make them believe but that they were fighting 7,000 men. I think they have 
got such a taste of the 3d Georgia that they will not want to try us again soon. 

 While we are rejoicing over our success and the gallant stand we made, our hearts 
are saddened by the memory of the gallant boys we lost, who were decently buried 
this evening with military honors. Peace to their ashest The casualties in the 
company are, Wm. Loving, killed; Wm. C. Wright, severely wounded in the face; 
Jas. M. Lecroy, slightly wounded in the spine by concussion; Walden Wise, slightly 
in the hand; Urn. C. Hunnally was grazed on the face; Lieut. Crenshaw had his cap 
knocked off and his sword bent by a ball—he took his place in the ditch and fired 
27 rounds. Doctor E. Elder is missing. He was sent out before the engagement, 
with H. Franks and Jas. Graves, who was reported missing, but has since come in, on 
a reconnoitreing expedition, and has not been heard of since the battle. He is 
either killed or taken prisoner—I think the latter. 

Never did men stand fire better than our boys; and I think I may safely say, 
our friends at home need not be ashamed of us. And I will add, as an act of 
justice to the whole company, that we were first upon the ground, first in the 
ditch, in the hottest of the fire, and last to leave it. 

Your friend, truly, 

J. W. HENDON. 

 ? i 

' < Southem Watchman, May 7, (1,1;-!?), 1862. 

3d Georgia Regiment, 
South Mills, N. C., April 23d, 1862. 

Dear Watchman:—After a delay of four days, I write you for the purpose of 
giving your readers as correct details of the battle fought between 360 
Confederates and six regiments of Yankees, on the 19th inst., as can be as 
certained. On Saturday morning about 9 o'clock, five companies of the Third 
Georgia Regiment were ordered to march down the Camden road for the purpose of 
meeting the enemy, the remainder being at that time at Elizabeth City. After 
marching about two miles and a half from South Mills, we were halted and were 
ordered to prepare for the contest which was soon to commence. Our brave and 
active Colonel Wright soon arranged things to suit him, and then patiently awaited 
the advance of the scoundrels. About 11§- o'clock, A. M., the "stars and stripes" 
were seen in the distance, and no sooner seen than they were cut down by our 
artillery. Our artillery killed a great many of them with the first four or five 
shots from our guns. We confused, surprised and scattered the enemy. Our boys 
fought gallantly for nearly five ho rs against fearful odds. We not only fought 
six regiments with about 300 infantry and three pieces of artillery, but fought 
New York Zouaves who had been so exceedingly anxious to fight the "bloody third" 
for so long a time. The 9th regiment New York Zouaves attempted to charge us— 
did charge about ^0 yards—and were repulsed with heavy loss. Our boys were cool 
and deliberate and made every cartridge tell in the enemies ranks. Although our 
boys had never heard the "music" of so many leaden balls, yet they were undaunted. 
I know men never received a charge more bravely and deliberately than our boys 
did. Capt. HcComas' artillery boys fought bravely. The prisoners which we took 
from the 9th New York, and the wounded they left on the field, admit they lost 19 
officers in the charge—among them Col. Hawkins, Adjutant Gadsden, and others 
whose names I could not ascertain.They acknowledge hO killed by the second shot from 

 - 2 - 

our artillery. The people along the road say the Yanks pressed a great many 
wagons into service for the purpose of hauling off their dead and wounded. 
buried many a one in the woods near the battle field on Saturday night, and 
left a great many of their wounded in some old houses near by the road. In 
giving the casualties on their side, we can only take their own admissions and 
the reports of the citizens along the road, together with the graves and pits 
found near the fighting ground. They say they lost a great many—some of them say 
about 3^0. The citizens say they carried off their dead and wounded by wagons 
full. They Mere burying them all along the road. Many graves and large pits 
were found on the field. It is generally believed we killed and wounded between 
five and six hundred. Besides the killed and wounded, we have taken about i;0 
prisoners, and about 1300 pounds powder. We took a great many small arms-—rifles 
and muskets, and disabled two pieces of their artillery which they buried some 
where below the field of conflict. 

With about 360 men fighting six regiments, well armed and equipped, for nearly 
five hours, we only lost six men killed, 20 wounded, one taken prisoner and two 
missing. The companies engaged on our side were the following: "Burke Guards," 
"Brown Rifles,-' "Home Guards," "Clarke County Rifles" and "Confederate Light 
Guards" Neither of these companies were full-averaged not more than fifty men. 
Col. Wright said to Capt. Hendon, "Captain I must compliment you and your company— 
you fought gallantly." The Clarke County Rifles did fight bravely—men never fought 
more desperately. Our brave Captain was where the balls came thickest, and proved 
himself to be a gallant leader, while our boys showed they were not afraid of 
Lincoln's hordes. All the officers and men of our company, as well as the other 
companies, in the language of Gen. Huger, "covered themselves with glory." 

William Loving of our company was killed, W. C. Wright was badly wounded in 
the face, and LeCroy, Nunnally and Wise were slightly wounded. Dr. E. Elder is 
missing. 

I do not know the names of the killed and wounded in other companies, except 

 - 3 - 

Lieut. Wilson, of the "Dawson Grays," who was severely wounded in the leg, and 
young Deese whowas killed. 

We should all feel profoundly grateful to the God of all blessings for His 
goodness in preserving our lives. To Him we give all the glory for our safety 
and success. We now occupy a position near South Mills, and feel prepared to 
meet any number of the scoundrels. I cannot write you more at present. Hoping 
we nay make Bumside's next expedition through the Dismal Swamp more disagreeable 
and unprofitable than the first, I subscribe myself 

Yours friend, 

Z. F. Crenshaw. 

P.S.—I have just heard that Dr. E. Elder was taken prisoner. We have been 
largely re-inforced, and now feel able to fight any number Lincoln can send to 
meet us. Hoping that we may have a chance to meet them again soon, and after 
my love to All the friends of our company, I remain, 

Yours, &c. Z. F. C. 

 i ' 

SoutheRn Watchman, May lit (2, ii), 1862. 
' 

RE-ORGANIZATION. 

The Troup Artillery has been re-organized as follows, under the Conscript 
Act: 

H. H. Carlton <—-——————Captain. 
C. W. Motes -—————————1st Lieut. 

—-— Murray —————————2d Lieut. 

—— Jennings —————————3d Lieut. 
The Athens Guards re-organized as follows: 

H. C. Billups ———————Captain. 

D. B. Langston ————-——1st Lieut. 

G. E. Hayes ————————2d Lieut. 

R. M. Mc41pin ————————3d Lieut. 
The Clarke Rifles re-organized by the election of the following officers: 

J. J. McRee ————-—-——Captain. 

Z. F. Crenshaw ——————-1st Lieut. 

Lindsey Darham*——————2d Lieut. 

———— ——— ——————3d Lieut. 

-aSince resigned, 

 h 

, < 

Southern Watchman^ May 21 (l, 2-h), 1862. 

t 

Savannah, Ga.,<May 10, 1862. 

John H. Christy, Esq.—Savannah, although threatened, has not yet been 
attacked, and, unlike New Orleans, still remains in our possession. Since the 
date of my last letter, things military have remained in statu quo. Our forces, 
in the meantime, being engaged in strengthening and perfecting the defences 
guarding the approaches to the city, by land and water. These are deemed by 
the officers in command sufficiently invulnerable to cause the enemy to hesi 
tate long before making a forward movement, if, indeed, they do not deter him 
from it altogether, during the present campaign at least. 

I wish, in this communication, to express my sentiments, unreservedly, on 
a subject which I conceive to be of some little importance in the fiery ordeal 
through which the soldiers are now passing. The correspondent of the Savannah 
Republican, in one of his graphic and unequalled letters from Richmond, last 
January, and denounced it as he alone is able to denounce a thing incompatible 
with his notions (generally just) of propriety and plain, homespun common sense. 
I allude to the abominable "red tape" manoeuverings, inaugurated among high 
officials, in the Government, at Richmond, and everywhere else, which, when 
followed to their legitimate results and consequences, may properly be charged 
with the cause of the several dire reverses that have recently overtaken our 
operations in the field. 

The truth is, the disasters to our arms, met with since the 21st July, 
1861, the day of the Manasas battle, are attributable to several causes—blunders- 
committed and permitted by those in authority over our armies. Had we lost that 
battle, I am of opinion the result would have been better for us in the end, even 
at this time. After that signal defeat of the enemy, our government officeals 
and military leaders retired, apparently, from the field, so far as regarded any 
substantial preparations to meet the invaders, in their subsequent efforts to get 

 - 2 - 

a foot-hold on exposed points of Southern soil, and thus be able to reduce our 
sea-port cities and towns into their possession. And when reduced, or surrounded, 
the Lincoln commanders express their utter astonishment at the cowardice of the 
Confederate forces, in abandoning positions, almost impregnable by nature, and 
susceptible of so successful a defence against the approaches of an enemy. This 
was "red tape" No. 1. 

Let me instance the Roanoke Island disaster, brought upon us either by the 
incompetency of our officers in command there, or a wicked and wilful neglect of 
the use of the means necessary to have ensured to our cause not only success, but 
a magnificent victory, on that occasion. And hence, Gen. Wise very justly declares 
that whoever is to blame for that disaster, whether one or many, all ought to be 
unceremoniously hung for the injury thereby inflicted upon the country; and to 
the opinion the intelligence and patriotism of the South respond a hearty amen. 
"Red tape" No. 2. 

The town of Fernandina, Florida, well fortified and easily defended, capable 
of making, under the leadership of a brave and determined commander, a long and 
perhaps successful resistance to the efforts of the enemy to take the city, is 
abandoned, surrendered, without firing a gun or burning a grain of powder, to 
prevent the consummation of the enemy's purpose^ and when in their possession, the 
Lincoln General, in looking around and seeing what might have been done to pre 
vent his approach to, and occupancy of, the harbor and city, and that absolutely 
nothing was even attempted in that direction, is absolutely thunder-struck with 
amazement. "Red tape" No. 3. 

Where, and whatwere the South Carolina chivalry doing, that they permitted 
Fort Royal to be disgraced by the tread of a hated, blood-thirsty, and thieving 
Lincoln mercenary upon her classic soil? "Red tape" No. h. 

 - 3 - 

Where were the officers in command, on the Georgia side of the river, that 
they suffered %bee Island to be occupied, and heavy batteries, mounted with 
scores of rifled cannon, mortars, and siege guns, commanding the sides of Fort 
Pulaski, to be erected thereon, thereby ensuring, whenever the Lincoln commander 
should see proper to attack it, the fall of that stronghold? "Red tape" No. 5. 

What have the authorities and people of Mew Orleans been doing—thinking 
about—that they have made comparatively no preparations to defend the city, 
the possession of which by the enemy, is to them the key to the entire Mississippi 
valley, and the gigantic North-western States? The morning's papers give the 
reply to this question, in the announcement, by telegraph, that the magnificent, 
proud, highly favored, wealthy Crescent city, the Queen Mart of the South and 
South-west, has fallen an easy prey into the greedy clutches of our inhuman and 
avaricious foes. "Red tape" No. 6. 

Since the Manassas fight, in which, unfortunately for us, as I contend, we 
were successful, we have been bragging and boasting of our superior prowess and 
bravery, indomitable courage and endurance and ability to thrash out the Yankees, 
three to one, in any conflict, approximating to a fair fight, in open field, and 
we have been doing little else. The bitter fruits of this hallucination, of this 
unaccountable dilatoriness, and proclivity, among our high officials, to procasti- 
nate, from day to day, and month to month, what should have been done promptly, 
without any delay whatever, we are now reaping in the fall of our cities and 
strongholds, and their immediate occupancy bo hordes of Hessians, who come to 
pollute our soil, plunder our habitations, steal our slaves, perpetrate indig 
nities upon our wives and mothers, sisters and daughters, desecrate our altars, 
reduce to ashes our happy homes, and inflict upon us, as a conquered and subju 
gated people, every insult, barbarity, hardship, injury and oppression that a 
savage, insolent, and unbridled conquering soldiery may see fit to visit upon us, 
now and henceforth, "Red tape" No. 7. 

 Now, -when the enemy is in possession of Pulaski, the city of Savannah 
beleaguered, and an attack is momentarily expected, we wake up from the dream 
of our fancied security, perceive the dangers ahead and begin to cast about as 
to the best means to repel the approach of the enemy and drive him from our 
shores. And those to whom have been entrusted the defence and safety of our 
beautiful Savannah, the pride and boast of every patriotic Georgian, would, in 
all probability, have slept and dreamt on, had not some delicate and sagacious 
woman thought over the idea of the ruin, and destruction, and infamy threatening 
us, and suggested a plan of prevention of so dire a calamity in the columns of 
the newspapers. Even the ladies, and old grandmothers, of our State, seem to 
have larger notions and a more thorough appreciation of our true condition and 
wants, the dangers that environ and threaten us, and the appliances necessary 
to be brought into requisition and play, to drive back our enemies, and ensure 
our safety, than the minds of the lords of creation are capable of perceiving, 
until it is too late for action. If the country is to be saved from the horrors 
and untold, ineffable miseries, consequent upon subjugation, the women of the 
South will have no small title to the credit of the glorious achievement; and 
if such a thing were allowable, I would rejoice to see the glittering uniforms 
taken from the backs of some officers I wot of, and transferred to the more de 
licate shoulders of certain of our fair countrywomen whom I could name. I am 
certain that the cause of the Confederate States would be, in many ways, sub 
served by such a change in our military leaderships throughout the country. The 
lady commanders of our brave soldiers might not do up things according to military 
science and the "red tape" engineering philosophy of regular West Point ethics; 
but they would do something, and, as is characteristic with their sex, they 
would do that something promptly and with d etermination to succeed, in what might 
be essayed by them in the conduct of military operations. I know one thing the 

 women would not do: they would not dress out in their gay uniforms, with spurs 
on their sides, saddle their horses, desert their companies, battalions and 
regiments every day, ride up to the city, and spend their time in lounging on the 
fine sofas of the hotels, eating big dinners, and gulping down bottle after bottle 
of fine wines and brandies. They would be guilty of no such conduct as this; but 
would remain at their camps, and spend their time in drilling and disciplining 
their soldiers, encouraging then to do their duty, and how to do it, and in per 
forming the thousand and one other offices incident to the tented field, and to 
which every good officer should bend his every thought and energy, and give, at 
all times, his constant and undivided attention and supervision, every hour he 
may be entrusted with the command. 

Promotion spoils the majority of mankind—destroys their usefullness—I 
care not how slight the elevation may be. They universally lose all consideration 
and respect for those below them—treat their equals cavalierly and contemptuously— 
and frequently question the right and fitness of those above them to rule over 
and give law to their actions. I have, Mr. Editor, been in the service for 
several months, and private, as I have been, being somewhat observant in my nature, 
I have seen and learned much during my cang) experience. I know some corporals, 
lieutenants and other officers, men who don't know a letter in the alphabet, and 
cannot write their names, who think themselves the superiors of Generals Beauregard 
and Johnston in every thing pertaining to the evolutions of great armies in the 
field, and military combinations and strategy generally. Ignorant, vain, osten 
tations of their yellow braided coats, striped pants, and the old swords 
dangling from their persons, these Napoleonic specimens of fallen humanity strut 
about the encampment and along the streets, as though the integrity and perpetua 
tion of empire depended upon theirdeeds of heroism and valor. If a private ventures 

 - 6 - 

to dispute with these disciples of Mars, his argument is met, with a gross 
epithet, or a jeering expression, in reply. Ascend higher into the ranks of 
Captains, Colonels, Majors and Generals and this disposition to threat the 
common soldtier with a cerbity and contempt is still more observable and glaring. 
To approach one of these officials, on a private or business transaction, re 
quires that the soldier, who attempts it, should be deeply versed in the military 
etiquette and fashionable observances of the day; that he should pass success 
fully through them, ignoring not the smallest, knowing that if he commits a 
blunder, his application for information, or a favor, will be unheeded, and 
he be denounced for his attempted familiarity, and severely reprimanded for 
his temerity. Having passed through these "ropes" myself, on more occasions than 
one, I know that the evil spoken of has an existence in our very midst. To 
approach a General, requires the unrnost ingenuity and three of intoilect, in the 
common soldier, to accomplish. He must call at a stated hour—he calls, but the 
General has gone to dine with a friend—he calls again, but the general is taking 
a ride, walking in the garden, or attending to other business, of a domestic or 
private character, and does not want to be interrupted that evening. And when 
the poor, jaded soldier does get an audience, and is admitted into the presence 
of the "General commanding," his question is not satisfactorily answered, or 
his paper is improperly worded and gotten up, and he must go back to camp, and have 
the writing properly executed. I know one diseased soldier who, before he could 
get his discharge, walked over 20 miles back and forth, before he succeeded in 
attaining the written warrant of the "Commanding General," authorizing his 
dismissal from the aimy. There is too much "red tape," too much ceremony and cir 
cumlocution, among our high military officials. Indead of simplifying business 
transactions in their offices, and observing a kind and accommodating conduct, in 
their authority, they appear to study up and mystify the details of the one, and 

 - 7 - 

ignore the claims of the other to any portion of their valuable attention. 
Officers of this disposition, and these characteristics, are a drag on the 
efficiency of the common soldiery-—they are worse—an unmitigated curse to the 
service, and should be unceremoniously kicked out of the army everywhere, and 
their places supplied by others who know, and knowing, would perform their 
duties, after the fashion of educated, conciliatory, well-bred gentlemen. 

The mere private, though generally so regarded, is not always an ignoramus 
or a vagabond in his feelings, impulses, hopes and aspirations. The majority 
of them are esteemed gentlemen by their neighbors at home, and their opinions 
are often consulted in matters affecting the welfare of community. To observe 
a contemptuous treatment towards, and disregard of, such men, on the part of 
commanders, argues in them a very slender knowledge of human nature; breeds dis 
gust and hatred towards those who wave the sceptre of authority ovei them; generates 
insubordination in the ranks, inefficiency in the drill, and too often enervates 
and paralyzes that sentiment of bravery that gives dash and impetuosity to their 
actions on the battle field. When soldiers respect and love their commanding 
officers, they do and dare anything, the accomplishment of which may seem possible, 
when the solemn hour of battle is upon thety, knowing that, like their leaders, 
their own reputation is in the balance, to be weighed and judged by the page of 
enlightened, impartial history; but when soldiers have been roughly and cruelly 
treated by their commanders, and a ( ) insubordination and ill will is 
engendered in their bosoms towards them, they go into the encounter with a reluc 
tance bordering on absolute indifference as to how the conflict may result. 

I have made this letter sufficiently lengthy. I hope that all officers in 
our aimy into whose hands the Watchman may fall, will condescend to read what I 
have written, make a note of the thoughts and suggestions, adopting and observing 
such deductions as are consistent with reason and common sense, and rejecting those 

 - 8 - 

that they may consider crude outcroppings from the ignorant, untutored and 
undisciplined brain of a mere private in the ranks. I charge nothing for the 
advice given; and if it should be the means of reforming the evils and abuses 
mentioned, I shall consider that I am abundantly rewarded in the performance 
of what I believed a duly I owed to the cause of the Confederate Government, 
in this her day of severe trial and adversity. 

W. A. LEWIS. 

 Southern Watchman, June 1 (2, 3-l<),'^ 
Evacuation of Corinth 

That the evacuation of Corinth had become a "military necessity" at 
the time it was done, appears to be well established, as will be seen by 
the following letter from P. W. A., the intelligent correspondent of the 
Savannah Republic. Whether it might not have been prevented if timely 
measures had been adopted, is a different question. We are not disposed, 
however, to call in question the skill, ability or patriotism of our 
Generals. They have had great difficulties to contend with, and have, 
perhaps, done as well as could be done, under the circumstances. The 
wisest men, though, sometimes make great blunders: 

 ; f 

4 
Southern Watchman, Junel (2,3-^), 1862 

Correspondence of the Savannah Republican. 
EVACUATION OF CORINTH 

Mobile, May 29. 

You will probably have learnt by the telegraph, before this reaches 
you, that Corinth has been evacuated by the Confederate Army. At least, 
I infer from what I saw before leaving that place, and from news that has 
reached me today, that our troops will be withdrawn down the Mobile and 
Ohio Railroad, probably tonight or to-morrow. I am not informed of the pre 
cise locality where they will "pitch their tents," but have heard it is 
about forty-five miles below Corinth, and a short distance above the 
Okalona Station. 

I endeavored to prepare your readers for this movement by an inti 
mation thrown out in the concluding paragraph of my last letter. I refer 
to the subject again merely to say, that the evacuation of Corinth, under 
the circumstances which environed the army, was both wise and necessary, as 
a brief statement will suffice to demonstrate. 

The soil around Corinth is of that peculiar character which is very 
wet in winter and very dry in summer. As I stated in a former letter, I 
saw a mule drowned in a small branch near the town, where, two weeks after 
wards, there was not a drop of water to be seen. The consequence was, at 
the time of my departure both the troops and horses were suffering for water 
to an extent you can hardly imagine. The chief supply was obtained from 
the standing pools in the beds of exhausted streams. Steps had been taken to 
bore a number of wells, but it was ascertained that there was no rope or 
tools to be had in the town, and that it would be necessary to send to Columbus, 
Miss., for the particular kind of rope desired. The rope had not been re 
ceived up to the 26th, and but for timely showers, which renewed the supply 

 in the water courses, and the wells dug by the men in low, damp places, 
the army could not have remained there as long as it has. The citizens 
use rain water, caught in cisterns, from the first of October to the first 
of May; but the supply in the cisterns was not sufficient to last the 
army one week. 

In the neighborhood of Pea Ridge, the locality of the enemy's chief 
encampment, the water is better and the supply more abundant. 

But it was not the want of an inadequate supply of water alone that 
rendered it necessary for our army to retire from Corinth. Our encemp- 
ment was bounded on three sides by Bridge creek and a dense swamp—in 
front, on the right, and in the rear—and our breastworks were just behind 
the swamp and ran parallel to it for a considerable distance. The swamp 
was crossed by four or five roads, near which we had planted formidable 
batteries to cut off all approach by the roads. It would now appear that 
the same thing has been done by the enemy, who has advanced near the swamp 
on the other side, thrown up breast works and posted heavy siege guns, 
which not only command the roads leading from our side, but are of 
sufficient callibre to shell nearly every part of our encampment. He 
has also thrown up strong works near Farmington and Pea Ridge, and erected 
heavy batteries at commanding points along the several routes to the rear. 
Indeed, the Federal works are superior to ours, and their position equally 
strong, if not stronger, while their force is one-fourth, if not one-third, 
stronger. 

It was hoped and expected that Halleck would attack us in our position; 
but this he was too sensible to do; for defeat would have been the certain 
result. Could we expect a different result, if we should attack him behind 
his formidable works and with superior force? It was never intended to allow 

 him to approach so near, and to get into position, without first offering 
him battle. This we did at Farmington, when he declined to pick up the 
gauntlet thrown down to him, and this we sought to do on the 22d, when it 
was found impossible, because the ground had not been properly reconnoitered 
and mapped, to get our right wing, which was to lead the attack, into posi 
tion. Had we encountered the enemy on that day, in accordance with the 
order of battle agreed upon by our officers. I do not see how we could 
have failed to win the greatest and most decisive victory yet achieved 
in the war. That night, however, and the next day, the enemy moved up 
and got into position, where it would be as great madness for us to make the 
attack as it would be for him to attack us. 

Why, then, it may be asked, should we, and not Halleck, retire? Be 
cause Halleck is provided with guns of long range and heavy calibre, with 
which he can throw shot and shell into almost every part of our encampment, 
every two or three minutes, day and night, as long as he pleases; and be 
cause he has better water and more abundant supply than we have. 

The chief advantage the Federals will gain by the change, will be the 
use of the entire line of the Memphis & Charleston Railroad from Stevenson 
to Memphis. They are good workers, and will soon rebuild the bridges over 
the Tennessee and Bear Creek, and those over the Hatchie and other streams 
west of Corinth, which the Confederates will doubtless destroy. As soon as 
these lost bridges can be rebuilt, Memphis and Fort Pillow will be occupied, 
as veil as tnose sections of the Mobile & Ohio and Tennessee & Ohio Railroads, 
which lie north of the Memphis & Charleston road. 

The withdrawal down the Mobile & Ohio road will diminish our transportation 
and bring the army into a more healthy section of country, where all kinds of 
supplies are more abundant and the water much better. The enemy, on the contrary, 
should he follow us up, will have to march sixty-five or seventy miles into the 
interior, where, in case of disaster, he would be cut to pieces and destroyed. 

P.W.A. 

 Southern Watchman, June]? (2, 3), 1862. 

! 

For the Southern Watchman. ' 
Camp McDonald, May 27, 1862. 

Mr. Editor:—Thinking our friends in North Eastern Georgia might be some 
what interested in a short account of the Jackson Farmers, since they left 
home, I shall ask the privilege of occupying a short space in the Watchman. 
We left Athens on the 9 o'clock train, of Wednesday morning, the l^th inst. 
and save the pain of parting with the beloved ones at home, all seemed to 
be in high spirits, and proud of the position which they had assumed, to 
meet the Vandal hordes who now desecrate our soil. 

Arriving at Atlanta, on the 7 o'clock train, we lay over until 10 o'clock 
the following day, when, just as the dark inky curls of a Government store 
house was sending its smoky columns heavenward, we steamed away for this 
place, no incident worthy of note occurring by the way. The name of Camp Mc 
Donald, familiarly known as "Big Shanty," has been generally a terror to 
"our boys," and upon our arrival here, we were agreeably disappointed by finding 
it a fair, open country; the camps being situated upon elevated eminences, where 
the pure air of heaven can reach from all quarters. Water is good and plentiful, 
and with a proper degree of cleanliness, I can see no reason why this should 
not be as healthy as any location in Georgia. 

Upon our arrival we found one Regiment organized and another in process of 
formation; and after fluctuating from one point to another for the space of an 
entire week, we finally succeeded in forming a Regiment, by electing Johnson, 
of ts!hitfield, Col.; Bradley, of Coweta, Lieut. Col; Capt Dorough, of Banks, 
Major, and McClendon, of Coweta, Adj. Drs. Watson, of Franklin, and Long, of 
Jackson, are the Regimental Surgeons; and I am happy to state, that up to this 
time they have had very few cases of sickness, and I believe none of them serious. 
Col. Johnson's Regiment is composed of two companies from Franklin, one from 

 - 2 - 

Jackson^ one from Whitfield, one from Cherokee, one from Coweta, one from 
Bade, one from Heard, one from Chattooga and one from Banks, all of which are 
composed of stout and able-bodied men generally; and when the time comes for 
us to meet the foe, I doubt not that a.*n will give a good account of them 
selves. The Commissary and Quartermaster's department is well supplied; our 
rations are of good quality and sufficiently plentiful. In short, I see but 
little to complain of here, excepting an intolerable mania for office and 
money. Anything purchased is paid for at ten-fold its value, and any risk is 
run for the sake of gaining office. In this chase two 'weeks have gone by— 
thousands have been expended, and yet nothing for the general good has been 
effected, but on the contrary, we hear of a disappointed office-hunter, who 
a few days ago started to Richmond for the purpose of effecting a rupture in 
this Regiment, and so long as mere civilians are allowed to lead our armies, 
just so long will the enemy press hard upon our homes. The sturdy sons of 
Georgia have now buckled on their armor; and, girdled as they are, in the 
panoply of political righteousness, they will, if led by competent officers, 
never return to the peaceful delights of a pleasant home, until the last 
enemy has been driven beyond the borders, howling to his den, or falls, biting 
the dust at their feet. Like the lofty tree, that shakes down its green glories 
to battle with the winter's storm, we for a moment may hear the rustling of its 
leaves; but the spring time of freedom will come, and when the cold blasts of 
winter have passed by, and the hoarse and howling demons of war shall have 
glutted themselves upon the blood of the faithful sons of the South; then, when 
the smiling Goddess of peace has thrown her mantle around the struggling sons 
of the South, her plains shall bloom anew in all things that can chain the eye 
or gratify the mind. Then shall the war-worn veterans of this struggle for 
Southern independence, raise a shout, the reverberations of which shall roll on 
undying to freedom's distant mountains. And when the Jackson Farmers, under 
command of our gallant Captain Bennett, shall be called upon to fly to the rescue, 

 - 3 - 

the loved ones at home shall never say that our banner has trailed in 
the dust, but that it shall either float over a free people, or be 
stained with the life-blood of the last man Mho bears it to the struggle. 

G. J. N. W. 

 Southern Watchman, June $ (3? 3); 1862, 

MUSTER-ROLL OF THE JACKSON FARMERS. 

No. Names 

1 Alva T. Bennett, 

2 Z. W. Hood, 

3 G. E. Deadwyler, 

it M. M. Sanders, 

5 G. J. N. Wilson, 

6 J. M. Haiman, 

7 S. W. Anthony, 

8 Valentine Harlan, 

9 P. B. Rampy, 

10 John F. Evans, 

11 J. G. H. Pittman, 

12 S. A. Harris, 

13 Atkins Hugh, 

lit Aaron, E. ". 

1$ Adair J. 0. 

16 Anthony M. C. 

17 Andersen R. B. 

18 Brock W. T. M. 

19 Brooks S. M 

20 Bolton E. S. 

21 Bray D. S. 

22 Bailey S. T. 

23 Bacon W. H. H. 

2it Canthen W. J. 

2$ Chandler R. N. 

26 Colquitt W. J. 

27 Chandler, R. 

28 Carter 0. G. W. 

29 Dunnahoo J. B. 

30 Dunson J. M. 

31 Esco J. M. 

32 Esco John 

33 Garrison J. W. 

3h Garrison B, S. 

3$ Gunnin J. J. 

36 Glenn J. G. 

37 Gober F. S. 

38 Garrison C. P. 

39 Harris T. W. 

LO Hardy R. M. 

ill Highfice J. J. 

it2 Henry F. P. 

it3 Hardy F M 

itit Holliday D. H. 

it3 Hawks W. T. 

it6 Harris A. J. 

it? Ivey J. S. 

it8 Ingraham E. H. 

Rank 

Captain 
1st Lieut 
2d Lieut 
3d Lieut 
1st Serg. 
2d Serg. 
3d Serg. 
itth Serg 
1st Corp, 
2d Corp 
3d Corp. 
itth Corp. 
Private 

H 
H 
M 
M 
)! 
M 
M 
!! 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
t! 
H 
t) 

Artificer, 
Private, 

M 
M 
H 
M 
M 

M 
H 
M 
H 

t! 
M 

Age 

33 
29 
26 
32 
3$ 
22 

2$ 
29 
2i< 
31 

22 

20 

29 

32 

31 

31 

26 

33 

30 

29 

29 

28 

2it 

22 
3it 

23 

21 

32 

20 

21 

33 
2it 

Remarks. 

Absent. 

Absent—sick 
Rejected 

Rejected 

Absent. 
Absent. 
Absent. 

Absent. 
Absent. 

Rejected. 
Absent. 

Absent 

 No. Names 

It 9 Johnson J. D. 

50 King Perry 

51 King Macintee 

52 Lord Timothy 

53 Lampkin Edward, 

5h Long A. C. 

55 Luchman Carles 

% Lord M. G. 

57 Marlow R. A, 

$8 Marlow F. W. 

59 Moore W. T. 

60 Mangum W. P. 

61 McCarty Jesse 

62 McCarty John 

63 Mann W. L. 

6^ Nunn J. E. 

6^ Nix J. M. 

66 Nunn A. L. 

6? Patrick T. W. 

68 Patrick W. H. 

69 Pinson W. A. 

70 Pittman M. M. 

71 Pharf James 

72 Riden J. 

73 Roberts P. J. 

7h Roberts D. H. 

75 Randolph J. C. 

76 Rogers J. T. 

77 Reed Z. M. 

78 Strickland John 

79 Strickland E. G. 

80 Strickland E. W. 

81 Strickland J. G. 

82 Stephens W. C. 

83 Sailors J. M. 

8h Sailors Isham 

8$ Sailors Andy 

86 Stapler G. J. 

8? Stapler T. L. 

88 Tiller Sanford 

89 Thurmond C. 

90 Thurmond B. 

91 Voyles Ira 

92 Voyles F. 

93 Wood W. R. 

9h Williams J. F. 

95 Wills A. J. 

96 Wilson M. M. C. 

97 Wilson G. C. 

98 Wilson J. E. 

99 Westbrook C. M. 

100 Wilson R. M. 

101 Wilson Posey 

102 Yeargin J. G, 

103 Yeargin W. S. 

lOl; Yeargin J. C. 

105 Yeargin S. R. 

106 Aroner Isaac 

- 2 - 

Rank 

Private 

t! 
!! 
tt 
H 
!! 
W 
M 

Artificer, 
Private, 

H 
H 
H 
t! 
t! 

Artificer, 
Private, 

M 

n 

M 

n 
n 

!! 
t! 
H 

H 
M 
H 
t! 
M 
H 
t! 

n 
H 
t! 
M 

tt 
M 
H 
t! 
!) 
!t 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 
tt 

Age 

33 

23 

30 

32 

18 
20 
27 
19 
21; 
25 
22 
28 
31 

33 
2^ 
31 
33 

18 

21 

32 

20 

25 

26 

29 

33 

26 

20 

33 

20 

20 

29 

19 

22 

27 
22 
22 
3^ 
32 
28 
26 

27 
3^ 
22 
22 

25 

20 

Remarks. 

Rejected. 
Rejected. 

Absent. 

Absent. 
Absent. 
Absent. 

Absent. 
Rejected. 

Absent,sick. 
Absent. 

Absent. 
Absent. 
Absent. 

Rejected, 

 Southernjsfatchman June 11 (h, 1-2), 1862 

Near Richmond, May 27th, 1862. 

Friend Chi-isty:—Thinking you and the numerous relatives and friends 
of the Troup Artillery, would like to hear what disposition the Yanks have 
made of us, I scribble you a few lines. We (the recruits) arrived safe the 
6th day from the time we left your town. We had a very disagreeable time 
upon the road, being very much crowded all the way. 

The crops through South and North Carolina look fine. The wheat and 
oat crop looks well—much better than it looks in Georgia—very little rust— 
none to injure it. Large fields of potatoes and peas are planted in both 
of the above named States, in place of "King Cotton." This is just as it 
should be. We were greeted all along the road by ladies, with the waving of 
their handkerchiefs, wishing us success. Even little girls, (God bless them,) 
not more than 6 or 7 years old, were standing at different points along the 
road, waving too their little handkerchiefs. Next were our old fathers, whose 
heads were blossoming for the tomb—fathers who, no doubt, have sacrificed 
the cotton they had in defence of their country. Can such a people be con 
quered? No; never—neverL 

We found our old company generally well. They welcomed us as brothers. 
They participated in the fight on the Peninsula. Nobly did they stand their 
ground. 

We are now stationed $ miles from Richmond, near the Chickahominy river. 
(This is a very small river.) The distance between the Grand Armies is about 
two miles; both sides are on an elevated position. On last Saturday there was 
a heavy skirmish; the result we do not know. Yesterday morning there were 
three guns fired—no damage done on our side. This morning there have been 
three more fired; one has fired since I commenced penning these few lines, 
the shell bursting over my tent. 

 We are expecting a general attack every hour. Our army are in fine 
spirits. We are all willing to shed the last drop of our Bood, rather than 
see the capital of our Southern Confederacy fall into the hands of the 
scamps. We have sacrificed our homes, our loved ones, our all; and we are 
willing to sacrifice our lives in defence of our country, our liberties, and 
all that is sacred to us as a human race. Since the proclamation of Butler 
you can see vengeance imprinted upon the countenance of every soldier. One 
more such a proclamation, I believe, will induce the entire army to hoist the 
black flag. Friend Christy, it is enough to make the blood in every Southern 
man's veins boil, to read such threats from such a low, degraded scamp. 

The scoundrels are very sanguine of taking Richmond. Well, they may, 
but we entertain no such an idea. It is true, it will be the bloodiest fight 
that has ever been recorded in history; but the victory will be ours; mark 
my prediction. I took a view of their camps a little while ago. Our pickets 
are in a half mile of them, '^e have no breastworks; Gen. Johns ton don't want 
any. He wants to take the open field for it, and then charge. 

Ere this reaches you, in all probability, the great battle may be in 
motion. You will hear a good report of the Troup Artillery. They are just the 
boys to do the work. The company are generally well. Some of the recruits 
are complainig ; nothing serious, I hope. Among those are your humble writer . 
You shall hear from me occasionally, if life is spared. 

Your friend, 

R. H. B. 

 . f 

Southern Watchman, June 11 (h, l), 1862 

OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE. 
For the Southern Watchman, 

Headquarters Camp at Fair Ground, 

Co. C, Col. A. A. Hunt's Regiment, 

Atlanta, Ga., Hay 27th. 

Mr. Editor:—Allow me to state through your paper, for the information 
of the relatives and friends of those under my command, that we arrived 
safely in Lawrencevllle, on Monday night after leaving Jefferson, where we 

were kindly entertained, 22 of us by J. E. Craig, at 80 cents man and horse; 

at 
9 of us by Judge K. T. Terrel,/smi 80 cents man and horse; 5 of us by B. E. 

Strickland, gratis; 2 by Rev. F. Hotchkiss, gratis; 2 by H. Moffett, gratis; 
1 by G. T. Rakestraw, gratis; ^ men and eight horses by E. Steadman, gratis; 
1 by Mrs. H. W. Strickland, gratis; 1 by A. Sutherland, gratis; h by S. W. 
Davis, gratis; it by Mrs. D. W. Spence, gratis; 2 by Dr. Moore, gratis; 1 by 
Dr. Russel, gratis; it b Elisha Martin, gratis; 16 by Maj. R. D. Winn, gratis; 
7 by Dr. Freeman, gratis, and $ by M. L. Adair, gratis. 

Tuesday morning F. M. Holliday's horse had been foundered, and he had 
to be left. We took up our inarch at 8 o'clock for this place, when the boys 
sung most beautifully the old hymn, "How firm a foundation, &c." Our baggage 
wagon was furnished by J. G. McLester, whose assistance to the company has 
been large, and which, with others, I will give you a list of next week. F. M. 
David took charge of the wagon and rendered us great assistance, which I stood 
much in need of, as I am now, and have been ever since before leaving home, 
suffering with diarrhoea. I bought corn of Mrs. Carroll, 18 miles from this 
place, at -1.2$ per bushel, fed, and again took up march and arrived here at 
6 o'clock. Me were met by Quartermaster Blanchard and furnished with forage. 
Last Right we lay in the Fair house, I with a sheep-skin for my pillow. This 
morning one of the boys is sick with measles—I. C. Holliday. I have him in a 
private house, doing very well. 

 We leave Atlantaat ^ o'clock in the morning. The enrolling officer, or 
conscript man, Col. Dunwoody, is here. When he commences, or what his plans 
are, I can't say. I hear he claims much greater authority, by virtue of his 
office, than many expect. The Militia officers, with many others, will fare 
just as I would, if at home. Time, at least, will soon show. 

Camp McDonald, May 31st, 1862. 

We got here day before yesterday, at 2 o'clock. Nothing serious occurred 
on the way, except when leaving Atlanta, private Thomas Neal came in contact 
with a set of beautiful black eyes and rosy cheeks, bearing the Confederate 
flag, which he was not troubled near as much in obtaining as I may, getting 
him to leave its former possessor. Again, in Marietta, he had a similar con 
flict, when he was again immoveable, until a beautiful boquet decorated his 
Hag-staff. The sun and dust was very severe on us, but not so severe as some 
miserable gold-thirsty souls, who charge us double price for everything we get. 
In Lawrenceville tin cups were worth ten cents, in Decatur the same were worth 
twentyL To-day 3&E we have another case of measles—Bob Whitehead—he is 
breaking out and doing very well. Several others are complaining with diarrhoea— 
the most of them improving. To-day, we had our election for Lieut. Col. and 
Major. Capt. Nix and S. J. Winn were the successful candidates. I see no reason 
why this place should not be as healthy as any in the up-countryj it is high 
and rocky, supplied with a large number of springs of as clear, cool water as I 
ever saw. We are all well satisfied with it. To-day a young man, a member of 
Capt. Nix's company, was drowned in a mill-pond near this place. I would still 
like to have a few more clever young men, who are unwilling to go with Capt. 
Conscript. The whole company is agreeable, not a difficulty has occurred, and 
I will venture the assertion that there is no company in any Regiment who &re 
kinder and more obedient to their Captain than mine. The citizens, wherever 
we stopped, gave them the name of being the most orderly and well behaved company 
they ever saw. I have seen no drunkenness and heard but little swearing. If you 

consider this worth publishing, you shall hear from me again. Is there any chance 
to see the Watchman while I am here? Yours, W. L. MAHLER. C Dt- 

 Southern Watchmah, June 25 (2, 3), 1862. 

( 
For the Southern Watchman. 

Camp on Mrs. Christian's Farm, 
near Richmond, June 6th. 

Dear Sir:—Please announce, for the benefit of the families and friends 
interested, the deaths of the following members of the Mell Volunteers, Cobb's 
Georgia Legion. I give the places of their decease, that their friends may 
understand why I have not sent them home for interment, as specially requested. 
All of them died far in our rear; and, from our constantly changing position, 
it has been impossible for me to know the time of their decease: 

Died, at Williamsburg, April llth, 1862, of pneumonia, Calvin Talbot. 

Died, at Williamsburg, April 2$th, 1862, of pneumonia, Riley Nix. 

Died, at Richmond, of consumption. April 26th, 1862, H. C. McCune. 

Died, at Richmond, May l8th, 1862, of typhoid pneumonia, H. H. Freeman. 

Died, at Richmond, May 28th, 1862, of typhoid fever, 8. T. Ivey. 

Died, at Jhichmond, May 29th, 1862, of dysentery, John S. Walker. 

Died, at Lynchburg, Va., May 31st, 1862, of erysipelas, John E. Craft. 

Fied, at Richmond, June 1st, 1862, of typhoid dysentery, ( ) C. Tiller. 

THOS. CAMAK 

 Southern Watchman, June 2$ (3, 3), 1862. 

The following extract from a letter of a Dawson county volunteer to 
his mother, which we have been permitted to copy, shows that our brave boys 
can keep up their s.irits amid all their trials and difficulties: 

Trenton, Ga., June 1st, 1862. 

My Dear Mother:—On this day before yesterday I wrote to you in Ala 
bama—to-day I write to you in my native State. We encamped in ten miles of 
this place last evening, after a long march over the Lookout mountains. We 
are here awaiting the arrival of our wagons from Russelville, Ala., when it 
is likely we will return into Term. My opinion is that if some step is not 
taken soon at Corinth, that the enemy will march upon Chattanooga and take pos 
session of the Railroads in East Tennessee and North Georgia, and will ulti 
mately make for Atlanta. If so, I shall not be surprised if our Regiment goes 
to that point. The sound of war comes closer and closer to our mountain homes. 
The next sixty days will develope things startling indeed. We will either whip 
the enemy shortly, or they will make terrible inroads upon our territory. This 
war is assuming an awful aspect, and terrible results must soon follow. 

My health is good—as good as ever it was in my life. My wardrobe is by 
no means extensive; it consists of a hat with a very large hole in the crown, 
a pair of shoes with some pretty extensive holes in them, a pair of pants made 
of quite a gay piece of bed ticking, no drawers, a ( ) pair of socks and 
a flowered shirt. It won't be long until I will wear the uniform of a Georgia 
Major—a pair of spurs and a shirt collart Would you like to see me come home 
then? I would ask you to send me something, but I cannot tell you where to send 
them forward to, not knowing one day where we will be the next. You must not be 
uneasy concerning me—I am doing finely. 

 Southern Watchman, July 9 (1, 2-5; 2, 1-5); 1862. 
From the Richmond Dispatch of Friday 

OPENING OF THE GREAT BATTLE. 

Heavy Engagement on the Left of our Lines 

Our city was started, late yesterday evening, by reports of heavy ordnance, and 
by one consent it was universally announced that the Great Battle had at last opened, 
and that the greatest and most momentous conflict of the age was fully inaugurated. 
As far as we can ascertain, at a late hour of night, it appears that our forces attacked 
the enemy with unparaleled fury at Mechanicsville, and from the suddenness of the 
attack, the enemy were and driven from three large redoubts in 
rapid succession, seizing the guns and turning them with terrific effect upon the foe. 
This accomplished, our forces advanced and captured two lines of entrenchments and 
field works, taking everything before them in gallant style. Co-operating i?ith the 
movement on the extreme right and rear of the army, our Generals crossed at two points, 
viz: by the Mechanicsville bridge and Meadow bridge, attacking the enemy with great 
dash and ardor, driving in their outposts, and descending the opposite hills, sieged 
the batteries erected thereon, and fully commanding the future movements of our forces 
in crossing the stream. In doing this, the rapidity of movement was such that the 
enemy was unprepared, and lost a monster battery, which has long annoyed our troops 
to the right and left of the York River Railroad. This achievement in itself is of 
incalculable value, and is equivalent to the saving of five thousand lives. Gen. 
Branch, we understand, led the advance down the Meadow Bridge road with a brigade of 
North Carolinians, and on crossing, were instantly reinforced by other troops of Gen. 
Hill's division. 

The numerous field works and batteries opposed to their advance were assailed by 
our men in the coolest and most nonchalant style imaginable, and while driving the 
heavy masses of Federal infantry before them, were ably seconded by our heavy guns, 
which thundering with terrific noise, threw large shells thick and fast upon the 
enemy's chosen positions and camps, thus preventing our first forces from being over 
powered by the swarming hordes of McClellan's hirelings. While these brilliant 

 -2- 

movements were progressing in the neighborhood of Meadow Bridge, our troops beyond 
the Mechanicsville Bridge formed a junction with them, thus forming a ferfect cordon 
with others operating from the village of Mechanicsville itself. Our line being 
perfect, a general advance took place, but the brave Confederates had not advanced 
far, ere they were encountered by the Federals in great force, and a terrific fight 
ensued; but onward pressed our infantry and artillery, until 9, P.M., when the heavy 
cannonading ceased, it was generally known that the enemy had been driven fully 
three miles, having experienced great loss in every shape, but particularly in 
artillery, Purcell's battery, we are informed, immortalized itself, and was the 
first corps that crossed Mechanicsville bridge, and opened fire on the enemy. At 
Mechanicsville, the heaviest fighting is said to have taken place on Matt's farm, 
but resulted magnificently to us. All the heights beyond the Chickahominy are in our 
possession, thus ensuring the speedy transportation of troops and munitions to the 
other side. 

From the late hour at which we write, it is impossible to obtain particulars of 
the sanguinary engagement of yesterday, but the facts stated are substantially correct, 
while much more was effected by the forces engaged than the most sanguine could have 
expected or predicted. The enemy were totally routed whenever they made a stand— 
batteries, entrenchments, fieldworks, camps and arms were captured with great rapidity, 
and our loss is much less than could have been imagined. In all likelihood, the 
engagement to-day will prove a general one at all points, and let us reverently hope 
that the God of Battles will smile propitiously upon our efforts, and crown our forces 
with a complete and glorious triumph over maliguant and relentless enemies. 

The more we learn of the fight near the old battle ground of Seven Pines on Tues 
day, the greater are we satisfied that it was one of the most brilliant affairs of the 
war, redounding greatly to our honor, and worthy of fitting memory and commendation. 

 -3- 

From the best information, we learn that the 1st Louisiana and 3d Georgia had 
brought upon themselves the especial hatred of the Yankees, while on picket service 
near Barker's farm; for on one occasion last week these two regiments suddenly 
appeared before the affrighted enemy, (Sickles's Excelsior brigade,) and, without 
much ceremony, drove them from their picket posts, and chased them through adjacent 
camps, inflicting much loss. From deserters and others, it was ascertained that 
the officers of Sickles' brigade had offered $100 to any one bringing in any man of 
the two named regiments, whether dead or alive, and vowed eternal vengeance against 
them, determining to lay some share to entrap them. At 8 a.m. Tuesday the pickets 
along the Williamsburg road, near the old battle ground, gave warning of the enemy's 
approach in force, and retired, as usual, to their supports. 

Believing an attack was imminent, Gen. Wright ordered up the i).8th North Carolina 
(Col. Rutledge's regiment,) which moved up the road and took position to the left of, 
in an open field, with dense woods on their left flank. The right of the road was 
occupied by the 1st Louisiana, and to their right were the 22d and ijth Georgia. The 
North Carolinians were in an exposed position, but maintained their ground without 
flinching, losing not less than 100 killed and wounded. The position of the 1st 
Louisiana was equally disadvantageous. Before them was a thick chapparel, in which 
the enemy were strongly posted. Behind this, also, several brigades were drawn up, 
their flanks extending beyond, so that they kept up a continual fire upon the Louisianians, 
inflicting sad loss. Being ordered to charge, the 1st advanced nobly, with the cry 
"Butleri and New Orleansi" and at the first dash drove the enemy forth with great 
havoc. But emerging into the open field behind, they were astonished to discover not 
less than three brigades opposing them, viz: Thomas Francis Meagher's Irish brigade, 
Sickles's Excelsior brigade and another one the name of which we could not ascertain. 
Bravely holding their ground, the Louisianians maintained the unequal contest with 
great dash and boldness, the enemy quailing and retiring before their steady and deadly 
fire. 

 To their right, however, things were progressing favorably, where the itth and 
22d Georgia were hotly engaged with the enemy, who, after some two hours' hard 
fighting, slowly and reluctantly retired. Comparisons are odious, but it is admitted 
that the conduct of the ^8 N.C., 1st La. and Itth Ga., was beyond all praise. The 
first of these regiments was perfectly fresh from home, and had never been under 
fire before; yet there they stood, in open field, waiting for the cowards to advance, 
and although Col. Rutledge reports a loss of 100 killed and wounded, his brave Jellows 
never gave an inch of ground, but kept up a murderous fire upon the foe, who suffered 
so much that, although five to one, they did not dare to leave the woods. The 
Louisianians went into action with 300 and lost li^ killed and wounded. These figures 
are more than enough to demonstrate their conduct in the fight—for every second 
second man felli The Itth Georgia, it is said, acted like very devils, and fought 
and charged three regiments three several times i-—and, more than this, routed them, 
losing not less than $0 in killed and wounded. The 22d Georgia lost some ninety odd 
in killed and wounded, and behaved splendidly. 

Among the Yankee brigades engaged were Meagher's Irish Brigade, Sickles' "Excelsior 
Brigade" and another, unknown, some of their other regiments being the 15th and 19th 
Massachusetts, 2d New York, 20th Indiana, 9th New Jersey, &c. Sickles' Brigade had 
five regiments, Meagher's the same number. Our force engaged consisted of but four 
regiments. Being signally repulsed, the enemy withdrew under cover of their guns, but 
Capt. Huger's Battery, galloping forward engaged them in gallant style, driving them 
ignominiously from the field with heavy loss. The enemy sent in a flag of truce yes 
terday to bury their dead, and admit a loss of 1,200killed and wounded. Our casualties 
in killed, and wounded and missing will not be more than one third that loss. Among 
the casualties in the 1st Louisiana we may add the names of Lieut. Col. Shivers, wounded 
in the arm and rapidly recovering; Major Nelligan, Adjutant Cummings, and Sergeant 
Major Entzminger. 

 Towards evening of the same day, the 2]?th North Carolina were sent out on picket, 
on the conquered ground, when the enemy endeavored to flank and cut them off. 
Several Federal regiments advanced stealthily for this purpose, but the North Carolinians 
met them with heavy vollie§, held them incheck, when the gallant fellows of the i^th 
Georgia opportunely arrived upon the ground, and attacking the enemy in flank, routed 
them with great slaughter, following them up for more than a mile in the woods, 
mercilessly butchering the Yankees at every turn. The ground conquered by us on both 
occasions during the day was occupied by our troops, a.nd together with many trophies, 
they brought in sixty or seventy prisoners. The prisoners confess that a deep scheme 
had been planned by Meagher and Sickles for the destruction of the Louisianians and 
Heorgians, but think the loss inflicted upon their forces was so severe, and the 
gallantry of our men so irresistible, that the Federals were only too happy in 
effecting their escape. The prisoners, themselves, were particularly jovial, and 
seemed to regard their capture as a great blessing. 

From the Examiner of Friday 

The general engagement between the two great armies facing each other on the 
Chickahominy did not take place yesterday to the extent which was generally expected. 

Between eight and nine o'clock on Wednesday morning Gen. Reader's brigade, con 
taining a North Carolina regiment and Capt. Snowden Andrews' battery of Maryland 
Artillery, the enemy being posted in entrenchments on a bluff beyond the swamp. After 
it had continued awhile, the noted "Long Tom" was opened on the enemy with dire effect, 
tearing great holes through the breatworks, as could be seen with the eye, dismounting 
the guns and driving the Yankees in confusion to their next work. Not a single casualty 
occurred on the Confederate side, though the shells fell rapidly, and the personal 
injury, inflicted on the Yankee side is unknown. 

About two o'clock yesterday morning a portion of Gen. Rhodes' brigade engaged with 
the enemy on the same wing of the army. The enemy, at the time, was changing his position, 

 -6- 

eviderttly with the design of retreating. The firing of musketry and shell was quite 
heavy for nearly an hour, with what results we have not learned. 

About sunrise yesterday morning it was resumed again, but as there were no fresh 
arrivals of wounded at the hospitals yesterday, the sacrifice of life and limb must 
have been inconsiderable. The early portion of the day passed with occasional firing. 

It was stated yesterday by parties who have a right to be well informed, that 
heavy reinforcements from Burnside's army are on their way to KcClellan. They say 
5,000 men were landed in one day, and 6,000 another, with 600 cavalry. The remainder 
of Burnside's forces were to operate against Weldon, North Carolina, and attempt the 
cutting of the railroad communication with Richmond. 

In the skirmish, Wednesday, of fright's brigade with the enemy, the Richmond 
Greys were engaged,and had a few wounded, among them Sergeant William Woodson, in 
the knee, and David Wilson in the foot. 

A Battle in Progress Yesterday. 

The result of the movement across the Chickahominy, yesterday afternron, of 
several divisions of the Confederate army, was first made known in Richmond by heavy 
discharges of cannon off to the right of the Mechanicsville turnpike, which gradually 
moved up fowards Mechanicsville, the sound of the artillery growing in intensity and 
rapidity of discharges. About it o'clock the sound hung stationary over the village 
until after 8 o'clock in the evening, when it apparently bore off to the left as though 
one column was pushing the other. 

During the evening hundreds of the citizens of Richmond, whose kindred were mingling 
in the fray, flocked to the high hills east of the city, and listened to the dull "thuds" 
of the guns filling every second of time, some loud and full, from the siege pieces, 
and others light and quick, from the field pieces. The smoke of the battle could be seen 
rising behind the woods, behind which the conflict was going on—not more than four miles 
distant at least. Occasionally the shells could be seen ascending and bursting over the 

 -7- 

wood, above which hing a balloon; but about 5 o'clock the smoke and haze increased so 

that everything of the field of conflict was shut out from view, and the sound of the 

heard 
conflict alone was/iiEXEt. What was remarkable, the smoke from the field, borne on 

the wind, floated down the valley, and last evening the eastern portion of the city 
was sensibly impregnated with the smell of gunpowder. 

At nine o'clock the firing in the direction of Mechanicsville had dwindled to the 
occasional explosion of a shell gun. During the whole progress of the firing the 
citizens of Richmond exhibited that heroic composure that marked their conduct through 
the two day's battle of the Seven Pines. 

The ambulances were sent out in considerable numbers and their return will furnish 
us with some particulars of the battle, with the divisions and regiments engaged, &c. 

Particulars of the Battle at Mechanicsville. 

Of the fight of yesterday we have obtained ac few details. Gen. Jackson contrary 
to his usage, was not up to the time appointed for his engagement in it. Major Gen. A. 
P. Hill, of Virginia, at 3 o'clock precisely, crossed the Chickahominy, The Yankees 
seemed perfectly aware of his coming. 

General Hill, with 12,000 men (General Branch did not arrive till nightfall,) en 
gaged the whole of McClellan's forces, until night put an end to the undecided onctest. 
While Gen. Hill did not succeed in that limited time, in routing the enemy, his forces 
stubbornly maintained the possession of Mechanicsville and the ground taken by them on 
the other side of the Chickahominy. 

During the whole time of the contest large reinforcements were passing the Chicka 
hominy under Gen. Lee; but none of these forces engaged in the battle or were under fire; 
qnd Gen. Lee did not reach Mechanicsville until nine o'clock at night, when the fight 
was over. 

Gen. Hill is the hero of the battle of Williamsburg. He was then a Brigadier, and 
won on that field his title of Major General. In the battle of yesterday he displayed, 
in the highest degree, all the talents of a commander, with the exception of the proper 
caution of his ownlife, which he exposed from the first shot to the last, with the 

 -8- 

recklessness of a trooper. 

The cannonade was the most fearfully rapid and close yet witnessed. General 
Andersen was ordered to take one of the chief Federal batteries. It is said that 
one regiment from North Carolina gave way in the charge. 

To-day a decisive battle will be fought 

 -9- 

Particulars of Wednesday's Fight 

We have some additional and reliable particulars of Wednesday's fight on the 
Williamsburg road. 

The regiments engaged were the first Louisiana, the Fourth Georgia, the Third 
Georgia, the force being under command of General A. R. Wright. This force was 
supported in the engagement by a portion of General Ransom's brigade, consisting 
of the Forty-Eighth North Carolina and the Twenty-Fifth North Carolina, commanded 
by Col Rutledge. 

We attacked the enemy's centre, driving his pickets in. The first Louisiana 
regiment made a brilliant charge, encountering three regiments of the enemy on the 
right of the road. This gallant regiment and the Twenty-second Georgia fought the 
enemy's centre for several hours, and when forced to retire fell back in good order. 
On the left Col. Rutledge led the advance with his regiment, supported by the Third 
Georgia. On the extreme right as well as on the centre, the fighting was extremely 
fierce, this portion of the field being gallantly contested by the Fourth Georgia, 
which three times t repulsed the enemy, and was supported by Col. Hill's Forty- 
Ninth North Carolina. During the engagement the enemy brought up two pieces of 
artillery, from which our men suffered badly. 

The enemy engaged were Keamey's division, and for some portion of the time the 
brigades of Roberts and Sickles. The prisoners taken by us are quite sure that Sickles 
was killed. Our marksmen had picked off an officer on a white horse, who was quite 
conspicuous, and our Yankee prisoners state that the only officer who was mounted 
on a white horse was the redoubtable Sickles. It is reported that the number of 
prisoners taken by us is seventy-odd. 

Our loss is much larger than at first reported. We have the following partial 
list of casualties: 

First Louisiana, killed and wounded, one hundred and forty-four; Twenty-second 

 -10- 

and Georgia, eighty-nine; Forty-eighth N. Carolina, one hundred; Third Georgia, 

six; Twenty-fifth North Carolina, loss small. The brunt of the fight is said to have 

been botne by the First Louisiana and Fourth Georgia. The first named regiment, 

to whose gallantry there is universal testimony, had never been under the fire of an 

enemy till three days before the fight. We have no account of the casualties in 

the Four Georgia. 

The loss of the enemy, in killed and wounded,is conjectured to be at least one 
thousand. A little past noon yesterday a flag of truce was sent from the enemy's 
lines, with a request for permission to bury their dead, an answer to which, under 
the circumstances,was delayed. 

From the Examiner, of Saturday, 

The splendid contest of Thursday afternoon, which resulted in the wresting, by 
Gen. A. P. Hill's division, of Mechanicsville, though without decisive results, except 
the possessing of the place served to attract the attention of McClellan from a move 
ment in his rear which overwhelmed him. There Hill's division of 12,000 men stood 
successfully, opposed to at least four times their number, behind earthworks, which they, 
one after another, evacuated, carrying off their guns, which mounted on wheel carriages, 
were not captured, as some of our cotemporaries announced yesterday, though their positions 
were gained and held. Many valuable lives were lost at Mechanicsville, but they received 
immortality there. 

At 3 o'clock yesterday the grand coup de main of General T. J. Jackson was ac 
complished. With his army, which failed to get into position the previous evening, he, 
fresh from the fields of exploits in the Valley, came down the Chickahominy on the 
right flank of McClellan's army, to Coal Harbour, in the enemy's rear, and put his 
front upon it at Old Church. The enemy had fallen back still further during the night, 
and Hill's and Longstreet's divisions pressed him in front and left flank early 
yesterday morning. Thus, by a strategy unparalelled for its brilliancy, was HcClellan 

 -11- 

circumvented. Up to this writing we have no accounts of the battle that has been 
progressing that would justify particulars, but McClellan and his main army was re 
ported retreating down the Chickahominy, bearing off from "Old Stonewall*S" guns in 
the direction of West Point, where the gunboats were lying ready to cover him. 

It was six o'clock when the enemy gave way, after leaving their last breastwork 
battery of lit guns, which was their best, mounting heavy siege guns, McClellan re 
tired, burning up his stores, at the depots of his lines. From the top of the 
Capitol, in the square, shafts of white smoke could be seen rising in the direction of 
Old Church and the White House. At first, this was thought to originate from the 
firing of cannon, that could not be heard from the distance, the wind also being 
contrary; but later in the day it was ascertained to have been caused by the des 
truction, by the enemy, of his immense stores off to the right of the Hechanicsville 
pike on the farm of Doctor Gaines. 

The mutterings of the fight could be occasionally heard through the report of 
heavy guns, but it died entirely away as the scene of the conflict was removed by the 
retreat of the enemy, and the advance of the Confederate forces. 

The retreat of McClellan's army, and the pursuit of the Confederate army has moved 
our base of information concerning the fight, which, we learn was kept up at intervals 
with great severity; but through the kindness of an officer from our lines, we have 
been supplied with a very intelligent pencil, diagram, furnishing the positions of the 
retreating and pursuing forces. 

Jackson's army asrepresented is moving down considerbly this side of the Pamunkey 
for a trussle bridge spanning it at the railroad, with the intention of outstripping 
McClellan, whose forces were making for the same bridge to secure it as a crossing before 
it was seized or burned by Jackson. Gen. Longstreet's, A.P. Hill's and D. H. Hill's 
divisions were pressing hard upon McClellan's rear, while Magruder and Huger, on the 
Chickahominy, held our right wing in the direction of New Bridge, with a portion of the 
enemy in front of them. This was the supposed situation of the armies up to yesterday 

 -12- 

afternoon. As regards the battle or series of battles that closed the eventful day, 

we have little that is reliable. So, too of our loss and that of the enemy, but it 

has been heavy—that on the enemy's side very great; but we will not venture on figures. 

It appears to be conceded, that the enemy successfully withdrew their forces from 
the position held by them on Thursday night, after the capture of Kechanicsville, leaving 
behind, as a blind, some skirmishers and a battery, which, when charged upon by the 
advance yesterday morning at daylight, and was found to be empty of men and guns. A 
pursuit of three hours brought our forces upon a formidable battery of thirteen guns 
at Gains' Mill, near the New Kent road. Here occurred our heaviest loss. The breast 
works were situated on a bluff, across a mill-dam, canal and swamp, with rifle pits 
in front. Our troops charged through and over all with a valor and determination that 
swept everything, clearing rifle pits and battery at the point of the bayonet. The 
troops that did this splendid act of gallantry were from North Carolina—the Brigade 
of Gen. Fender. This was accomplished through terrific volleys of musketry, shell, 
round shot, grape and canister, that piled the groud with the valorous dead and wounded. 

In the retreat, bodies of cavalry were thrown forward on the Prospect road and 
the Tuckertown road to intercept them, but it failed to succeed. We hear it said that 
McClellan's retreat was conducted in good order, and that the enemy carried forward all 
their dead and wounded. It was said few prisoners were taken; however that may be, 
but few have arrived in Richmond. As far as our limited knowledge extends at this moment, 
there is a very fortunate lack of general and commissioned officers killed. 

We hear the light batteries suffered severely. Purcell's battery of Richmond, 
Col. Lindsay Walker, went into the action of Thursday evening with above ninety men, 
and brought out only thirty or forty. Seventeen of their horses were killed. The 
Maryland battery, Capt. Snowden Adnrews, in the same battle lost five men killed and 
wounded, and several horses. Dr. Hunter, of Maryland, surgeon, was killed. The 
Chesapeake Artillery was ordered to join Gen. Longstreet's division, on the right, and 
was not engaged. 

 -13- 

We hear from the Appomattox river, near Petersburg, below Fort Watthall, that 
fighting between some of the enemy's gunboats and our forces had commenced. The enemy 
had destroyed all the shipping at City Point. Several lives were lost. 

LATER—THE ACTION BECOMES GENERAL—THE SITUATION OF THE TWO ARMIES AT NIGHT. 

We leam from Major John M. Daniel, of the General's staff, serving with General 
Hill in these battles, and who about it o'clock last evening, was obliged to leave the 
field in consequence of having had his right arm shattered by a Minnie ball, that at 
the time he left the field, Hill's division, which had been engaged the whole day, and 
victorious throughout was engaged in a terrific battle with the enemy near New Coal 
Harbor, and were overmatched by large masses of the enemy. Just as the Major was 
wounded several large bodies of troops were appearing on the field, which were supposed 
to be reinforcements under Jackson. 

Later accounts brought from the field of battle are deeply interesting. The rein 
forcements that reached the field, and which were supposed to be under General Jackson 
were troops of General Longstreet's division. General Jackson was engaged on General 
Hill's left during the day, but was also in time to join the general engagement which 
ensued about five o'clock in the evening. 

At this hour the action became general for the first time on the Richmond lines. 
No such collision of numbers has yet occurred in the history of the war. It is estimated 
that seventy-five thousand Confederate troops were engaged with an equal, if not 
superior force of the enemy. The scenery of the battle-field is described as awfully 
sublime, and its carnage as exceeding in ghastliness the worst imaginations of the 
horrs of war. 

Night has caused an intermission of the terrible conflict. From the best and most 
reliable information we can obtain, the field was undecided, when the action was 
intermitted to be resumed this morning. 

The field of the imposing battle, on which the grandest fortunes ever contested 
awaits decision, is about twelve miles from the city of Richmond. 

 The enemy's retreat was certainly not a route, as it has been described 
on the street corners. He left his ground at leisure carrying off all his 
dead and wounded, leaving no marks of disorder on the route of his retreat but 
such as are incidental, of course, to the movements of large masses. 

There is occasion to apprehend that McClellan in falling back on his present 
line of defence, has improved his position. The advantages of his present po 
sition are mainly artificial, but they are considered important and seririous, 
although he gave up yesterday several positions of great matual advantage, 
especially that at Mechanicsville, upon which he had expended every resource 
to make it impregnable. 

It is impossible to estimate the loss in yesterday's engagement. The 
only statements we can get of the casualties of the terrific battle of the evening 
are vague and ghastly messages that KjjfX "the ground is covered with dead." 
The spirits of our troops are undimishished. There was no stragling but from 
excessive fatigue. The issue, which is yet undecided, is solemnly entrusted to 
our troops and the providence of the Almighty. 

 From the Richmond Examiner, June 30. 
THE BATTLES ON THE RICHMOND LINES. 
The Battle of Friday Evening. 

It appears, from such information as we have, that about eight o'clock on Friday 
night the action ceased, the enemy having been pushed over the hill by a succession 
of brilliant and desperate charges, in which his foremost batteries were taken. In 
this engagement Gen. Pickett's brigade, which was detached as an advance to support 
Gen. Hill's assault, suffered severely. The loss in killed and wounded in the 
Twenty-eighth Virginia, which were part of this brigade, is said to have been nearly 
half of its members. Col. Withers, of the 18th Virginia, was mortally wounded. 

It is impossible to state with precision the number of prisoners taken by us. , 
During Saturday morning numbers of Yankee prisoners were constantly arriving in the 
city. About noon 1,083 arrived at the Libby Prison. Scores of officers were included 
among them. The entire Fourth New Jersey regiment was captured and sent in, with 
others, unumbering in all about two thousand men. It is stated that portions of whole 
brigades were captured, and that the number of prisoners taken in the series of battles 
is four or five thousand. 

Three Yankee generals—Major General Reynolds and Brigadiers Simpson and Rankin— 
were brought in, and, after being taken before Gen. Winder, Gen. Reynolds was allowed 
to take up his quarters at the Spotswood, where he was soon surrounded, of cour, by 
a crowd of dirt-eaters. 

We understand that the favor of a parole was shown to Gen. Reynolds on account 
of his kindness in releasing a number of our own prisoners and caring for ^heir wants 
when he was campaigning in Western Virginia. 

We can obtain no explanation, however, of the enlarging on parole of the two Yankee 
brigadiers, at the time that Southern officers of equal grade are confined in military 
dungeons and made a show to the populace. 

 It is impossible to compute our loss in killed and wounded in Friday's engage 
ments. It is variously estimated at from three to eight thousand. In the assault 
of the works on the enemy's right wing nearly the entire mass of our forces on the 
field were engaged; and the casualties must have been frightful, as the assaults on some 
of the enemy's batteries were several times repulsed before they were finally 
carried. 

There is no doubt that Friday's victory on the north side of the Chickahominy 
has been achieved by a great sacrifice of life on our side. The visible fruits of 
our victory are said to be large. Several thousand prisoners have been taken, between 
thirty and forty pieces of artillery, and about ten thousand small arms. The enemy, 
in retreating, burnt up the equipments ofthree camps. The pieces taken are principally 
Napoleon, Parrot and Blakely (English) guns. The have captured large quantities of 
army wagons, tents, equipments and shoes. 

The forcing back of the enemy's forces from the north side of the Chickahominy, is 
a serious blow to his resources, as it puts us in possession again of the Fredericksburg 
and Central Railroads, and cuts him off from his chosen routes of escape. 

During the whole of Saturday trains of ambulances were bringing their suffering 
and ghastly freight into the city. The Central depot, wehre all the wounded from the 
battle field arrived during the day presented a curious as well as effecting scene. 
Numbers of hacks and vehicles, voluntary and impressed, crowded the space, and as several 
trains arrived frighted with wounded, they were as soon as possible claimed by regiment 
agents and friends and conveyed to hospitals and private residences. The wounds of 
the majority of them were slight—in the limbs—but others were terribly mangled, apparently 
by the explosion of shell. One man st^iLXBiEkTp^3^xsEHEEkhKKxi!X^: whom we saw in the cars 
had both eyes shot out, and another had his jaw carried away by a round shot. Several 
died in the cars as soon as they arrived at the depot. One of the wounded as he was 
being carried from the cars on a stretcher, implored these around to send for his mother. 

 That was all he could say. No name, no regijment, nothing—it Mas "mother." He 
was shot through the lungs with a Minie ball. The young man before mentioned, who 
had his eyes shot out, lay on a strecher in the cars, waiting his turn to be removed. 
A spectator approached him and said, "How do you feel?" "Oh, I don't feel at all, 
my eyes are out, my eyes are out, I will never see again." He was assured that 
perhaps they m ght be saved. With a tone seemingly aminated by the question, he 
answered, "I lose my eyes, I lost them in the service of the Confederacy, I can hear 
of, if I do not see, its prosperity." 

Engagements of Saturday 

There appears to have been no regular battle on Saturday, but a series of 
charges and assaults of batteries, with various for tune. The enemy still kept in 
front their retreating line down the Chickahominy, our forces pursuing and attacking 
as opportunity occurred. It would hs impossible to enumerate all the desultory 
contests of the day. 

Gens. Magruder's and Huger's divisions were engaged during the day, with a portion 
of the enemy's force left in position on our right wing on the Nine Mile road, with 
the expectation of getting into Richmond, when the main body of our army was drawn 
off. 

Early in the morning an attempt was made by a portion of Gen Tombs' brigade, 
consiting, it is said, of only two regiments, to capture a battery on the Nine Mile road. 
The battery was taken by our men, after a bloody contest, but owing to the want of 
support, and a galling fire from a strong battery of howitzers in the rear, they were 
repulsed with the loss of some two or three hundred in killed and wounded, and the 
battery left in the hands of the enemy. 

It appears that the regiments engaged in this desperate contest were the 7th and 
8th Georgia. Col. Lamar, commanding the latter regiment, is reported to be killed. 
After getting within the outer line of the battery, our men found themselves exposed to 
an enfilading fire from three other batteries, which were masked, and retreated, leaving 
most of their killed and wounded in the hands of the enemy. 

 Incidents of the Battle 

From one of the participants on the field of battle we learn the annexed parti 
culars of the battle of Friday. Col. Campbell, of the Seventh North Carolina, was 
killed, and Major Blunt wounded. Five companies out of eight were placed hors de combat. 
Two hundred are missing out of the regiment. The brother of Lieut Col. Hayward, of the 
regiment, was killed. The Yankees left numbers of dead and wounded on the field; dead 
unburied, and wounded in the way of their retreat. From Mechanicsville to Caines' farm 
it was one scene of havoc and devastation. Our forces, after beating them back from 
Ellyson's mills, came upon another strong position at Caines' mills. From here, for 
a mile and a half beyond, the fighting was terrific. 

The enemy burned their pontoon wagons, but not so effectually but all the vehicles 
and running gear will be saved. We are assured that we captured one battery of field 
artillery at Caines' farm. They are splendid guns, and are well mounted. 

Many of the prisoners taken were drunk. At Caines' house, Saturday evening, two 
hundred and fifty wounded Yankees were lying, with five of their own surgeons attending 
them, under the superintendence of a brigade surgeon. The surgeon said that our fire 
was terrific and deadly. 

The field presented the most remarkable and singular appearance, being thickly 
dotted with red breeched Fire Zouzves. The water was plenty and good, and our trains 
following the army were put in fine condition for transporting provisions to our men. 

The destruction of horses was terrible. One shot is said to have killed no 
less than sixteen in a single battery. Capt. Dabney's artillery worked the "Long 
Tom" and "Long Charles," and Capt. Dabney was hurt in the knee by a shell. 

Assistant Adjutant George W. Alexander, Assistant Provost Marshal, who was an old 
shipmate, took the place of Capt. Dabney, and worked the guns with telling success,§ 
especially the "Long Tom." From the accounts this gun did fearful havoc. 

THE EVENTS OF SUNDAY—M'CLELLAN ELUDES US AND RETREATS TOWARDS JAMES RIVER. 

Yesterday it was announced in the streets that, during Saturday night McClellan had 
eluded us and had crossed the Chickahominy with the main body of his forces, making 

 a rapid movement in the direction of Dutch Gap, on the James river. 

At a later hour of the day the news was confirmed, and it was known that our 
forces,zmskin were in pursuit of the retreating columns of the enemy. It is reported 
that General Hager*s division, which was on the flank of the enemy, was charged to 
watch him, but that, when morning came, the enemy was nowhere visible. 

It is supposed that McClellan's movement is to reach his gunboats and effect his 
escape by the James river. Sixty transports are reported to be lying in the stream 
about fifteen miles below this city; but McClellan must have been a wiser and more 
provident commander than we are willing to believe, if he has prepared transportation 
in advance for this avenue of escape. 

At a late hour last evening our advancing columns had not come up with the enemy's 
rear, but it was probable that advance parties of our cavalry had come up with the 
enemy's rear, and were harrassing him. The enemy could not have been more than twelve 
hours in advance, and we are assured that the roads taken by our pursuing columns and 
the dispotion of our forces between him and the river will cut off his retreat, and 
enable us to complete our victory by demoralizing his whole command or capturing a 
large portion of it. In any event, however, it is mortifying that the enemy has eluded 
us, when we had him in a critical situation, all, the advantages of which it will be 
impossible to renew. 

It is impossible to ascertain the precise manner in which McClellan has managed 
to elude our guard. 

Six miles from Richmond, on the York river road, the enemy were in force on Saturday 
night. During the night our pickets heard them busily engaged at hammering, sawing, 
&c. The rumble of cannon carriages was also audible. Yesterday about noon our troops 
advanded in the direction of the works, which were found deserted. Their entrenchments 
were found to be formidable and elaborate. That immediately across the railroad, at 
the six miles post, which had been supposed to be a light earthwork, designed to sweep 
the railroad, turned out to be an immen'se embrasured fortification, extending for 

 hundreds of yards on either side of the track, and capable of protecting ten thousand 
men. Within this work were found great quantities of fixed ammunition, which had 
apparently been prepared for removal and then deserted. All the cannon, as at other 
entrenchments^ had been carried off. McClellan doubtless imagines that if he can keep 
his guns from falling into our hands it may furnish him with grounds for a future 
boast. He will claim to have "retreated in good order, carrying off all his guns." 
These guns he will probably find it convenient to cast into the James river or the 
Chickahominy. 

After passing this battery, our forces cautiously pushed their way down the 
railroad and to the Seven Pines. At three o'clock a dense column of smoke was seen 
to issue from the woods two miles in advance of the battery and a half a mile to the 
right of the railroad. The smoke was found to proceed from a perfect mountain of the 
enemy's commissary stores, which they had fired and deserted. The pile was at least 
thirty feet high, with a base sixty feet in breadth consisting of sugar coffee and 
bacon, butter, prepared meats, vegetables, &c. The fire had so far enveloped the 
heap as to destroy the value of its contents. The field and woods around this spot 
was covered with every description of clothing and camp equipage. Blue greatcoats 
lined the earth like leaves in Valambrosa. No indication was wanting that the enemy 
had left this encampment in haste and disorder. 

There was some fighting yesterday, but only, we believe, with scattered detachments 
of the enemy. One of the principal engagements of yesterday was participated in by 
the cavalry of Colonel Baker. (Colonel Ransom's) at a point about six miles from the 
city, between the Bottom's Bridge and Nine Mile road. The gunboats on the James had 
all moved up in the direction of Dutch Gap, and it is the general presumption that the 
base of McClellan's retreat is to be located there. 

Our Loss in Killed and Wounded. 

We have been at greap pains to ascertain the number of our wounded in the engage 
ments, commenced last Thursday evening, and continued almost uninterruptedly since, and 

 -21- 

are glad to announce that it has fallen far short of our fears and expectation. At 
$ o'clock yesterday evening all of our mounded had been removed from the field either 
to the roadside hospitals or to the city. Two thousand have been received at the 
city hospitals, and, gentlemen who have been on the different battle fields engaged in 
the removal of the wounded since the beginning of the first fight informs us there/at 
most, not more than from four to five hundred in the roadside or field hospitals. 

Of the number of our killed, we have no means of making an estimate, but it will 
be seen that our wounded fall short of those of the Seven Pines by several hundred. 

Our last accounts of "the situation" are that McClellan's forces were all across 
this side of the Chickahominy, with our forces pressing them on the rear and flank. 
Gen. Jackson was on the east side of the Chickahominy, with his army. He yesterday seized 
the York River Railroad, and tore up the track for some miles. If McClellan is tetreating, 
we are assured that he will meet with serious obstacles in his way. 

We regret to learn that Maj. Austin E. Smith,of Major General Whiting's staff, a son 
of Ex-Governor Mm. Smith, of this State, but lately of California, received a mortal wound, 
in an attack on a battery during the severe fighting of Gen Jackson's army on Friday 
evening. 

Capt. Geo. C. Lewis, who was reported dead, vsas wounded in the thigh. 

We regret to announce that General Arnold Elzy, of Maryland, commander of the Maryland 
brigade, was dangerously shot through the face, the ball coming out at the back of his 
head. He is at the Exchange Hotel. His wound is serious. Elzy achieved a reputation at 
Manassas and his friends will most earnestly look for his recovery. 

General Ewell had his horse shot from under him but was not wounded. 

Col. John Marshall, editor of the Texas Gazette, and commander of the Fourth 
Texas Regiment, was killed at Cold Haroour. 

Lieutenant Colonel Bradfute Warrick, of the Fourth Texas, was shot through the 
lungs, He is yet living. 

 -22- 

More of the Yankee Prisoners—scenes and Incidents in the City. 

During Saturday between twenty-five hundred and three thousand Yankees, taken 
on Friday evening at Gains' mill, in Hanover, thirteen miles east of Richmond, were 
brought in and lodged in prison. The Pennsylvania llth (Reserves) and the Fourth 
New Jersey were taken entire, every commissioned officer, colonels, majors, captains, 
lieutenants, surgeons and assistant surgeons falling into our hands. Beyond these 
two regiments the prisoners were mostly United States regulars, with slight sprinkling 
of blue Connecticut Yankees. 

 -23- 

From Richmond Examiner, 1st 
THE RICHMOND LINES. 
Review of the Situation. 

To keep the track of the battles which have swept around Richmond we must have 
reference to the principal points of locality which have become familiar in these 
accounts. It will be recollected that on Thursday evening when the attack was 
commenced upon the enemy near Meadow Bridge. This locality is about six miles distant 
from the city, on the line aLnost due north. This position was the enemy's extreme 
right. His lines extended from here across the Chickahominy, near the Powhite creek, 
two or three miles avove the corssing of the York River axa± railroad. The distance 
along the Chicahominy on the north side is about ten miles. The different stages 
between the points indicated, along which the enemy were driven, are Mechanicsville 
about a mile north of the Chickahominy; further on Beaver Dam creek, emptying into 
the Chickahominy; then the New Bridge road, on which Cold Harbor is located; and then 
Powhite creek, where it will be recollected, the enemy was pursued after have been 
driven from his strong position behind Beaver Dam creek. 

The York River railroad runs in an easterly direction intersecting the Chickahominy 
about ten miles from the city South of the railroad is the Williamsburg road, connecting 
with the Nine Mile road at Seven Pines. The former road connects with the New Bridge 
road, which turns off and crossed the Chickahominy. From Seven Pines, where the Nine 
Mile road joins the upper one, the road is known as the old Williamsburg road and 
crosses the Chickahominy at Bottom's Bridge. 

With the bearing of these localities in his mind, the reader will readily under 
stand how it was that the enemy was driven from his original strongholds on the north 
side of the Chickahominy, and how, at the time of Friday's battle, he had been compelled 
to surrender the possession of the Fredericksburg and Central railroads, and had been 
pressed to a position where he was cut off from the principal avenues of supply and 

 escape. The disposition of our forces was such as to cut off all the communication 
between McClellan's army and the V^hite House, on the Pamunkey river; he had been 
driven completely from his northern line of defences; and it was supposed that he 
would be unable to extricate himself from his position without a victory or a capitu 
lation. In front of him, with the Chickahominy, which he had crossed, in his rear 
w&re the divisions of Gens. Longstreet, Magruder and Huger, and in the situation as 
it existed Saturday night, all hopes of his escape were thought to be impossible. 

On Sunday morning it appears that our pickets, on the Nine Mile road, having en 
gaged some small detachments of the enemy and driven them beyond their fortifications, 
found them deserted. In a short while it became known to our generals that McClellan 
having massed his entire force on this side of the Chickahominy, was retreating towards 
James river, having stolen a march of twelve hours on General Huger who had been placed 
mn position on his flank to watch his movements. 

Incidents of the Contest—scenery of the Battle Fields, Etc. 

There appear to have been some imperfect statements as to what forces were engaged 
in Friday's assault on the enemy's works at Gains' farm, where was, in fact the greet 
wrestle of the contest. From the best information we can obtain, it appears that 
General A.P. Hill's Division, supported by General Pickett's brigade from General Long- 
street's division, made the first assault upon the enemy's works, and were afterwards 
reinforced by General Whiting's division, composed of the Fourth Alabama, Eleventh 
Mississippi, Sixth North Carolina, Second Mississippi, First, Fourth and Fifth Texas, 
and Tenth Georgia. 

A hill east of Hechanicsville offered an eminence, from which could be observed 
much of the progress of the three days's combat, the smoke of the battle affording 
the outlines to the positions of the forces engaged. 

All day Friday and Saturday, es well as yesterday, there could be seen hanging 
over the woods a heavy haze, welling up from the scene of the fight below. The shells 
often went up to a great elevation, and falling and exploding were generally harmless. 

 -25- 

In the woods beyond Mechanicsville some of the trees as thick around as a man's body 
ace shot through and through by round shot, and the bushes are everywhere cut and 
nippled by the bullets. 

Signs of human habitation, fences, and fruit trees, have been swept from the face 
of the country as far as our army or that of the enemy has progress in Hanover County. 

The woods and swamps are represented as full of Yankee deserters; and they could 
be brought in any number if our troops desired to leave the regular lines and go to 
the front for that purpose. 

The farmers residing in the neighborhood of the battle fields have, with great 
unarnimity and patriotic devotion, repponded to the demand made for hospital accomodations, 
and have opened their dwellings and cut-houses for the use and occupation of the 
wounded. 

Among the trophies of our victory are several very fine Federal flags taken from 
the enemy on Saturday and Sunday. One belong to the "Bucktail Rifles" of the Eleventh 
Pennsylvania Reserves, and two others to the Fourth New Jersey regiment. 

Around Hechanicsville the houses had been occupied by the troops of both armies 
and the desolation is very great. 

Throughout the whole country the houses are shattered, and nearly shot into pieces 
by the cannon balls of the opposing armies. At Mechanicsville the explosion of a shell 
knocked a large house into gragments, and killed six men who were resting there. 

In Hanover county the scene of destruction is wide and appealing. At Ellis' mills 
the wounded of both sides were lying through Saturday and Sunday. A great many of the 
dead werexjaik picked from the canal at the mills. One poor fellow was found lying on 
the side of the hill with his musket beside him and a shot through his breast. 

At. Dr. Atkinson's farm from which the enemy bore off after the fight at the mills, 
the fighting was terrific and the loss heavy on both sides. The house of his gentle 
man is filled with the dead and wounded, and for enemy's surgeons were among them, being 
furnished with every facility. They lay unattended for miles, sick, prostrated, and 

 -26- 

wounded. The Yankees have their hospitals in the woods, and thousands are lying 
around, under the attention of their surgeons. Amputation is going on at all relief 
to the wounded. The demand for coffins is so great that some of the houses were torn 
down on the route to make coffins for the dead. 

Some fifty bodies were taken out of the canal at Gains' mills. Over $00 horses 
were lost, belonging to the several batteries, and their careasses are now infecting 
the air. 

A$ong the prisoners taken yesterday, was Mr. Thomas Corts, proprietor of the 
Yorkshreman's Newspaper, Yorkshire, England, whose arrival in this country was noticed 
several days ago. He arrived on McClellan's lines not long since to report the pro 
ceedings of the war for the London press. He is at one of the city prisons. 

%o the list, published yesterday, of the conspicmous dead, who have fallen upon 
^he field, we have to add the name of Col. Robert Mheat of Louisiana. He received a 
mortal wound in the head in the fight at Gains's Mills, and expired on the field. Col. 
Wheat earned a famous name at Manassas, where he was severely wounded, and where his 
Louisiana Battalion achieved some of the most conspicuous distinction of the day. 

Operations of the Pamunkey—Twenty-five Hundred Prisoners Reported to Be Taken. 

A report was received here last evening that Gen. Stuart's cavalry had succeeded 
in getting in the rear of the enemy on the Pamunkey, near the tvhite House, and had 
captured twenty-five hundred prisoners. A number of the enemy's transport's were also 
burned here. 

Gen. MAGruder's Affairx with the Enemy on Sunday. 

We learn that sundown Sunday Gen. Magruder's division came up with the rear of 
the enemy and engaged a portion of his forces for about an hour and a half. 

After passing the enemy's camp, on the York river railroad, our troops pushed 
after the enemy, and came up with him on the TrJilliamsburg road, a mile east of the Seven 
Pines, opposite Mr. ^m. Sedwick's farm. The enemy were posted in a thick piece of 

 -27- 

pines north of the Williamsburg road, behind entrenchments of strength and elaborate 
finish. The Howitzer battallion began the fight by shelling the woods. From the 
direction of the railroad, Kershaw's brigade and other troops marched down the 
Williamsburg road and dashed into the woods by a flank movement to the left. Here 
the fight raged furiously until darkaess put an end to the contest. Our men laid 
on their arms, with the design of renewing the battle with the return of daylight. 

When the day broke the enemy had again disappeared. Magruder's division followed 
in pursuit, captured a large number of prisoners on the way. The eemoralization of 
the retreating army was attested by the large number of stragglers which had left 
the main body, surrendering themselves as prisoners to our men. Yesterday it was 
reported that the number of prisoners taken on the track of the retreating enemy 
amounted to several thousand. 

The deserted camp of the enemy near the railroad was filled with valuable booty. 
Their splendid grey canvas tents, pitched over two miles of country, were left standing 
in good order. The military chests of officers, which were left in great number, 
indicated that the encampment had been occupied by Meagher's Irish brigade, a 
Pennsylvania, a New York, and a Massachusetts brigade. As our men passed hastily 
through the camp, they helped themselves to such articles as suited their fancy. There 
was a variety of booty sufficient to gratify the most varied tastes. 

Our loss in killed and wounded in Sunday's affair is repotred to be inconsiderable- 
about a hundred men. 

Movements of Yesterday—M'Clellan's Retreat Intercepted. 

Yesterday every one seemed lost and bewildered in their imaginations of what had 
become of McClellan's army. There was no certain announcement that he had yet reached 
the river. As the day progressed, it became known that Jackson's division had crossed 
the Chickahominy, and that there were strong hopes that Longstreet's division would 
intercept the retreating enemy. General Holmes, commanding a division, was said to be 

 -28- 

between the enemy and the river with a force of 1^,000 men. Every effort seemed to 
be made by a new disposition of our forces to repair the unfortunate circumstances 
by which an enemy with three divisions in his front had effected at least a temporary 
escape from a position in which it was a paramount object of the contst to hold him. 

The last accounts we have of the situation of the enemy, and which we dan 
recommend to our readers as reliable, leave doubt that his retreat has been intercepted. 
We are able to state positively that we have forces between him and the river, including 
Gen. Holmes' command of fifteen thousand men. It is also certain that Gen. Jackson 
crossed the Chickahominy yesterday morning, and that the main body of McClellan's 
forces is on this side of the Chickahominy, in Charles City county, where his retreat 
has been intercepted and he has again been challenged to battle. The condition of the 
enemy excites hopes of a most favorable result to our arms. 

Information of the progress of our arms yesterday were meagre on account of the 
movements being conducted further away from the city. 

It was stated by persons who left our lines yesterday afternoon that general 
fighting was progressing. These statements, however, we believe to be unreliable to 
the extent to which they go. There was some action in the afternoon preparatory to 
the great contest; our troops are busily marching and countermarching to effect the 
contemplated investment of the enemy's position. 

The Latest From Our Lines—Yesterday's Battle 

The latest accounts which we can get from the critical portion of our lines and 
recommend to our readers reliable,XEZs^EEKBHsiK represent that late yesterday afternoon 
the enemy was in position near White Oak Swampy that all the roads on the Chickahominy 
were in our possession, Jackson's division having a position at Bottom's Bridge; that 
a portion of our forces had got in the rear of the enemy and were driving him back, 
and that late in the evening our forces in his front had drawn up in two lines of battle 
for a general action which the enemy was endeavoring to decline. The attack was made 

 -29- 

by Gen. Hager on the front of the enemy, who at that time was in the angle formed by 
the intersection of the New Market and Quaker roads, with Gens. Holmes and Hagruder 
in his rear. 

After a short and desultory contest the divisions of Gen. Longstreet and A. P. 
Hill were moved up, and attacked the enemy with great fierceness, and the action 
became general with terrible loss on our side, but terminated with the result of 
driving the enemy back for about a mile and a half, and putting him in a position 
where he will be forced to fight in the morning with every prospect of the rout of 
his forces, as it is supposed that our attack will be made this morning on his front 
and both flanks. Longstreet's division is reported to have been badly cut up, 
particularly the brigade of Gen. Anderson, of South Carolina, and Gen. Kemper, of 
Virginia. It is supposed that an inconsiderable portion of McClellan's army may have 
reached James river. 

 Southern Watchman, July 16 (3, 1), 1862. 

For the Southern Watchman. 

*< 

Casualties in Clarke Rifles 
Richmond, Va., July $, 1862, 

Mr. Christy: Please publish the following list of casualties in 
the Clarke Rifles in the engagement on Tuesday, the 1st instant: 

Thomas A. Wright, killed. 

Lieut. Crenshaw, wounded severely in the bowels. 

H. Launius, wounded in the wrist. 

John M. Allgood, slightly in the back. 

E. R. Carter, right aim shot off. 

Joseph C. Elder, severely in the bowels, 

A. B. ^. Delay, in the leg. 

W. H. Hail, in the hip. 

Zach, Jackson, in left knee. 

Asa M. Jackson, slightly, in the aim. 

E. Michael, in the hand. 

Joseph S. Jones, slightly, in the hip. 

The wounded, I am happy to state, are all doing well, except Lieut 
Crenshaw and Joseph C. Elder—I fear their wounds are mortal. The 
following casualties occurred in the company in various skirmishes, before 
the fight on Tuesday: John M. Bradberry, James H. Hardigree and Franklin 
G. Eblin, killed, Isaac V. Bradberry, flesh wound in the thigh by the same 
ball that killed his brother, John M. Bradberry. 
Respectfully, yours, 

JOSEPH J. McREE, 

Capt. Clarke Rifles, Co. L. 3d Ga. Vols. 

 Southerh Watchman, July 16 (2, 6), 1862 
Casualties in Capt. Grady's Co. 

We are indebted to Capt. W. S. Grady for the following list of killed 
and wounded in his company: 

KILLED 

Alfred A. Atkins, of Rabun Co., Ga. 
James E. Price, " " " 
James D. Cabe, Macon Co. N. C. 
Henry C. Long. " " " 
Daniel W. Brooks, Hall Co., Ga. 

WOUNDED. 

Thomas C. Tolbert, Clarke Co. flesh wound in thigh. 

John Tolbertt " " " " very slight. 

Thomas Lilly, " " in breast, slight. 

George W. Bone, " " hip, not dangerous. 

Felix H. Sellars, Clay co., N. C. face, dangerous. 

Harvey 0. Ar&ael, Greenville Dist, S. C. in arm. 

Jacob Peeler, of Clarke co. in hand, slightly. 

G. M. Netherland, of Rabun, dangerous. 

James Gillespie, " slightly. 

Gen. W. Smith, Clay co. N. C., neck and legs, dang. 

George W. L. Kelly, of Rabun co., leg, slightly. 

William C. Lockaby, of Towns co., Ga. " 

J. Seymour York, of Rabun, in back, not dangerous. 

Jacob Blackman, of Clarke co. flesh wound, in arm. 

Of the wounded, I will not lose more than two or three, or may not 
lose any. I have seen a good nany of them, and they are all doing well. 
Most of them will be able for duty in a few days. 

 Sb 

^uthern Watchman, July 16 (3, 1-2), 1862. 

' For the Southern Watchman. 
v. 

Chattanooga, Term., June 30th. 

Mr. Editor:—The sudden movements of the Jackson Farmers, Capt. Bennett, 
has again induced me to ask the use of your columns. We left Camp McDonald 
on the l$th inst. for this place, where all safely arrived, without any inci 
dent worthy of note. After staying here a few days we were ordered to meet 
the enemy about 16 miles below here, at a place called Shell Mound, on the 
^'ennessee river, 12 miles above Bridgeport. By 10 o'clock on the morning of 
the IPth, our boys, most of whom had never heard the sound of an enemy's gun 
on any former occasion, heard the firing of the pickets immediately in front 
of them, and marching within two hundred yards of the river, the balls began 
to make the dust fly, when we called a halt, awaiting orders from Gen. Ledbetter 
to cross over and try our inexperienced hands with the Feds. -the ^eneral, who 
on this occasion appeared to discharge his duty, was just upon the eve of order 
ing us to cross when the order was unfortunately countermanded by Gen. ^nith. 
I say unfortunately, from the fact that recent developments have shown that 
the whole force of the enemy could have been captured or cut to pieces; a 
fact that the Yankees by some means ascertained, as by 12 o'clock their pickets 
has ceased firing across the river, and nothing but the rippling of its turbulent 
waters, and the dull murmur of the forest leaves could be heard to break the 
ominous silence; and the valley beyond, which had been chosen as the scene of 
conflict, now only presented a solitary aspect, upon which thousands of our 
boys had looked that morning without flinching, as the boundary of their lives, 
for the force of the enemy at that time was thought to be 15,000 strong and our 
own 7,000; but it turned out that the enemy had only 2,000 while our own forces 
were over 8,000 troops, sustained by nine pieces of heavy artillery; but not 
withstanding this favorable opportunity"to make an impression," our boys re 
luctantly took up the line of march to camps, and I believe there was not one 
of them who did not have fight in his eye. This portion of Tennessee is a 

 dreary looking region, and a few refugees from the other side of the river, 
may be found scattered among the mountains. Their story of what the Doodles are 
doing on the Alabama side is truly lamenting. Every house and farm is left 
desolate, and the marauding parties are scouring the country in every direction. 

Our Regiment was allowed to rest only a few hours before it was ordered 
to Knoxville, and on the 2f?th inst., we arrived at that place, and found it 
environed with about ^0,000 troops, with a current rumor that a bloody fight 
was on hand; but we waited for it only one day, before we were ordered back 
to this place, where we have been in comparative repose for several days. 

That portion of East Tennessee through which we passed is an exceedingly 
fine country. The wheat crops are far superior to any that I have ever seen 
in Georgia. A vast amount of comhas been planted, and I have never seen a 
more promising prospect for a large yield of this important article. Clover 
fields, almost as far as the eye can reach, are almost literally covered with 
fine horses, hogs, and cattle, and the fruit trees are bending with rich 
luxuriant fruit. Plenty seems to rein in every household, but alasL all of 
this is cursed with the blight of what are here termed Union men, and surely 
the sturdy sons of iiie South will never allow the desolating footprints of the 
enemy to lay waste this important section. At the comer of every street in 
KnoxviJle you may hear some croaker preachinr up the doctrine tnat East Tennessee 
is now in the hands of the enemy. Such must be driven out or they will ruin 
our cause, and for this reason I appeal to my countrymen, to move onward to the 
conflict and free their country from this desolating pestilence. All the ladies, 
however, are secessionists. I have seen a lady saluting our troops as they 
pass upon the train, and her husband run up and snatch her snow white handker 
chief from her hands; but nothing daunted, she would still wave her hands, 
while the brute was endeavoring to pinion them. 

 During our short stay in Knoxville I notice the former residence of 
the famous old traitor William P. Brownlow. It is now entirely deserted., 
and in one comer I saw a large leather winged bat, snugly ensconced in 
a crevice, no doubt chitting over the absence of its former companion in 
fear, lest the howl of the wolf should be his funeral dirge, and the 
scream of the vulture his last requiem. 

There is a vast amount of what is sometimes called "nothing" done in 
our army. It is a well known fact that our forces here are sufficient to 
break through the enemy's lines somewhere about Runtsville. But the drift 
of the game seems to play around the enemy in such a way that we will be 
continually ditching and throwing up breastworks, only to be abandoned upon 
their approach. Even now, two regiments are engaged in throwing up breast 
works upon the Lookout Mountain, within three hundred yards of our camp, and 
the men are calling out to be led in front of the enemy, for it is reported 
that the Federals are advancing in force upon Chattanooga, and some of the 
women and children have fled to the country. But, Mr. Editor, we can never 
achieve our independence until the bayonet is substituted for the pick, and 
dry powder for the spade. Our army is calling for this, and they should be 
gratified; and then, and not till then, will the advancing columns of Lincoln 
be driven beyond the borders, and the dark and dreary night that is now 
spreading its gloomy mantle over this once happy land, will give way to the 
sunlight of freedom, and the dear ones at ixxne, who are now so lonely, will 
again by happy in its noonday splendor. 

I have only a few more words to say, and these are especially directed 
to the families of our Company at home. You full well krow that your homes are 
invaded by a cruel foe—thatall which is near and dear to a free people, 
struggling for their rights, is at stake—that our beloved country is bleeding 
at every pore, and that if we do not gain the victory, the clank of the iron 

 chain of a tyrant, will be forever tingling in the ears of you and your 
descendants, when all the future will be clouded over by the dreary night 
of perpetual darkness, the gloom of which can never be penetrated by a 
single ray of freedom, unless your husbands, sons and fathers, go forth 
to defend their dear ones at home. Then he not discouraged, nor lonely 
in their absence; rather rejoice in their patriotism and their valor. I 
know that it is hard, cruelly hard, to leave a pleasant home: but what a 
few months or years of loneliness and anxiety to a lifetime of freedom? 
Echo answers there is no comparison. And when our company returns, it 
shall r etum with honor, and the flag which it bears (being the color 
Company) shall freely float over an independent people, or be the morning 
sheet of him who bears it. 

G. J. N. W. 

 Southern Watchman, July 16 (3, 1), 1862. 

, For the Southern Watchman. 

"Now glory to the Lord of Hosts, by whom our armies fight, 
And honor to our heroes true, who've conquered through His might. 
Though far and wide, in bannered pride, at dawn the heathen lay, 
Ere evening's fall that mighty host, like mist had passed away: 
Glory to the Lord of Hosts, for in our deep despair, 
To Him we cried and He bowed down, and heard our trembling prayer." 

"When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses 
and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them. For the 
Lord your Cod is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies- 
to save you." 

"The Lord hath done gi*eat things for us, whereof we are glad"—"Hath 
saved us from the hand of him that hated us, and redeemed us from the hand 
of the enemy." 

"Come, let us sing unto the Lord—let us make a joyful noise to the rock 
of our salvation. Let us come before His presence with thanksgiving, and make 
a joyful noise unto Him with psalms." 

Mi-. Christy:—The Bible assures us all tilings have their appointed time— 
a time to weep, to laugh, and also a time of war. God orders war, strengthens 
His people for it, and gives them victories. Secession from and war with the 
North, God ordered, and a glorious victory he has given; shall we "Rejoice in 
Him, as we have trusted in His Holy name?" 

Richmond, the beautiful capital of the South, has twice been threatened 
by powerful enemy, and that enemy has twice been defeated, "For I, saith the 
Lord, will be unto her a wall of fire round about." 

Daily we pray for our support; over public calamities; in our adversity; 
and now, when an All-wise Providence has ordained the annihilation of the 

 "Grand Aimy"—if our expectations are realised and our desires granted— 
in short, if pleased with our prosperity and wish a continuance of Divine 
favor, should not thanks ascend from every heart? 

"To Thee, Ot God, be all the praise. Thy strength, manifested and 
exerted through men whom Thou hast endowed with wisdom, skill and valor, 
has accomplished the overthrow of our enemies." 

About Richmond a large force had collected, crowding our rivers with 
gunboots, our hills with batteries, the air above with balloons. Our men were 
murdered, our women ravished, our negroes stolen, and examples of cruelty, 
meanness and perfidy daily enacted. McClellan marshalled his forces—troops 
that had served in the old army; regiments that had drilled for months; 
guns, all of the most improved kind; cannon guarded by iron railings; men 
led by experienced officers; a press and a people claiming a victory in ad 
vance. But it availed nothing; "The Spirit of the Lord raised up a standard." 
"He who dwelleth in the clouds, and whose palace is in the Heaven of Heavens, 
has enabled us to chase a thousand, and put ten thousand to flight. The Lord 
of Hosts was on our side—the God of the armies of Israel." 

Mr. Christy, in the church, in the prayermeeting, in the Sabbath school 
?nd in private, are we doing our duty in giving glory and praise, and thanks 
to God for the defeat—the disgrace and overthrow of the "Grand Union Army?" 

N. 

 Southern Watchman, July 16 (3, 1), 1862. 

List of Casualties in the Jackson Co. Volunteers, 18th Regiment Ga. 

Killed 

1st Lieut. L. A. 'JcCulloch, 
Private H. W. McElhannon, 

" J. J. Moore. 

" Willis Anglin, 

" J. H. Thurmond, 

Seriously bounded. 

2d Lieut. J. B. Sillman, 

Private A. Harvill, leg amputated. 

" J. T. Aopleby, through lun^;s. 

" R. T. Rogers, in breast. 

" W. P. Potter, in foot. 

Slightly Hounded. 

0. Serg. H. W. Rell, in arm. 
3d " E. M. Eustace, in side. 
Corp. J. '". Doster, in breast. 
Private Y. C. Bowles, in hip. 

" J. M. Orr, ca3.f of leg. 

" J. M. nfhite, breast. 

" B. -o. Norgan, breast. 

" J. H. Oliver, aim. 

The above company was in the fight of Friday, 2?th June, near Gains' 
Mills. 

H. W. BELL, 0. S. 

 Southern Watchman,.July 23 (3, 1), 1862. 

OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE. 

- 7 
For the Southgm Watchman. 

Camp Near Graham, Jackson co., Ala., 
Headquarters 5 9th Re^. G. V., July 17. 

Mr. Editor:—Again I ask a short space in your valuable paper, that 
the friends of the Jackson Farmers, Capt. Bennett, may hear something of 
us. Perhaps no Regiment in the Confederate Army has been so hurriedly run 
into active service as the 5$th Georgia; and none have felt the effects of 
such service to a greater extent, in so short a period of time. Of 900 men 
only !^7^ are reported for duty to-day; of the others, 30ij. are in various 
hospitals, and the remainder, 121, excepting a few who are at home, now lie 
sick in camps. The fatal cases, however, have been few in proportion to 
the number sick, 1$ only having died in the Regiment. Measles, that common 
scourge of the camps, has been the prevailing disease, the severity of which 
may, to a great extent, be attributed to the many sudden and laborious move 
ments which we have been called upon to make. We have been in service only 
two months, during which time we have moved our camp seven times, and for 
the life of me I cannot see the necessity of one of them. 

In sickness our company has come in for a full share. Of 110 men only 
ijlt report to-day able for duty. But thanks to the ever kind Providence, we 
have lost only one—Perry King—who died at Chattanooga, of measles, on the 
12th inst., after a sickness of only a few days. The company deeply sym 
pathizes with the friends and relatives of the deceased, who in camps was 
ever found at his post, willing to perform all the arduous duties devolving 
upon the soldier. Though occupying an humble position, (in the eye of the 
people) his name should be as deeply engraven upon the hearts of his countrymen, 
as if a golden star had been dazzling from his collar. Capt. Bennett made an 
effort to visit Chattanooga, and have his remains sent home,but this was re 
fused him, and Perry King was there buried, unhonored and unsung. Another 
martyr has thus been added to the long list of heroes whose bones now lie 

 scattered from the blood stained borders of Virginia to the turbid waters 
of the Ocean Gulf, and when the sea and the land shall be called upon to 
deliver up their dead, we find consolation in knowing that so great a dis 
tinction will not take place between the high and the low, a s when they 
first opened their cold and hollow caverns to receive them. 

The following is a list of the nsnes sent to various hospitals from 
our company: J. M. Harmon, J. F. Evens, Jesse Adams, J. T. Adams, E. F. 
Bolton, S. T. Baily, William Bone, J. W. Bradley, W. H. Chandler, P. Culbertson, 
J. M. Esco, J. G. Clenn, C. P. Garrison, F. M. Hardy, W. T. Hawks, J. A. Ivey, 
E. H. IngrahaTH; J. D. Johnson, Pery King, Carlos Leechman, M. S, Mitchell, John 
McCarty, W. L. Mann, J. E. Nunn, J. M. Nix, E. C. Strickland, J. M. Sailors, 
W. S. bailors, David Smith, ^. R. 77ood, G. C. Wilson, R. M. '^ilson, Posey 
Wilson, -*-*. M. .Jestbrook, J. G. Williams, J. E. Wilson, W. S. ^eargin and S. B. 
Yeargin. Of those sick in camp, none of them are dangerously so. 

Our camp is located in a pleasant wood, within one mile of Bridgeport. 
Every morning our ears are saluted by the sound of Yankee drums, and the curling 
smoke of their camp fires are ominous tokens of their close proximity, and 
many of our boys are asking an opportunity to go over the river, the only 
barrier between us, and kindle up fires of another kind, Their forces are 
variously estimated at from $ to 7,000, and our own about the same in this 
immediate vicinity, under command of Den. Heth. As to the movements of either 
party nothing is certainly known, but indications go to shaw that a decided 
movement will be made by our forces, in an important direction, at an early 
day. No disposition is shown by the enemy to cross the river; our pickets, 
however, frequently cross, and never fail to bring back from four to five 
prisoners. These prisoners invariably represent their army as being tired 
of the war; and one Capt. Ballard, who was captured yesterday, swore in the 
presence of our entire Regiment, that he would never again raise an arm against 
the South. Our boys frequently talk with the enemy's pickets, and a few days 

 ago Col. Davis asked one over to read the dispatches from Richmond3 where 
upon reaching the bank he eagerly read the telegram, remarking that it was 
d——d hard, but nothing more than he expected. The citizens who are left 
here are the blood-suckers of society, most of whom are Unionists of the 
most malignant type, and play a full game into the hands of the enemy, and 

are detested by our boys more than the Yankee himself. 

^ 
orn, the principal crop here planted, looks extremely well, and fine 

showers of rain keep it in good growing order. This grain is here selling at 
^2.$0 per bushel. Irish potatoes at )100 per peck, and everything else in 
proportion. Of flour and bacon we get plenty, though not always of good 

quality. As to luxuries of any kind we neither see nor hear of any, every- 

<* 

thing of the kind being consumed by the many thousand who have come before us. 

The natural scenery of this region is picturesque and interesting, but the 
soldier now has no time to view its peculiarities. The hours of drill and 
marching consume all his time, and he thinks of nothing now but striking for 
the freedom of his country, and again breathing that free air which makes 
glad the Southern heart, and whose every pulsation shall thiill alone for this, 
until a shout that they are free, shall revreberate though every Southern home, 
and proclaim to the world that the countrymen of Washington live only to free. 

The friends of Capt. Bennett, will be gratified to learn of his continued 
good health, and of his entire capacity to discharge all the arduous duties 
incumbent upon his station. Our field and staff officers are able and efficient, 
and when our friends hear that we have met the enemy, I feel confident that all 
will give a good account of themselves, leaving nothing undone, that is given 

them to do. 

G. J. N. W. 

 r 

5rn Wat 

Southern} Watchman, July 23 (1, 2), 1862. 

' 'STORMING A BATTERY. 
—? < 

The Third Georgia in the Fight. 

The following extract from a letter written by Captain R. B. Nisbet, 
of the Brown Rifles, Putnam county, gives a vivid and terrible idea of the. 
storming of the Federal battery on the 1st inst. Captain Nisbet was acting 
Lieut. Colonel of the 3rd regiment in the beginning of the action, but by 
the death of Colonel Sturgis, the command devolved on him. 

After detailing some of the particulars of the hard contested fight 
of Monday, the 30th ult., he says: This was on Monday evening. On the next 
morning the enemy fell back to James river and took a position on a high hill, 
with four hills lower and in front of it. These four hills were entirely 
bare. Gen. Longstreet ordered Olmstead's and Wright's brigades to take the 
batteries of the enemy, which crowned this hill, numbering, it is supposed, 
fifty pieces. We started, Bob Dennis, my brother-in-law commanding my old 
company in the 3d Georgia. We went across the first hill; Dave Adams and 
Johnnie Dennis were wounded here. I carried the right of the regiment over 
two of the ridges. General Wright sent an order for me to fall back—then 
came an order to take the batteries if every man was lost. Wright, on foot, 
foimed the remnant of his and Olmstead's brigades, and crawling on our hands 
and feet, we crept along over the hills, reaching the last hill next to the 
batteries with only 600 men left out of the two brigades. We drove the guns 
over the hill. Here regiment after regiment of the enemy—whole divisions of 
them—under old Kearney rose up. I thought nothing could equal the storm of 
shell and shot, cannister and grape, which we had met crossing the hill; but 
it was the musketry which slew us. Sturgis was shot dead leaving me in command 
of the regiment, now about one hundred and fifty strong. We had made up our 
minds that we must die there; but not a man faltered. It was awful. A ball 
passed through the back of my cap, stunning me so that I had to lie down, but 
I soon got over it. Brigade after brigade came up to relieve us, but were 

 driven back by the artillery as fast as they came^ still we stood. Tcombs' 
Ransom's and Cobb's brigades finally got near enough to engage the enemy as 
we were about to be surrounded. 'Twas whilst i?e were cheering them, as they 
came to our relief, that I received a shot in the wrist. I was stunned and 
very faint. Bob Dennis came to me—poor fellow, he was shedding tears, 
"Brother, said he, "I brought 18 men with me. I cannot find one—not one." 
He was the only one among the field officers or commanders of companies in 
the 3d who was not either killed or wounded. I was carried, fortunately, to 
Dr. Sam White's Hospital and had excellent attention. I got here to-day, am 
at Nelson's rooms, where I was brought with Lieut. Claiborne Sneed, of Augus 
ta, by J. C. Sneed, Edq., his father. Don't be uneasy about me. I've a 
clean shirt on, have had something to e at and shall go back to my regiment 
in a day or two. x -&-&-& 

In Monday's fight, from the looks of the battle field, two Yankees to 
our one were killed. In Tuesday's fight, I think our killed and wounded far 
exceeds theirs. I have read of storming batteries, but I have never heard of 
infantry, without cannon, crossing fields half mile wide, to take whole parks 
of artillery. Such a scene as the battle field presented, you can't imagine. 
Legs, arms and heads, were lying all over the field, and now over the two 
battle fields of Monday and Tuesday, for nearly four miles, under the trees, 
in the ditches, down in the gullies, and everywhere, the dead are lying. 

The 3d and i^th Georgia, 1st Louisiana and Ihth and 38th Virginia, (the 
Last Powhattan Whittle's Regiment,) I understand, suffered most in Tuesday's 
fight. Our regiment, from sickness and constant labor, was small, covering 
only 380 men in the fight, and about 200 in the last charge. 

 j ! 

Southern Watchman, July 3%) (2, 2-^), 1862. 

FIGHT BETvJEEN THE RAM ARKANSAS AND THE FEIJERAL FLEET AT VICKSBURG—A GRAPHIC 

DESCRIPTION BY AN EYE-WITH^SS. 

We have been kindly permitted to publish the following graphic and 
truthful description of the recent encounter between the Confederate ram 
Arkansas and the Federal fleet at Vicksburg, written by an officer in 
command there to his wife in this place. We have not met with so full, 
satisfactory and thrilling an account of the adventure elsewhere: 

Vicksburg, July l6th, 1862. 

My Dear _____:—festerday was one of excitement from daylight to 
midnight, embracing one of those thrilling events that astound after all 
is over. We had been for two nights on the lookout for the advent of the 
"Arkansas," with guns shotted and pointed, cannoniers at their posts, 
banks lined with sharp-shooters, and every precaution taken to help our 
friends and destroy our enemies, if they pursued her under our guns, that 
was practicable. 

The upper fleet, consisting of at least twelve heavily armed vessels 
and rams, (deserters say thirty,) had apparently been on the lookout for 
her for several days, as they had some vessels in the Yazoo, some at anchor 
at the mouth, and the remainder of the fleet between us and the mouth. 

Leaving the city for the hills that overlook the Yazoo valley early 
yesterday morning, the first glance revealed tt-?o smokes, evidently from 
boats, some seven miles up the river; further, that they were approaching 
each other from opposite directions. My point of view was distant about 
the same number of miles. A minute more and there came the heavy report of 
a cannon from the lower one, then another, and another, and so on, the two 
smokes constantly nearing each other. Now the upper one has evidently opened; 
now come two reports together; now two, three and four in rapid succession; 
for a minute or two there is a pause, the two smokes appear together; and the 
vessels ceasing to fire have perhaps made a rush at each other, and are being 
crushed by masses heavier than 8 and 10 inch projectiles. No, this is not so; 

 heavy reports are again heard, the smokes separate, and both move down the 
river. Which is in advance? Has the "Arkansas" passed, and is she fairly 
in the gauntlet which, sink or swim, she cannot turn from, or has the boat 
that so boldly met her turned, and keeping up a running fight, is making the 
best of her way to the Mississippi where it is plain there are more waiting 
to join the combat as they come out. 

Down the two go with increased speed, the white smoke curling upward to 
the tops at every discharge, from the bow guns of the one and the stern guns 
of the other. At this point I am joined by two other officers. "Gentlemen, 
was there ever anything more gaELant;' was there ever more fearful odds than 
our sole representative of the Confederate Navy in Southern waters has deliberately 
started to encounter? God grant that the brave Capt. Brown, with the Arkansas 
and crew, may come safely cut of tLisL" The heavy reports continue; now they 
must be near the mouth, where the fearful contest really commences, and where 
four smokes are now visibly moving to prepare for those descending. No one 
knows precisely where the mouth of the river is, or where the more open water 
is reached; the turnings of the Yazoo, too, brings the smokes apparently to 
gether, when really they may be some distance apert. The firing seems to 
slaken, not more than two guns per minute—now not more than one—now it stops 
—can it be that the three have overpowered her and are having her under water, 
as three or four bull dogs might pitch upon a watch dog and worry him to 
death? Heaven grant that we may hear the cannon open again, for as long as 
their booming reaches us the Arkansas still floats. Hell, hers has been a 
brilliant fate, even if she has gone down, and boldly met. What would not 
her brave Captain give to have one of the boats so ignominiously burned by 
Capt. Pinckney, to assist him? Are not those smokes moving some—don't they 
begin to separate a little? There goes another gun, another and another— 
they have not overpowered her yet; now she must be in the Mississippi and 
have some room to take care. Yes, they are all in it now, and begin to 

 move towards us; and the regular roar of the guns shows them fighting 
as they get nearer. The main fleet in the bend above us, some eight, 
ten or twelve vessels, nobody knows how many, begin to show signs of ac 
tivity, and are steaming up in haste; lookouts are visible on the tops, 
masts ajid chimneys, and occasionally dark hull's are seen through the 
tree-tops, moving into position. Now a line is formed entirely across the 
Mississippi. 'Tis no longer the iron-clad rams and boats of the Uestem 
waters that are to be encountered, but Com. Farragut's fleet of regular 
vessels of war, manned by the choice Federal officers and sailors of the 
Navy, and carrying the very heaviest armament. 

How hard, that after having fought continuously and successfully for 
an hour and a half against fearful odds, that the gallant craft has but 
commenced her battle, and is soon to encounter odds four-fold greater. 

On they come, nearer and nearer, even how we begin to hear the whizzing 
of the shot through the air; ten minutes more and they will be around the 
point in view. What would we not give were she under our batteries, so that 
we could drive the pack o 'f and give her some assistance? Can it be possible 
for her to endure the iron storm that awaits, and successfully pass that 
line? There comes something around the point that must be her: no, I see 
two chimneys—she has but one; there comes something else, is that her? 
Both are firing, but apparently not at each other. That smoke still behind 
the point must be the one; on it comes, rather slow, apparently returning shot 
for shot, well in the bend of the river, everything ahead, nothing following. 
Yes, that must be the Arkansas, for now the first shot from the vessels that 
are waiting for her is fired, and she is just getting in range. What will the 
Captain try and accomplish? Make a dash at the Brooklyn or Richmond, sink one, 
then take the chance of being run into himself and lose his vessel, and thus 
sell her as dearly as possible, or will he run the line and endeavor to reach 
our batteries, now so near him? One, two, half-a-dozen more guns—the whole 

 line has opened on him. The white smoke curls in masses above the tree 
tops; now whole broadsides are poured in, in rapid succession. Nothing 
is visible but theaaoke, and nothing heard but a continuous explosion of 
heavy artillery. The roar is incessant—shells bursting in the air—shot 
crashing through the tree-tops—some hissing off a mile or more, and 
spending their fury there. The firing goes on in all its fury. It cannot 
be heavier, unless the remainder of the fleet, lying below Vicksburg, 
should be magically transported across the neck of land separating from the 
bend above, and join her voice to the mad howling going on around the point. 

Did you hear that peculiar noise? Yes, it was a decidedly different 
sound; she must have struck some vessel. If she can but sink one of those 
sloops of war before they crush her, she will be well avenged. The battle 
still rages; they have not got her yet. 

Is not thatthe same black smoke now slowly emerging from the volcano 
and moving on down? God grant that it may bo sot One mile more, and whatever 
it is comes in view. 'Tis almost too much to believe possible that the 
gallant craft should come out of that terrible contest. That smoke is 
certainly descending. On it comes, more and more distinct. Now the wind 
lifts the dark curtain, and it is by itself. It increases its distance 
from the main noise, there plainly goes a shot back, returning the fire ainied 
at it. A huge mortar shell is hurled forward and explodes high up in the 
alF. The Arkansas has no mortars—the smoke must be hers. Are ou^batteries 
all ready? The fight must soon move around the point. A rapid glance shows 
everything ready—( ) at their posts. There goes a cheer in the upper 
battery—another and another. Three hundred men have mounted the parapets, 
waving their hats and making the air resound with their hurrahs. We do not 
see her yet, but the enemy's shots are dashing up the water in plain view ahead. 

One minute more—the point is reached. That is her—there she is. Now 
she comes in plain view, her flag—the Confederate flag—still flying, but torn 

 and rent to shreds. Slowly she moves, as if weared and exhausted with her 
great combat, yet still dangerous and determined. The Captain is seen standing 
alone near her chimney, motionless, the only human being visible, still 
guiding his noble vessel, regardless of the maddened frenzy of those seeking 
his destruction. Look at her chimneyL CM what a sight; literally torn to 
fragmentst It tells its own story—a shot, shells, grape and everything in 
the shape of missiles has been encountered by it. One boat hangs dangling 
by one end, all the others have been shot away. At last the point is 
rounded, the goal is gained, and the Arkansas has passed the line within which 
the contest can be taken up by others. One boat attempts to purseu or makes 
a show of doing so, but a few well-directed shots from the upper battery on 
shore, and she disappears. 

The fight is over, and all now rush to greet the gallant band that has 
passed through such an iron tempest. The crew are seen swarming on deck, 
exhausted by their efforts and the confined heat of their iron clad home. 
Soon they are within hailing distance, and Capt. Brown is again enthusias 
tically cheered. There he stands, calm, unmoved, pale, bloody, but the light 
in his eye yet glittering from the excitement. A cut over the left eye and 
a wound on the head, which left him senseless for some minutes, have been 
received; but in other respects he is himself. 

Now for the news of the battle. 

The boat that met him up the Yazoo was an iron clad ram also; but after 
firing several shots, as the Arkansas approached, turned and fled, the latter 
playing upon her with the. bow guns, with such effect as to drive the men from 
the guns and finally silence her. Running alongside at last, Capt. Brown, 
with depressed guns, gave a broadside, which he thinks must have sunk her, as 
the flag was hauled, down and the boat run ashore. Passing directly on, three 
other iron-clads were attacked. One was bl own up by the first shot, and the 
crew driven into the river or killed by the steam. Turning attention to the 

 other two, who hesitated on seeing the fate of their two consorts, a few 
broadsides sent them away so severely crippled that they got out of the way, 
and made no attempt to follow down the Mississippi. 

This success cleared his passage out of the Yazoo, and what was left 
fled before him down to the main fleet, closely pursued and hotly fired on. 

On coming up to the fleet, the vessels were found ranged across the 
river as if to completely bar her passage, and every one of them opened on 
her. Keeping straight on, firing as rapidly as she could, she broke through 
their line, despite the enormous calibre of the guns pointed at her, and 
arrived safely at the city. Capt. Brown thinks he set one vessel on fire in 
passing. Certain it is, there was a large conflagration up in the bend soon 
after, which burnt all the afternoon and late into the night. 

And now commenced a furious bombardment of the town again, apparently 
out of pure rage that the ram had beaten them, which lasted the remainder of 
the day, increasing in rapidity as the sun set, when suddenly I hear from 
my upper battergr a shot—then another—then two more, and immediately a broad 
side. It is at once apparent that the upper fleet have started to pass our 
batteries and get back to their old position. In a few minutes every available 
gun on their side and ours had opened, and it seemed as if the heavens had come 
together, the explosions were so heavy and so continuous. The air was fairly 
filled with every imaginable projectile, shot and grape hissing, rifle pro 
jectiles, and shells crashing through houses, then exploding with reports almost 
deafening, from their proximity. The night was cloudy, and they were firing 
by each other's flashes, the whole scene being intensified by some nouses bum- 
ing up, which the shells set on fire. This pandemonium lasted until about 
1C o'clock, when the fire at last ceased. How much the enemy suffered in this, 
their second passage, we will not know. One vessel drifted on to shore and 
was towed off by two others. There is but little doubt they are much injured, 

 both in men and in their vessels; at all events, we are quite willing for them 
to try the passage as often as they choose. On our side three wounded 
by the bursting of a gun, but none by the enemy. 

The Arkansas again played her part and had two killed and one wounded, 
making twelve killed and nine woulded during the day. 

I am too tired to write more, and only wish it were possible to depict 
the scene as it was seen, and impart some of the feelings that possessed 
us as the drama progressed. 

Yours, 

 j 

Southern Watchman, August 20 (it, 1-2), 1862. * 
OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE. , 

Headquarters, Camp Smith, 

Near Knoxville, Tenn., August 2. 

Editor Southern Watchman—Will you do me the favor to publish the 
following, to my old and faithful friend, Hon. James Lindsey: 

Dear Sir:—I promised you, with many others, I would write, but I am 
so closely engated I do not have time to execute my letters to my wife, 
only in a hasty manner, as I shall have to do this. My reason for addressing 
you through the papers is this: I have promised to write to so many, and am 
receiving so many letters, in reference to their sons, wards and friends in 
my company, that I find it utterly impossible to answer them all; and knowing 
yourinability, at the time I left, to get about, I therefore address this 
directly to you. 

The general health of my company since leaving home, and also that of 
Capt. Camp's, has been very good, except measles, and in the camp neither of 
us have lost a single man, either from measles or anything else. Two of mine, 
whom I sent horn on sick furloughs, I learn by letters from my wife, have since 
died at hom^ and a third, I fear, from latest accounts, is also dead, to-wit: 
those dead, W. P. Chandler, of Franklin county, and F. M. Page, of Jackson, 
and the one I suppose to be dead, H. G. Cansby, of Gwinnett county. They were 
all three good and faithful solfiers, They were never lacking in the discharge 
of their duties. 

On the ij.th of July last, ^ol. Hunt and Gen. J. H. Morgan having joined 
their forces together, we left this place just before daylight. On the 5th we 
struck the Cumberlandmountains, and in crossing them the advance guard of our 
command was fired on by bushwhackers, and one man, by the name of O'Brien killed, 
a member of the Texas Rangers. We scoured the country all around and captured 
some 3 or ii of them. On the 8th we crossed the Cumberland river at Butler's 

 Point, just before night, when we fed and rested until 8 o'clock in the night, 
when we took up our march for Tompkinsville, in .onroe county, Ky., where we 
met Maj. Jordan with about 3$0 men, well armed and disciplined. About 6 
o'clock on the morning of the 9th, their line of battle was as straight and 
smooth as an arrow. The fire was opened on my company and Capt. Camp's by 
the enemy, and continued about 10 minutes, quite regular . Our men were 
only partially armed, and that with old muskets. Some of the companies of 
the Regiment were armed with rifles. Our men were ordered by Col. Hunt to 

dismount, and No. 3 hold the horses of Nos. 1, 2 and ij. The enemy were on a 

more like the one on which is situated the 
hill,/grave yard in Jefferson, than any I ever saw, and the Georgia Regiment 

were on the east side of it. The firing soon became too hot for the enemy, and 
they fled in every direction, like sheep. They fired entirely too high and we 
rather low. We formed our line of battle in the road, about one hundred and 
twenty-five yards from the enemy; and being in an old field, there was nothing 
whatever between us, except their wagons, which some of them got behind when 
they first began to flinch. The captures of horses, wagons, killed and wounded, 
^?hich I see in the papers, I believe to be about correct, except the killed, 
which I learned from citizens as I cane on back was 63. We did not stay to 
bury the Yankee dead, as we had none of our own, and but two wounded, Col. 
Hunt being one, of which he died on the 2$th, or, as I am informed by Joshua T. 
Elder, who remained with him and waited on him, that the Colonel believed he 
was poisoned.—Maj. Jordan, the commander, was one of the prisoners we took. 
His sword, or the one used by him in the battle, you can see at my house, as 
I have sent it home. It was taken from him by Lieut. W. H. Holliday and pre 
sented to me. More bravely than my men and Capt. Camp's behaved, I never ex 
pect to see. We burnt their tents, with all they had, except one wagon and 
one ambulance, with a wagon load of their property, which was sent back, in 
charge of J. L. Shields, J. H. &. Perkins and others, with 12 or 1$ horses 
and mules. 

 There were nine six-horse wagons and two two-horse wagons. All our 
command, I am informed, behaved well; my company and Capt. Camp's were under 
my own eyes, and therefore I speak individually of them. At Glasgow the 
enemy fled, and we captured the Arsenal with all its contents, together with 
large quantities of army stores, clothing, &c. After marching almost day 
and night, we reached the Turnpike bridge, about 8 miles from Lebanon, 
Marion county, on the second night after leaving Glasgow, about an hour after 
dark, where we were faired on, and skirmishing continued on into town. The 
Yankees and Home Guards, or Lincolnites, strewed the road with coats, hats, 
&c., on to town.—About half past three, on the morning of the 12th, the 
Georgia iiegiment was ordered up to charge on the town, when, just as we had 
formed in battle array, the town bell was rang and the white flag hoisted, 
which, I, of course, was quite willing to. Just at daylight we got into town, 
where we were met by Southern Rights' men, women and children, ^hey invited 
us to their houses, where as good hospitalities as I ever sat down to, was 
spread in almost every house, with forage in abundance. Here the Arsenal and 
its contents, and they were great,) with thousands of clothing, saddles, bridles 
and harness, with great numbers of wagons, all fell into our hands. After 
arming ourselves with the best Enfield and Belgium Rifles, with ammunition as 
much as we could carry, and loading a wagon or two with arms for recruits we 
expected to join us, we burnt up the remainder, consisting of almost everything 
to eat, or drink, from the meanest red eye whiskey to the best lemon syrup, or 
to wear, consisting of hats, caps, boots, shoes, socks, coats, pants, &c., with 
all qualities of amis, except Navy pistols. 

Our next fighting was with the bushwhackers, near Maxeysville, and there 
I came very near losing two men and Capt. C^p two. Matt and Joe Wills, of my 
company, and Harrison Bridges and James Clark, of Camp's company, had been de 
tailed as forage guards, and were some distance ahead of the brigade, when they 

 suddenly came on some men, who ran. The Wills' pursued one crown and Bridges 
and Clark another. They continued the chase through town, and on the opposite 
side encountered a force of about ij.O men, all aimed. The boys fired, faced about 
and put spurs, but Clark's horse, being much slower than the others, was cut 
off and taken prisoner without being hurt, although about thirty guns were 
fired at them, annothing but bad marksmanship saved the lives of the Wills' 
and Bridges, the balls whistling all around them, and one cut a lock of Matt 
Wills' hair out. The command coming up, the tories fled. Scouts were sent 
out, and some killed, others wounded and still others taken prisoners. We re 
mained just in the edge of town, on our horses, until between midnight and 
day, when we were ordered to hitch our horses to the fence on each side, with 
saddles on, and rest until day. 

Hext morning Gen. Morgan told them our men had to be produced, or he 
would bum the entire neighborhood, when Clark was brought up. At Harrodsburg 
and Georgetown the torJes and Yankees fled, and the citizens received us iHth 
loud huzzas, and men and horses were furnished with everything necessary and 
good to eat5 and, as at other places, many young and brave men joined us. At 
Cynthiana, on the l?th, we encountered a fire of 9$0, under command of 
Lieut. Col. Landrum, with one piece of artillery, a long, beautiful brass 
12-pounder, engraved "U. S., 1862," which, after a 2 hours' fight, fell into 
our hands, with ^63 prisoners, among them Lieut. Col. Landrum himself, with 
ammunition, arms, army stores, &c., with about ij.OO horses and mules, among 
them six of as good horses and as fine harness as I ever saw in Athens to an 
omnibus or coach. The piece was taken by Capt. Jones' company of our Regiment. 
Cur loss was 8 killed and 29 wounded; that of the enemy was %, according to 
tneir own showing. We continued our course on by Paris, Winchester, Crab 
Orchard, -"ichmond and Summerset, capturing numerous trains of wagons, teams, 

 arms, army stores, c*c.,; and at Summerset, which is in the neighborhood of 
Fishing Creek, we captured, with a great number of others, the amis taken 
from the lamented Zollicoffer. We were attacked by bushwhackers several times, 
from Cynthiana on to Khoxville, in all which we lost but one man and one 
horse. In the Cynthiana battle, how it was we lost no more than vie did, I 
am unable to say. It could have been only by bad marksmanship, as the enemy 
fired on us, after being routed from behind houses, ?nd from windows, and 
from behind stone fences, &c. 

At Tompkinsville Col. Hunt acted the part of a brave and skillful 
officer. He was wounded in the lea by an accidental shot, while leading 
his gallant Georgians in a charge, which drove the enemy from their camp and 
ended the battle. Lieut. Col. F. M. Nix was left in command, and at 
Cynthiana, our next general engagement, he proved himself a skillful officer 
and a brave man, and as he remarked to them the next day, after the battle, 
"feels proud of the brave Georgians which I (he) command: they fought so well." 
Maj. S. J. Winn is a young and gallant officer, and proved himself well worthy 
of his post in each engagement. No officer or private within my knowledge in 
either engagement, or in our skirmishes with the bushwhackers, was lacking, or 
showed any want of cool moral courage, known only to the truly brave in an 
hour of trial on the battle field. To call especial attention to any might 
do injustice to othei^ but the generous mind will pardon me for mentioning a 
few inexperienced boys, to-wit: James Fulcher, James M. Johnson, R. ^'. ^eal 
and George L. Carson of my company, and Thomas Deaton, of Capt. Camp's com 
pany, 'they loaded, shot and. obeyed and executed the commands given, with the 
coolness and bravery which would have done credit to any soldier. Those in 
other companies of the Regiment, I doubt not, behaved with equal courage. I 
speak only of them, because their conduct came directly under my own eyes. 

To any who are fond of an excitable life and of moving often, this is the 
service; but it has its hardships. To march as we frequently have to do, in 

 order to surprise an enemy, or to save our bacon, for two days and a night, 
or for two nights and a day, without rest or sleep, or anything to eat almost, 
I believe will make the most stern and determined think of home, though 
humble it be, and of the pleasures he has enjoyed with many a kind friend. 
When I have been fatigued and almost worn out for want of sleep, nearly 
stifled with dust, and my hair and clothes stiff with it, I could not help 
going back in my imagination to my own peaceful fireside, and the many hours 
of pleasure I have enjoyed with numerous kind friends. Among them, my mind 
often rested on Rev. Jackson Oliver, of Banks Bounty, commonly called "Uncle 
Oliver." I thought of Ms good advice to many a young man, of his pleasant 
manners, and frequently of the large and delicious watermelons which I have 
several times eaten at his house; but these are among the things remembered, 
with many such friends, in "Old Jackson" and other counties. 

In Kentucky the wheat is standing in stacks like oats, only much larger, 
corn in pens in the shuck, and many large cribs full of ready shucked, with as 
good oats as I ever saw grow. In short, Kentucky has the most milk, the 
largest cows, the fattest horses, the least timber in some places, and the 
best fences (because they are stone) I escer saw. 

In connection with what I have said of the Tompkinsville battle, I forgot 
to mention the conversation of the Yankee Major Jordan with J. h. ^hields and 
J. H. *-*. Perkins, who, with others, brought him to Knoxville. He said when he 
heard us hallooing and whooping, he "knew we were Georgians, and as to being 
scared to see a Regiment of men coming whooping and hallooing, like a parcel 
of negroes going to a corn-shucking, for it reminded him more of tiat than 
anything else, it was enough to scare the Devil. They looked like they did 
not value their lives more than chicken roosters." 

There was no other troops engaged except the Artillery company, until the 
flight of the Yankees; and owing to the measles, which many of the troops had, 
our Regiment was reduced until the forces actually engaged were about equal. 

 There were several cases of measles in each of our companies after we 
started. At the Cumberland River I sent back John R. Seymour, Joseph M. 
Lyle, Isaac H. Lyle and W. H. House, an<^ Capt. Camp Sergeant J. N. ELanagan 
and M. G. Stewart. Several other cases broke out after leaving Tompkinsville, 
but all were able to travel except Samuel M. Cato, of Capt. Camp's company, 
who had to be left at Georgetown. As you have become tired of this long 
letter, as I suppose, I will close. 

Yours, most truly, 

W. L. MAELER, 

Capt. Co. "E," 1st Georgia 

Regiment P. R. 

 Southern Watchman, August 6, (l, 2), 1862. 

For the Southern Watchman. 
TO DES. WATSON AND LONG, SURGEONS 59TH GA. 
In days of yore, when mother earth 
Teemed with a race of loftier birth, 
When poets, like our modem kings, 
Made lofty persons out of things, 
And with a flourish of the pen, 
Converted ideas into men: — 
Unlike them, I now shall sing 
Of men more worthy than a king. 

When Galen in his ancient day, 
Chased disease and pain away; 
And Aristotle, too, could find 
An antidote for every mind; 
Why not praise cur worthy sons 
As long as time and water runs 
And give to Watson and to Long, 
The meed of praise in this our song. 

Say, soldier, sayt when racking pains 
And aching brow and fever's brains, 
Doth lay thee on thy lowly bed, 
Then who shall soothe thy aching head? 
Then who thy pillow softly down 
And put a smile upon the frown, 
And turn the frown into a song? 
We answer Watson and for Long, 

 Go, soldier, go, thy country bleeds, 
And write thy name in worthy deeds— 

I And if the ball should make a wound, 

Don't tremble at the hurtling sound; 
But onward press—we'll gain the day, 
And drive the Vandal hordes away, 
While ever onward in the throng, 
We'll shout for Watson and for Long. 

And now the battle rages round, 

And freely bleeds the painful wound; 

The mournful groan, the painful sigh, 

Comes startling ev'ry passerby; 

Its thunders roar, its lightnings peal, 

Then who shall all your sufferings heal? 

We'll fly to Watson and to Long, 

And then continue with our song. 

Near Bridgeport, Ala., July 20. G. J. N. W. 

 Southern Watchman, August 20 (2, 5-6, (3) - l), 1862. 
CUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE / 

t 

' 

Headquarters 5$th Reg. G. V._, 
Clinton, Tenn., Aug. 8th, 1862. 

Friend Christy: Ours has been very appropriately styled the flying 
Regiment; and since iny last communication this appellation has been quite 
appropriate, as we find it quite difficult to keep up with ourselves. I 
last wrote to you from Bridgeport, Ala., at which place the Jackson Farmers 
had quite a lively time, being out on picket, within speaking distance of 
Buell's army, upon Long Island, over which the famous Bridgeport was once 
suspended, and whose lonely pillow now stands a sad memorial of the devas 
tations of war. This island, in the Tennessee River, which contains an 
area of about ^00 acres of the most fertile soil, is a very interesting 
feature in the geography of that country; the natural scenery presenting 
the most romantic features. Giant trees, whose boughs seem to touch the 
clouds, and whose diameter is fifteen feet, was quite a novelty to us, as 
we stood beneath them and saw thousands of blue coats, within speaking dis 
tance. The general tenor of the conversation of these yankees, showed them 
heartily tired of the war, and that hundreds of them were seeking opportuni 
ties to join our ranks, and on several occasions a few of them have made 
good this promise. After feasting here for eight days uuon fish and turtle, 
we joined our Regiment, soon after which we were ordered to repair to Lyon's 
Station, a little village nine miles above Chattanooga, on the Knoxrille 
Rail Road, at which place we were pleasantly situated for two days, when we 
were ordered to Enoxville, where we arrived at night on the 1st inst., find 
ing thousands of soldiers in here before us, among the most conspicuous of 
whom were Col. Morgan, and his aid, Col. George St. Leger Greenfelt. Of the 
former I must say nothing; but to the latter, whose merits are not so generally 

 known, I must make a hasty reference. Like the immortal Lafayette, he 
laid adide the price and splendor of a foreign court, to take part in the 
grand struggle that is now going on for our independence. A distinguished 
officer in the British army, he travelled all the way from India, and 
succeeded in running the blockade in the Nelly, at Charleston, last April. 
He accompanied Col. Morgan's command on its late expedition to Kentucky, 
and for his undaunted bravery returned with a crown of laurels. He was 
commissioned in the British Army thirty-three years ago—has participated 
in the wars of both hemispheres, and must be considered a valuable acqui 
sition to our army. 

An interesting drama is now being enacted in East Tennessee. The 
concentration of the forces under Gen. Smith and Bragg in this department, 
cannot fail to produce a decided effect upon the state of affairs in 
Tennessee. And yet another feature for our congratulation is in opperation 
here, which, had it been carried out twelve months ago, would have decima 
ted Lincoln's Tennessee i%girnents. Popular craters are now canvassing the 
country, showing the condition of the people and the progress of the war. 
It will not be forgotten how the people of Tennessee in the beginning of the 
present troubles were deluded by the most unblushing falsehoods in order 
to harness them to the car of suspicion and Federal Union. The lying as 
sumption of Brownlow and Johnson are now being met by men, good and true, 
which can not fail to strengthen our cause and cause hundreds to join our 
ranks, whose views have hitherto been differently directed. As to the 
miserable renegades, East Tennessee tories, congregated at Cumberland Gap, 
under the name and style of Federal troops, no one here counts but little, 
either for or against, and we may soon look for a complete emancipation of 
this interesting country. 

 Having staid in Knoxville only one day, we were ordered to throw 
away all surplus baggage and prepare to march to this place, where we 
arrived on -Hie 5*01 inst. This was our first march on foot; and the 
Jackson Farmers entered upon the hardships of war. But with a weary load on 
their backs—a scorching sun booming down upon their heads—and clouds of 
dust obscuring every other object, they onward marched, whistling and 
singing by the way.. Clinton is quite an ancient looking village, on the 
Western bank of Clinch River, and now contains but few inhabitants; many 
dwellings being entirely deserted, the lords of which are now said to be 
in the Federal army. We got no refreshments here, and since we left 
Knoxville no demonstrations have been made to welcome our appearance. 
Even the women, who upon all former occasions have manifested pleasure at 
our arrival, here timidly peep at us around the door posts, and then 
dodge back as if some one had fired upon them. However, there are a few 
secessionists here, and their number is said to be daily increasing. It 
may not be improper to here state that our forces are sufficient to repel 
any attack that is likely to be made, and they consist chiefly of Georgia 
troops. 

We had been here two days, when on the morning of the 7th, we were 
ordered to re-inforce Gen. Stephenson at Tazewell, ^5 miles north of 
Clinton. Immediately we took up the line of march, ever a rough mountainous 
country, and found fine fun in wading of rivers, and but little in the 
clouds of dust that we had to encounter, and the long and burning lanes 
through which we had to go. Early on the morning of the 8th, Gen. Ledbetter, 
who commanded the expedition was met by a courier with dispatches to the 
effect that the enemy had been repulsed, and that our assistance would not 
be needed. With a pang of regret we retraced our steps, and reached our 
former camp ground, late in the evening, where we are now located in a 
healthy position, but are daily looking for orders to march to some point 
unknown to us. 

 The condition of our Regiment has improved since my last communication. 
Today 738 report for duty, being an increase of 262 men. The number sick is 
192, and 17 have died. Cur comaany report $0 men able for duty today, and 
several are returning convalescent, in compliance with the recent General 
orders of this division of the army. Of those who have died, if any, we 
have received no official report. We have, however, received the painful 
intelligence from home, that J. W. Gar< risen and J. ^. Wilson had died, and 
in behalf of the Jackson Farmers, I extend a heartfelt sympathy to their 
bereaved families and friends, and as a company, sadly mourn their loss. 
Since our last report we have sent, of our company, to the hospital, R. B. 
Andersen, J. M. Dunson, B. ^. Garrison, F. F. Henry, P. A. Marlow, F. W. Karlow, 
W. H. Patrick, J. Strickland, J. T. Strt,etnian, John Smith, Sander Tiller, 
Berry Croos, W. J. Carithers, J. ^. Yeargin, W. T. M. Brock, John Esco, and 
J. F. Williams. Of the former list. P. J. Toberts and P. G. Wilson have re 
turned to duty. We have only four on the sick list to-day—none of whom are 
seriously ill. It is a fact that none in our company are allowed to perform 
duty who are in the least indisposed for which we are under great obligations 
to Capt. ( ) who, upon all occasions has shown himself the mane for the 
times—a good disciplinarran—a thorough gentleman, and closely endeared to all 
under under his command. Dr. H. J. Long, our assistant Surgeon has resigned 
his position, in consequence of ill health and Capt. Brock, of Bade county, 
has been appointed to fill his place. We regret to lose Dr. Long, who during 
his stay among us has discharged his whole duty, but in the services of Capt. 
Brock, find a man equal to any emergency which as yet has come before him. 

We have now entered the service in real earnest. Without tents and but 
little camp equipage, we have the broad heavens for our cover, and the earth 
for our bedding. Like horses we lie down in the weeds with our shoes on, and 
get up ready dressed—prepared to undergo all the trials and hardships of 

 camp life, or die for the freedom of our country. War and the exploits of 
its heroes is an interesting thing to talk and read of, but it requires 
something more than child's play to carry it into practice. In all ages of 
the world the soldier has been honored by his countrymen; and when, in the 
future, the historian shall record the many brilliant exploits of the 
gallant and true, we glory in the thoughts that Georgia contains not a 
son over nhom Federal dominion can ever bear rule. 

G. J. N. W. 

 Southern ^atchman, August 27 (l, 3-lt), 1862. 
! From the Southern Presbyterian. 

ARMY CORRESPOimENCE 

Camp Near HcMinnville, 
July 18, 1862 

Mr. Editor.—Dear Sir: I wish I had time and opportunity to give 
your readers a full account of the late brilliant affair at Murfreesboro, 
but under present circumstances must content myself with the briefest 
account possible. 

On Saturday, the 12th, we broke up our camp (if camp it can be called, 
when there is neither tent nor shelter of any kind) at twelve o'clock at 
noon, and moved rapidly towards i-lurfreesboro, forty-nine miles distant. Our 
force consists entirely of cavalry, and hence is able to move with great 
rapidity. All night long we continued the march, halting only once to rest 
and feed our horses. The morning of the 13th broke upon us as bright and 
beautiful a Sabbath as ever dawned upon earth, but soon to be disturbed by 
the clash of contending arras. When about two miles from town we again halted 
for a short time while the enemy's pickets was disposed of. Soon the order 
was given to advance, and off dashed the entire brigade in full charge upon 
the slumbering city. Picture to yourself, reader, if you can, a thousand 
horsemen and more dashing at full speed over the hard and rocky turnpike— 
imagine the roar of the horses' iron hoofs—fancy the astonishment of the 
citizens awakened in the gray dawn of the morning by the noise of our army, 
and their wild manifestations of joy as they sprang from their couches to 
welcome their deliverers, and you will have some faint idea of the charge of 
our brigade upon Murfreesboro. About a mile from town we passed the captured 
pickets of the enemy going to our rear, and with difficulty our officers 
restrained the shouts of joy as our men beheld the only barrier to a complete 
surprise within our power, and unable to warn our foe of approaching danger. 

 Onward we rush. But the noise of the rushing host has already alarmed the 
slumbering foe. We approach the court house in soli, column, which commands 
the street up which ire are charging. Suddenly the sharp rattle of musketry is 
heard as our van cones within a few yards of the fatal building, and the 
contest is opened. Around the court house square we charge, the Texas Ranrers 
discharging their pieces as they rushed by. This mode of contest proving in 
effectual, later in the day the building was taken by a charge made by a 
portion of the second Georgia regiment., in which several of our brave fellows 
were slain. The main body of the foe, however, were still to be attacked. 
We ascertained that they were divided into two camps about two miles apart— 
one camp composed of infantry and artillery, and the other infantry and cav 
alry. The Texas rangers charged the latter camp and did it gallantly, killing 
and wounding numbers of the enemy, and losin * several of their own men. The 
second Georgia, was sent by our general to the other camp, with instructions to 
hold the enemy in check, but on no account to commence an attack until ordered. 
This duty we undertook to perform, but found that a difficult task had been 
assigned us. Die enemy alarmed by the firing at the court house, were already 
in line of battle—their artillery, consisting of four pieces, occupying an 
elevated position, and this supported by a regiment of infantry. Col. Lawton's 
orders were to form our regiment in line of battle in front of them, and wait 
until he heard the guns of Gen. Forrest in the enemy's rear when he was to 
charge them by squadrons. Our line of battle is formed, and anxiously we 
listen for the signal guns. In the mean time the enemy have discovered our 
position and opened upon us with their artillery, ilinutes lengthened into 
hours, and still the guns in the rear have not been heard. Hours pass by, and 
still the guns and the whirl and crush of shells bursting around us is heard. 
Closer and closer they advance, nearer and nearer do their shot and shell fall 
around us; now their sharpshooters are creeping close upon us under cover of 
bushes, and their fire becomes extremely galling. An order is given by 

 our colonel for one squadron to charge the sharpshooters and rid us of their 
annoyance. And here, Mr. Editor, let me record as gallant an affair as has 
occured during this war. Our friend and brother James E. Dunlop commanded 
the squadron which was to lead this charge. Through some mistake in trans 
mitting the order he was directed to charge the battery. Desperate as the 
undertald.ng seemed, he started off as cooly as if setting out on a pleasure 
ride. He were upon an elevation protected by woodsy the enemy upon another 
in an open field, where artillery could have fair sweep. As soon as Dunlop's 
squadron passed the woods and rushed into the field a most terrific discharge 
of grape, ca. ister and shell opened upon them. The effect of such a dis 
charge can be better imagined than described. The road was strewn with 
riderless horses and unhorsed riders. And now the whole line poured in 
through ( torn). Is it possible that one can escape? Yes, the leader of 
that squadron, though his forces are torn and scattered like forest leaves, 
rushes on amid the lead and iron hail, and leads seven of his own company 
directly through the enemy's lines, killing one of his foes with his sabre as 
he passed through. On the other side he again formed his little company of 
seven to charge back, but was prevented by the prudent remonstrance of his 
men. Thus, Mr. Editor, was performed as gallant and daring an act as has 
occurred during this war. And indeed I challenge history to produce a more 
daring feat than leading seven men through such a fire and over such a battery. 
For a time we were in a state of dreadful suspense as to the fate of our brave 
comrade, but soon he relieved our fears by making his appearance and is now 
cheerfully acknowledge by all as the bravest man in the brigade. The moral 
effect of this charge I doubt not tended greatly towards inducing the enemy to 
surrender without firing another shot on our side. They surrendered uncon- 
ditionaly, artillery, infantry and cavalry. The loss of the enemy was 103 
killed and wounded, ours 3i?- Let me briefly sum up the result of the day's ac 
tion. We captured one major general, viz: Crittenden, two brigadier generals 

 four colonels., and between twelve and fifteen hundred troops, a vast amount 

of stores, over seventy-five wagons, three hundred mules and horses, a splendid 

battery, besides small arms without number. This was done by cavalry, unassisted 

by infantry or artillery and opposing equal, if not superior numbers of the 

enemy. 

Yours, in haste, 

H. 

 Southern Watchman,! August 27 (l, 2-3), 1862. 

From the Sohthem Federal Union, ^ 
A TRAVELLER'S STORY. 

REMINISCENCE OF AN INCIDENT THAT HAPPENED AT A BOARDING HOUSE IN SAVANNAH, 

SOME FIFTY-ODD YEARS AGO. 

"Music hath charms," &c. 

I called at Col. Shellman's boai^ding house late in the evening of a 
cold December day, on a visit to Mr. R., of L————— county, and found 
him with a number of other gentlemen, sitting around a comfortable fire 
in the dining room, among whom was the Rev. M. L. Weems, the author of a 
life of Washington and also that of Marion5 a peddler of books and dis 
tributer of bibles, hymn books and religious tracts; an eccentric, elderly 
gentlemen who was sometimes supposed (I believe erroneously) to draw the 
long bow; but certain it is he always carried about with him a fiddle, the 
bow of which he was in the habit of drawing with delightful effect, making 
his fiddle discourse excellent music. This was in addition to his preaching 
and praying propensities and habits, for he was equally skilled in the 
several practices of spinning yams, praying, preaching and fiddling. 

Mr. Weems was engaged in telling and the company in listening to a very 
interesting story of a happy man—happy in a second marriage—a cause which 
he always advocated, because, he said, as he had often said before, had it 
not been for a second marriage the great, the immortal Washington would 
never have been bom to free and bless this happy, this glorious and great 
country. Suddenly entered the room, in a rough, blustering manner, a tall, 
stout, burly, florid gentleman, well clad and cloaked, who, divesting him 
self of overcoat and extra cravats, took a seat by the fire nearly opposite 
my friend Mr. R. There he sat vanning himself and occasionally rubbing his 
hands, apparently a stranger to all the company. Mr. Weems after a slight 
interruption resumed, continued and finished his story, and then words of 

recognition and salutation were interchanged between him and the stranger, who 
announced himself in a foreign accent, as Maj. F. P*—— of ————, Georgia. 

 I believe there was not an individual in the roan who did not know by sight 
or reputation Major. F. P., of —————, Georgia. 

After awhile the Major, being warmed up, began to look about him, and 
recognized Mr. R., to whom he addressed some words in broken or bad English, 
not distinctly heard, perhaps not understood by the majority of the company, 
but it was noticed that they had a sensible effect upon the long, placid, 
pale countenance of -Ir. R., which became instantly suffused, and a quarrel 
or war of words ensuing, the field was left clear to the disputants, no 
person present knowing the cause of the noisy outbrust. Kr. ''leems, coolly 
and quietly rising, took his fiddle from the side-board where he had placed 
it after dinner, not waiting, as is usual with musicians, to tune it up, 
and began to play violently and vigorously,"sounds full of noise and fury," 
evidently intending by the discord of words in exchange between the dis 
putants gradually became less noisy and violent, and violin less crazy and 
cracked in its notes, and the gallant Major was distinctly heard to say to 
Mr. R., "You are no gentleman," to which Mr. P. as distinctly replied: 
"Pooh^ poohL you are no judge." Mr. ^eems, during the lull, tuned his fiddle 
and began in a less boisterous and more agreeable strain to draw his bow 
full, clear and strong—the room was filled with melody,, and harmony and 
peace once more began to reign in the hall and around the fire-side. Mr. 
Weems continued, the while, walking up and down the room, apparently uncon 
scious of the presence of his hearers. From pleasing, agreeable lively tunes 
he came to the severe and ^rave, ultimately rising to an almost divine old 
psalm tune, by which the storm of passion was lulled—a sweet thrilling sense 
of propriety and decorum seemed to pervade every bosom; and Mr. '^eerns, crossing 
his bow over the bridge of the fiddle and putting it down on the table for 
use, addressed the company, "come, let us pray;" and pray he did. The whole 

company, impressed with a solemn, religious awe, on their knees, joined in 
the devotion.